Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha
Data de Publicação: 2010
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2349
Resumo: Coffee is an extremely complex food matrix and has an important role in the world?s economy, especially in producing and exporting countries like Brazil. However this product may suffer from technical barriers imposed for exportation because of the possible presence of ochratoxin A, which is nefrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin found in many foods including coffee. The aim of this study was to implement chemical metrology concepts in the development and validation of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry in tandem (CLAE-EM/EM) method for identification and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee estimating uncertainty of measurement according to directive 2002/657/EC and Inmetro guidelines (DOC-CGCRE-2010). The extraction method was based on Pittet (1998) and chromatographic parameters were: flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, mobile phase 80:20 water trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %: methanol trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %, injection volume of 50 PL, injection mode Full loop, isocratic mode. The column was Synergi Hydro C18. The mass spectrometry parameters were optimized and transitions selected based on the colision energies monitored were m/z 404 >358 (-10.5 V) and m/z 404 >239 (-20.5 V). From the validation procedure, methods were considered seletive. The evaluation and verification of matrix effect was performed by comparing variances and averages using F and t test. Value of Fcalculated for green coffee (25.2152) and roasted coffee (104.0353), were higher than Ftable (4.0426). Value of t calculated for green (5.0214) and roasted coffee (10.1997) were higher than ttable (2.0106). Both methods were considered linear in the working range of calibration curve with linear correlation coefficients (r) of 0.98188 and 0.91754 for green and roasted coffee, respectively.The quantification and detection limits were 1.2 Pg/kg and 3.0 Pg/kg; 0.36 Pg/kg and 1.0 Pg/kg, for green and roasted coffee respectively. The average recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were in range of 90.45 ? 108.81 %, 5.39 ? 9.94 % and 2.20 ? 14.34 % for green coffee and 89.02 ? 108.85 %, 2.43 ? 13.73 % and 12.57 ? 17.84 % for roasted coffee. All results obtained were considered within acceptable levels according to literature. Measurement value and expanded uncertainties (U) for ochratoxin A were mass fraction w = (11.50 ? 1.11) and w = (4.63 ? 0.63) for green coffee and roasted coffee. Both methods developed and validated using a high sensitivity technique, that allowed detection, confirmation and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee with a estimated uncertainty of measurement, and in the future these methods can be used to help overcome possible technical barriers imposed for exportation of Brazilian coffee.
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spelling Godoy, Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira507.802.047-00http://lattes.cnpq.br/3671854931659782Caixeiro, Janaina Marques RodriguesSouza, Vanderl?a deBorguini, Renata GalhardoSaldanha, Tatiana073.281.717-07http://lattes.cnpq.br/3234328440062546Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha2018-08-20T12:37:22Z2010-09-24BANDEIRA, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha. Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica. 2010. 134 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2010.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2349Coffee is an extremely complex food matrix and has an important role in the world?s economy, especially in producing and exporting countries like Brazil. However this product may suffer from technical barriers imposed for exportation because of the possible presence of ochratoxin A, which is nefrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin found in many foods including coffee. The aim of this study was to implement chemical metrology concepts in the development and validation of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry in tandem (CLAE-EM/EM) method for identification and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee estimating uncertainty of measurement according to directive 2002/657/EC and Inmetro guidelines (DOC-CGCRE-2010). The extraction method was based on Pittet (1998) and chromatographic parameters were: flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, mobile phase 80:20 water trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %: methanol trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %, injection volume