A import?ncia de uma RPPN para a avifauna: estudos sobre riqueza, composi??o e conserva??o.

• Autor(a) principal: Andrade, Lucas de Assis Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5639
• topic: Aves; RPPN; Listas de Mackinnon; Riqueza; Composi??o; Birds; RPPN; Mackinnon lists; Wealth; Composition; Biologia Geral; Ecologia

The Atlantic Forest is one of the most diverse biomes in the world. It is estimated that a total of 1,361 species of vertebrates, among which 567 are endemic, this fact associated to the great fragmentation of its territory, leads to the classification of a hotspot, with priority area for conservation. Brazil, as a whole, contains a vast diversity of birds, with almost two thousand species, being the second most diverse group in its territory. The main strategies for the conservation of Brazilian biodiversity are focused on the creation and maintenance of conservation units. Currently, RPPNs are considered a great possibility of expansion of the SNUC, since it is a category that integrates civil society and because it can be easily created, as well as presenting high rates of conservation positives. Therefore, the main objective of this work was to inventory the species of birds present in the Private Reserve of the Natural Heritage of Porangaba and its surroundings. And the specific objectives, related to the Reserve and its surroundings, were: to estimate the richness of the bird fauna; describe the composition of the bird community; determine species abundance; to classify the species of birds in relation to their trophic guilds; analyze the conservation of avifauna according to dependence on forest habitats, the degree of endemism and the risk of extinction of the species. The present study was developed in the Porangaba Natural Heritage Private Reserve, with an area of 84.4 hectares, located in the city of Itagua?, RJ. Data collection took place between May and December 2018. Two complementary methodologies, Mackinnon lists and fog networks were adopted for the survey of the avifauna. The birds are classified according to: trophic guilds; forest dependency; endemism; conservation status. In total, 162 bird species were registered in the RPPN area and in their surroundings, distributed in 47 families and 21 orders. The five most representative families, that is, with the largest number of species, were: Thraupidae (18); Tyrannidae (18); Trochilty (12); Thamnophilicity (8); Psittacity (8). The average richness did not differ between dry and rainy seasons. The majority (37%) of the bird species recorded at the study site belonged to the insectivorous guild, followed by omnivores. Six species of the study site are classified as almost endangered at international level (IUCN). Amazona rhodocorytha is also threatened at the state and national level. Regarding species restricted to a specific biome, 42 bird species from the study site were classified as endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Additional research, with an even longer collection period, is likely to indicate a greater richness of bird species. The present study demonstrates the importance of Conservation Units, in particular the RPPN, for the preservation of avifauna.