Prospec??o etnoveterin?ria com potencial acaricida sobre Rhipicephalus microplus

• Autor(a) principal: Marques, Thiago Luiz Pereira
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5823
• topic: Artemisia vulgaris; bovino; ectoparasita; bovine; ectoparasite; Medicina Veterin?ria

Rhipicephalus microplus, has been recognized as the main cause of economic losses within cattle raising, causing several losses such as weight loss and low feed conversion, which may compromise the production of meat and milk. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the extracts of Artemisia vulgaris and Chenopodium ambrosioides on tick R. microplus. Initially, 95 participants who were in contact with the rural area were selected to answer a questionnaire in order to obtain data regarding local ethnoveterinary, and it is possible to observe that the plant which was the most cited by the participants was C. ambrosiodes with 66.7% (28/63), being used to control fleas in dogs. To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the extracts of A. vulgaris and C. ambrosioides, engorged females from the colony of R. microplus from the Laboratory of Experimental Chemotherapy in Veterinary Parasitology at UFRRJ (LQEPV) were used, being separated in a group of 10 samples, and submitted to test in three forms of extraction: methanol, dichloromethane and hexane for each plant and in ten different concentrations (10,000; 5,000; 2,500; 1,250; 625; 312.5; 156.25; 78.125; 39.06; 19.53ppm), as well as for positive and negative control. The hatchability percentage was read to calculate the Product's Reproductive Efficiency using the statistical test for analysis of variance. In the first evaluation phase, it was observed that the extraction with the best result for A. vulgaris was hexane in the concentration of 78.125 ppm, with 99.6% of reproductive efficiency and for C. ambrisioides, it was hexane, obtaining 53.7% in the concentration of 10,000 ppm. The observed efficiencies for the two plants evaluated were not linear in the progress of increasing concentrations, and for that reason the extract of A. vulgaris with the best result progressed to a second phase using the hexane extraction for having presented the best results. Differently from the first phase, the efficacy was increasing, with the exception of only two concentrations (626 and 10,000 ppm). The highest concentration, 4000 ppm showed good efficiency, this being 85.8%. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the A. vulgaris plant presented, according to the present methodology, an acaricidal efficacy in both tests and the immediate use of the plant is better than the use of stored plants. The C. ambrosioides plant, on the other hand, requires further studies with new methodologies, in order to prove its acaricidal potential. Ethnoveterinary studies are useful tools in the documentation of plants with parasiticide potential.