Produção de biodiesel a partir da reação de transesterificação por rota metílica utilizando óxido bi metálico de Ca/Nb

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Valéria Monteiro
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/38345
• topic: Oleo de algodão; Cotton oil; Transesterificação; Transesterification; Biodiesel; Catalisador hetererogeneo; heterogeneous catalyst; óxido de calcio; calcium oxide; Niobium oxide; óxido de nióbio; Meio Ambiente

Currently there is a great demand for renewable energy in the world, from the energy alternatives is biodiesel as a partial or total substitute for diesel, because they have similar physical and chemical properties. Biodiesel is produced from vegetable oil or animal fat from the transesterification reaction with the addition of short chain alcohols such as methanol, ethanol or propanol, and in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. The objective is the synthesis and characterization of bi-metallic oxides and use as catalysts in the reaction of transesterification of cotton oil. In this work, bi-metallic oxide (CaO / Nb2O3) was used as catalyst for the production of biodiesel, with cotton oil as the raw material and to find better reaction conditions for obtaining considerable yields. The bi-metallic oxide was synthesized at a 1: 1 molar ratio of Ca / Nb and then calcined at 800 ° C, the obtained catalyst was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DTG ), X - ray diffractometry (XRD), X - ray fluorescence (FRX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The physico-chemical properties of cotton oil (acidity index, free fatty acids) and specific mass were analyzed. The catalyst was used in the methyl ester transesterification reaction with varying methanol / oil ratio conditions, reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst concentration. The biodiesel was evaluated by thermogravimetry, acidity index and density, according to ABNT standards. In the reaction conditions studied, the best conversion of triglycerides to esters was 90.7%, using a 10% catalyst, methanol / oil ratio of 20: 1, a temperature of 60 ° C and a reaction time of 6 hours.