Altera??es reprodutivas e fisiol?gicas em Bradybaena similaris F?RUSSAC, 1821 (Bradybaenidae), Leptinaria unilamellata (D? Orbigny, 1835) e Subulina octona (Brug?i?re, 1789) (Subulinidae) expostas ao extrato aquoso de Solanum paniculatum (A.St. Hill) e Solanum lycocarpum (Solanaceae)

• Autor(a) principal: SILVA, Lidiane Cristina da
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3265
• topic: Extrato vegetal; carboidratos; fecundidade; moluscicida; produtos nitrogenados; Carbohydrate; fecunduty; molluscicide; nitrogen products; vegetal extracts; Medicina Veterin?ria

Land snails are important as intermediate hosts in the life cycle of several helminths species. In most cases, continuation of parasites life cycle is dependent of its relation with snail hosts. In this way, the control of snail?s population reduces the chance of infection and continuation of biological cycle of parasites. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the moluscicidal effect of the aqueous extract of S. paniculatum and S. lycocarpum and calculate the lethal and sublethal concentrations in three land snails species that participate in parasites life cycle, B. similaris, L. unilamellata and S. ocotana. It were also evaluated alteration in fecundity and in carbohydrates metabolism by analysis of glucose concentrations and by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in hemolymph, glycogen content in digestive gland and cephalopedial mass and galactogen content in albumem gland of snails exposed to sublethal concentrations of both plants during 72 hours, with 24 hours intervals. The content of total proteins, uric acid and urea were also evaluated. It was verified a reduction in glycogen concentration of digestive gland of the three species with an increasing in glucose levels in hemolymph and glycogen of cephalopedial mass indicating that the intoxication caused by the extracts changed the glycemic regulation in animals. There was also a significantly increasing in lactate dehidrogenase activity, mainly in snails exposed to the LC50 of S. paniculatum in the first 24 hours after exposure, showing acceleration of anaerobic metabolism in this period, probably due to intoxication effects. The reduction in fecundity in exposed snails can be related to the utilization of energetic reserves to detoxification and survival of animals. Therefore, results demonstrate that the extracts of both plants caused physiological alterations in snails, that has negatively reflects in fecundity, with a process of partial castration of snails by a deviation of nutrients that would be allocated to reproduction. It was observed a reduction in total proteins content in B. similaris and L. unilamellata. This result can be related to the active principles presents in extracts, mostly tannins that can bound to proteins causing its inactivation or the allocation of it as energy source. It was also observed that the exposure to the extracts caused a deviation in uricotelic pattern to ureotelic in B. similaris and provoked the activation of both excretory routes in order to reduce the toxic effects of extracts in L. unilamellata and S. octona. It is possible to conclude that the aqueous extracts of S. paniculatum and S. lycocarpum presented moluscicidal effect and provoked metabolic alteration that culminated in reduction of fecundity and mortality of snails.