Indicadores de qualidade do solo em plantio direto e convencional na savana de Roraima

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Tarcísio Gomes
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRR
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufrr.br:8080/jspui/handle/prefix/616
• topic: Manejo do solo; Fertilidade do solo; Matéria orgânica; Soil management; Soil fertility; Organic matter; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of two kinds of soil management and crop rotation on physical and chemical quality of a dystrophic yellow Latosol in the savannah of Roraima. The experiment was a randomized block with four replications, two kinds of soil tillage, conventional tillage (PC) and no tillage (PD), four treatments represented by four crop rotations, and an adjacent reference. Soil samples were collected at four different depths: 0.0 to 5 cm; 5 to 10 cm and in intervals of 10 to 20 cm and 20 to 40 cm. The treatments represented by the crop rotations were described as follows: SMCM - Soybean, corn, bean + corn, corn, soybeans; SQCMH - soybean, quicuio grass, bean + corn, millet, soybean; SBMM - Soybean, brachiaria, corn, soybean; SBCM – soybean, brachiaria, bean + corn, corn, soybean. Three samples were collected on each single soil repetition and formed a composite sample of each layer. At the moment of collection of the samples was determined soil moisture in the field. The penetration resistance was verified from the surface to a depth of 0.0 to 40 cm in a range of 5 cm, totaling nine lectures at each measurement location. It was used multivariate analysis by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and verified by the contrast between the savannah and uncultivated area under PC and PD that there were significant changes in soil properties in layers 0-5 and 5 - 10 cm caused by different management compared to uncultivated savanna. Analysis of variance was performed using the software Sisvar and it was found that F was significant for handling, crop rotation and layers. Was carried out the Tukey test for the averages and according to the results, it showed a significant interaction between the factors and crop rotation and management layers to the physical and chemical variables. According to the results of conservation tillage and crop rotation is a viable alternative for exploring the Savannah area of Roraima.