of 50 PL, injection mode Full loop, isocratic mode. The column was Synergi Hydro C18. The mass spectrometry parameters were optimized and transitions selected based on the colision energies monitored were m/z 404 >358 (-10.5 V) and m/z 404 >239 (-20.5 V). From the validation procedure, methods were considered seletive. The evaluation and verification of matrix effect was performed by comparing variances and averages using F and t test. Value of Fcalculated for green coffee (25.2152) and roasted coffee (104.0353), were higher than Ftable (4.0426). Value of t calculated for green (5.0214) and roasted coffee (10.1997) were higher than ttable (2.0106). Both methods were considered linear in the working range of calibration curve with linear correlation coefficients (r) of 0.98188 and 0.91754 for green and roasted coffee, respectively.The quantification and detection limits were 1.2 Pg/kg and 3.0 Pg/kg; 0.36 Pg/kg and 1.0 Pg/kg, for green and roasted coffee respectively. The average recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were in range of 90.45 ? 108.81 %, 5.39 ? 9.94 % and 2.20 ? 14.34 % for green coffee and 89.02 ? 108.85 %, 2.43 ? 13.73 % and 12.57 ? 17.84 % for roasted coffee. All results obtained were considered within acceptable levels according to literature. Measurement value and expanded uncertainties (U) for ochratoxin A were mass fraction w = (11.50 ? 1.11) and w = (4.63 ? 0.63) for green coffee and roasted coffee. Both methods developed and validated using a high sensitivity technique, that allowed detection, confirmation and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee with a estimated uncertainty of measurement, and in the future these methods can be used to help overcome possible technical barriers imposed for exportation of Brazilian coffee.O caf? constitui uma matriz extremamente complexa e tem importante papel na economia mundial, especialmente nos pa?ses produtores e exportadores como o Brasil. No entanto tem sido alvo de barreiras t?cnicas devido a uma subst?ncia denominada ocratoxina A, micotoxina potencialmente nefrot?xica e nefrocarcinog?nica encontrada em muitos alimentos inclusive o caf?. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo implantar os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica no desenvolvimento, e valida??o do m?todo para identifica??o e quantifica??o de ocratoxina A no caf? verde e caf? torrado estimando a incerteza da medi??o e utilizando a t?cnica de Cromatografia L?quida acoplada a Espectrometria de Massas em s?rie (CLAE-EM/EM) seguindo os crit?rios da diretiva EC-657/2002 e o documento orientativo do Inmetro (DOCCGCRE- 2010). A metodologia de extra??o baseou-se em Pittet (1998) e os par?metros cromatogr?ficos foram: fluxo de 0,3 mL/min, fase m?vel 80:20 ?gua ?cido trifluoroac?tico 0,05%: metanol ?cido trifluoroac?tico 0,05 %, volume de inje??o de 50 PL, com o modo de inje??o Full loop e sistema de elui??o isocr?tico. A coluna utilizada foi Synergi Hydro C18. As condi??es do espectr?metro de massas foram otimizadas e a transi??o selecionada de acordo com suas energias de colis?o foram m/z 404 >358 (-10,5 V) e m/z 404 >239 (-20,5 V). A partir da valida??o os m?todos propostos foram considerados seletivos, a avalia??o e comprova??o do efeito matriz foi realizada atrav?s da compara??o das vari?ncias e das m?dias atrav?s do teste F e teste t. O Fcalculado para o m?todo caf? verde (25,2152) e caf? torrado (104,0353), apresentaram valores maiores que o Ftabelado (4,0426). O tcalculado para o caf? verde (5,0214) e torrado (10,1997) apresentaram valores superiores ao ttabelado (2,0106). Os m?todos foram considerados lineares em toda a faixa de trabalho da curva de calibra??o com os coeficientes de determina??o linear (r) de 0,98188 e 0,91754 para matriz caf? verde e caf? torrado, respectivamente. O limite de quantifica??o e detec??o para os m?todos propostos foram de 1,2 Pg/kg e 3,0 Pg/kg para caf? verde e 0,36 Pg/kg e 1,0 Pg/kg para caf? torrado. Os valores das recupera??es m?dias, DPRr e DPRR variaram na faixa de 90,45 - 108,81 %, 5,39 - 9,94 % e 2,20 - 14,34 % para caf? verde; e de 89,02 - 108,85 %, de 2,43 - 13,73 % e 12,57 - 17,84 %, para caf? torrado. Todos os resultados obtidos encontram-se dentro dos limites comumente aceit?veis na literatura. Todos os resultados de medi??o e as incertezas expandidas (U) para ocratoxina A foram as fra??es m?ssicas W = (11,50 ? 1,11) Pg/kg e W = (4,63 ? 0,63) Pg/kg para caf? verde e caf? torrado, respectivamente. Os m?todos desenvolvidos e validados utilizaram t?cnica de elevada sensibilidade, permitindo a detec??o, confirma??o e a quantifica??o de ocratoxina A no caf? verde e caf? torrado com c?lculo da incerteza, podendo auxiliar futuramente na supera??o das barreiras t?cnicas para exporta??o do caf? brasileiro.Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-08-20T12:37:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha Bandeira.pdf: 1478855 bytes, checksum: f7637b4df6dd802e4e0003f4fb48d8cd (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T12:37:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha Bandeira.pdf: 1478855 bytes, checksum: f7637b4df6dd802e4e0003f4fb48d8cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24application/pdfhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/8125/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/14952/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/21248/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/27612/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/33980/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/40360/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/46728/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/53140/2010%20-%20Raquel%20Duarte%20da%20Costa%20Cunha%20Bandeira.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de AlimentosUFRRJBrasilInstituto de TecnologiaABIC (ASSOCIA??O BRASILEIRA DA IND?STRIA DE CAF?). 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VEGA, F.E.; POSADA, F.; PETERSON, S.W.; GIANFAGNA, T., CHAVES, F. Penicillium species endophytic in coffee plants and ochratoxin A production. Mycologia, n.98, p.31, 2006. VENTURA, M.; VALLEJOS, C.; ANAYA, I.A.; BROTO-PUIG, F.; AGUT, M.; COMELLAS, L. Analysis of Ochratoxin A in Coffee by Solid-Phase Cleanup and Narrow- Bore Liquid Chromatography-Fluorescence Detector-Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v.51, p.7564-7567, 2003. 104 WIBERG, K.; ANDERSSON, M.; HAGMANA, A.; JACOBSSON, S. P. Peak purity determination with principal component analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography?diode array detection data. Journal of Chromatography A., v. 1029, p. 13 -20, 2004. WIESER, M.E. Atomic Weights of the elements 2005. (Iupac Technical Report). Pure Appl. Chem., v.78, n. 11, p. 2051?2066, 2006. WILLIAMS, A. Measurement uncertainty in analytical chemistry. Accred. Qual. Assur. v.1, n.1, p. 14-17, 1996. ZENEBON, O.; PASCUET, N.S.; TIGLEA, P. M?todos f?sico-qu?micos para an?lise de alimentos. 1a edi??o digital. S?o Paulo: Instituto Adolfo Lutz, c.12, 2008, 489- 501 p. ZOLLNER, P., MAYER-HELM, B. Trace mycotoxin analysis in complex biological and food matrices by liquid chromatography - atmospheric pressure ionisation mass spectrometry. 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv Development and Validation Approach for Detection and Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Green Coffee and Roasted using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry applying the concepts of Chemical Metrology
title Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
spellingShingle Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha
Caf?
CLAE-EM/EM
Metrologia Qu?mica
Ocratoxina A.
Coffee
HPLC-MS/MS
Chemical Metrolog
Ochratoxin A.
Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos
title_short Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
title_full Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
title_fullStr Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
title_full_unstemmed Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
title_sort Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica
author Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha
author_facet Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Godoy, Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv 507.802.047-00
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3671854931659782
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Caixeiro, Janaina Marques Rodrigues
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Souza, Vanderl?a de
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Borguini, Renata Galhardo
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv Saldanha, Tatiana
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv 073.281.717-07
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/3234328440062546
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Bandeira, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha
contributor_str_mv Godoy, Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira
Caixeiro, Janaina Marques Rodrigues
Souza, Vanderl?a de
Borguini, Renata Galhardo
Saldanha, Tatiana
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Caf?
CLAE-EM/EM
Metrologia Qu?mica
Ocratoxina A.
topic Caf?
CLAE-EM/EM
Metrologia Qu?mica
Ocratoxina A.
Coffee
HPLC-MS/MS
Chemical Metrolog
Ochratoxin A.
Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv Coffee
HPLC-MS/MS
Chemical Metrolog
Ochratoxin A.
