Effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19

• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Bruna Zavarize
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Fernandes, Alan Lins, Murai, Igor Hisashi, Sales, Lucas Peixoto, Santos, Mayara Diniz, Pinto, Ana Jéssica, Goessler, Karla Fabiana, Duran, Camila da Silva Cendon, Silva, Carla Baleeiro Rodrigues, Franco, André Silva, Macêdo, Marina Barguil, Dalmolin, Henrique Helson Herter, Baggio, Janaína, Balbi, Guilherme Guimarães Moreira, Antonangelo, Leila, Caparbo, Valéria de Falco, Gualano, Bruno, Pereira, Rosa Maria Rodrigues
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/57728; http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab426
• topic: Immune response; SARS-CoV-2; Inflammation; Acutephase reactants; Vitamin D

Background: The modulating effect of vitamin D on cytokine concentrations in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains unknown. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D3 on cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. Methods: This is a post hoc, ancillary, and exploratory analysis from a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 were recruited from 2 hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil. Of 240 randomly assigned patients, 200 were assessed in this study and randomly assigned to receive a single oral dose of 200,000 IU vitamin D3 (n = 101) or placebo (n = 99). The primary outcome was hospital length of stay, which has been published in our previous study. The prespecified secondary outcomes were serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The post hoc exploratory secondary outcomes were IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IFN-γ , granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-8, IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and leukocyte count. Generalized estimating equations for repeated measures, with Bonferroni’s adjustment, were used for testing all outcomes. Results: The study included 200 patients with a mean ± SD age of 55.5 ± 14.3 y and BMI of 32.2 ± 7.1 kg/m2, of which 109 (54.5%) were male. GM-CSF concentrations showed a significant group-by-time interaction effect (P = 0.04), although the betweengroup difference at postintervention after Bonferroni’s adjustment was not significant. No significant effects were observed for the other outcomes. Conclusions: The findings do not support the use of a single dose of 200,000 IU vitamin D3, compared with placebo, for the improvement of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factor in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04449718. Am J Clin Nutr 2022;115:790–798