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos
description Coffee is an extremely complex food matrix and has an important role in the world?s economy, especially in producing and exporting countries like Brazil. However this product may suffer from technical barriers imposed for exportation because of the possible presence of ochratoxin A, which is nefrotoxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin found in many foods including coffee. The aim of this study was to implement chemical metrology concepts in the development and validation of Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry in tandem (CLAE-EM/EM) method for identification and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee estimating uncertainty of measurement according to directive 2002/657/EC and Inmetro guidelines (DOC-CGCRE-2010). The extraction method was based on Pittet (1998) and chromatographic parameters were: flow rate of 0.3 mL/min, mobile phase 80:20 water trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %: methanol trifluoracetic acid 0.05 %, injection volume of 50 PL, injection mode Full loop, isocratic mode. The column was Synergi Hydro C18. The mass spectrometry parameters were optimized and transitions selected based on the colision energies monitored were m/z 404 >358 (-10.5 V) and m/z 404 >239 (-20.5 V). From the validation procedure, methods were considered seletive. The evaluation and verification of matrix effect was performed by comparing variances and averages using F and t test. Value of Fcalculated for green coffee (25.2152) and roasted coffee (104.0353), were higher than Ftable (4.0426). Value of t calculated for green (5.0214) and roasted coffee (10.1997) were higher than ttable (2.0106). Both methods were considered linear in the working range of calibration curve with linear correlation coefficients (r) of 0.98188 and 0.91754 for green and roasted coffee, respectively.The quantification and detection limits were 1.2 Pg/kg and 3.0 Pg/kg; 0.36 Pg/kg and 1.0 Pg/kg, for green and roasted coffee respectively. The average recoveries, RSDr and RSDR were in range of 90.45 ? 108.81 %, 5.39 ? 9.94 % and 2.20 ? 14.34 % for green coffee and 89.02 ? 108.85 %, 2.43 ? 13.73 % and 12.57 ? 17.84 % for roasted coffee. All results obtained were considered within acceptable levels according to literature. Measurement value and expanded uncertainties (U) for ochratoxin A were mass fraction w = (11.50 ? 1.11) and w = (4.63 ? 0.63) for green coffee and roasted coffee. Both methods developed and validated using a high sensitivity technique, that allowed detection, confirmation and quantification of ochratoxin A in green and roasted coffee with a estimated uncertainty of measurement, and in the future these methods can be used to help overcome possible technical barriers imposed for exportation of Brazilian coffee.
publishDate 2010
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2010-09-24
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2018-08-20T12:37:22Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv BANDEIRA, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha. Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica. 2010. 134 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2010.
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2349
identifier_str_mv BANDEIRA, Raquel Duarte da Costa Cunha. Desenvolvimento e valida??o de metodologia na detec??o e quantifica??o de Ocratoxina A no caf? verde e torrado utilizando a t?cnica cromatografia l?quida acoplada a espectrometria de massas aplicando os conceitos da metrologia qu?mica. 2010. 134 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ci?ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos) - Instituto de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica, 2010.
url https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2349
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.relation.references.por.fl_str_mv ABIC (ASSOCIA??O BRASILEIRA DA IND?STRIA DE CAF?). Estat?sticas: Indicadores da Ind?stria de caf? do Brasil. In: portal da Associa??o Brasileira da Ind?stria de caf?. Dispon?vel em: <http://www.abic.com.br/exporta??o>. Acesso: jun. 2010. ABNT, INMETRO (Associa??o Brasileira de Normas T?cnicas, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normaliza??o e Qualidade Industrial); Guia para a Express?o da Incerteza de Medi??o, 3a Ed., Rio de Janeiro, 2003. ABNT, NBR ISO/IEC 17025:2005. (Associa??o Brasileira de Normas T?cnicas, Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Normaliza??o e Qualidade Industrial); Requisitos Gerais para compet?ncia de laborat?rios de ensaio e calibra??o, 2a Ed., Rio de Janeiro, 2005. AHMED, N.E., FARAG, M.M., SOLIMAN, K.M., ABDEL-SANED, A.K.M., NAGUIB, KH. M. Evaluation of Methods Used To Determine Ochratoxin A in Coffee Beans. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, v. 55, p. 9576-9580, 2007. ALMEIDA, A.P. J. ALABURDA, L. SHUNDO, V. RUVIERI, S.A. NAVAS, L.C.A. LAMARDO, M. SABINO. Ochratoxin A in Brazilian instant coffee. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, v. 38, p. 300-303, 2007. ANVISA (AGENCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILANCIA SANITARIA). Legisla??o. In: portal da Ag?ncia Nacional de Vigil?ncia Sanit?ria). Dispon?vel em: http://www.anvisa.gov.br/legis/portarias/377 99.htm. Acesso: jun 2009. AUGUSTO, C. R. A influ?ncia da incerteza de medi??o da an?lise cromatogr?fica do g?s natural no c?lculo do poder calor?fico superior do g?s, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2007. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Tecnologia de Processos Qu?micos e Bioqu?micos) ? Escola de Qu?mica, EQ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, p. 53-65, 2007. BAYMAN, P., BAKER, J.L. Ochratoxins: a global perspective. Mycopathologia. v.162, p.215, 2006. BECKER, M. P. DEGELMANN, M. HERDERICH, P. SCHREIER, H.U., HUMPT, H. U. Column liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of ochratoxin. 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