Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2007 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ |
Texto Completo: | https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/302 |
Resumo: | The soil organic matter determines the main attributes that define soil quality, and it is directly affected by the soil management practices. The objective of this study was to amplify the understanding of the influence of soil tillage systems in the stock and quality of soil organic matter (SOM). It is believed that different soil tillage systems and soil coverage act differently on the distribution of SOM pools. The study reported on Chapter I was conducted in a long-term experiment (13 years) in LAGRISA sugar-cane processing plant, in Linhares municipality (ES), to evaluate the effect of sugarcane harvesting systems on SOM s stock and quality. The treatments evaluated were: a) with pre-harvest burning (burnt cane), and b) without pre-harvest burning, with the maintenance of the residue as soil coverage (green cane). The management of the crop as green cane, with residue conservation, contributed with higher C and N stocks and SOM fractions; thus it being more suitable for the soil and climate conditions studied. Light fractions infrared spectrums were very similar with others found in the literature, suggesting that, the quality of the material was very similar, for different environments, but the quant ity of the organic compounds in the light fraction of SOM would, probably, be the difference. The soil management systems influenced more in the quality of SOM than in SOM stocks. The objective of Chapter 2 study was to standardize the methodology used in the densimetric fractionating of SOM, related to the NaI density best suited for extracting the light fraction of SOM. It was tested by using carbon isotopes and analyzing the chemical composition of the fractions extracted. Soil samples used in the densimetric fractionating were from an experimental site located in CEPLAC, Itabela municipality (BA). The experiment was installed in 1988, in a long term system of pasture management study. Soil samples were collected at the 0-5 and 5-10 cm depth, in a Red and Yellow Ultisol, under brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha) and elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) pastures. For this study, it was also used soil samples taken previously to the pasture experiment implantation, when the area had coverage of secondary Atlantic Forest. Besides that, soil samples from pastures with 6 and 8 years after implantation were used. The experimental design of the pasture plots was of randomized block with 4 repetitions in each treatment. Before the NaI density testing, it was necessary to calibrate the ultrasound equipment potency, as well as to identify the energy level necessary to break down the soil macroaggregates. For the Red Yellow Ultisol evaluated, the adequate energy to disperse the soil aggregates was 600 J ml-1. The separation using different densities of NaI solution was a significant factor in the amount, in the organic carbon content and in the data of d13C in the free light fraction and intra-aggregate light fraction of organic matter, extracted in all soil coverage. |
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Caballero, Segundo Sacramento Urquiaga058.898.198-28http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780327Z5Boddey, Robert Michael644.889.777-15http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787284A7Alves, Bruno Jos? Rodrigues681.282.827-00http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785873Z0075.126.727-99http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766834H4Pinheiro, ?rika Fl?via Machado2016-04-26T19:39:28Z2007-05-082007-02-28PINHEIRO, ?rika Fl?via Machado. Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais. 2007. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2007.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/302The soil organic matter determines the main attributes that define soil quality, and it is directly affected by the soil management practices. The objective of this study was to amplify the understanding of the influence of soil tillage systems in the stock and quality of soil organic matter (SOM). It is believed that different soil tillage systems and soil coverage act differently on the distribution of SOM pools. The study reported on Chapter I was conducted in a long-term experiment (13 years) in LAGRISA sugar-cane processing plant, in Linhares municipality (ES), to evaluate the effect of sugarcane harvesting systems on SOM s stock and quality. The treatments evaluated were: a) with pre-harvest burning (burnt cane), and b) without pre-harvest burning, with the maintenance of the residue as soil coverage (green cane). The management of the crop as green cane, with residue conservation, contributed with higher C and N stocks and SOM fractions; thus it being more suitable for the soil and climate conditions studied. Light fractions infrared spectrums were very similar with others found in the literature, suggesting that, the quality of the material was very similar, for different environments, but the quant ity of the organic compounds in the light fraction of SOM would, probably, be the difference. The soil management systems influenced more in the quality of SOM than in SOM stocks. The objective of Chapter 2 study was to standardize the methodology used in the densimetric fractionating of SOM, related to the NaI density best suited for extracting the light fraction of SOM. It was tested by using carbon isotopes and analyzing the chemical composition of the fractions extracted. Soil samples used in the densimetric fractionating were from an experimental site located in CEPLAC, Itabela municipality (BA). The experiment was installed in 1988, in a long term system of pasture management study. Soil samples were collected at the 0-5 and 5-10 cm depth, in a Red and Yellow Ultisol, under brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha) and elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) pastures. For this study, it was also used soil samples taken previously to the pasture experiment implantation, when the area had coverage of secondary Atlantic Forest. Besides that, soil samples from pastures with 6 and 8 years after implantation were used. The experimental design of the pasture plots was of randomized block with 4 repetitions in each treatment. Before the NaI density testing, it was necessary to calibrate the ultrasound equipment potency, as well as to identify the energy level necessary to break down the soil macroaggregates. For the Red Yellow Ultisol evaluated, the adequate energy to disperse the soil aggregates was 600 J ml-1. The separation using different densities of NaI solution was a significant factor in the amount, in the organic carbon content and in the data of d13C in the free light fraction and intra-aggregate light fraction of organic matter, extracted in all soil coverage.A mat?ria org?nica determina os principais atributos que definem a qualidade do solo, sendo diretamente afetada pelas pr?ticas de manejo. Esse trabalho objetivou ampliar o conhecimento referente ?s influ?ncias dos sistemas de manejo no estoque e qualidade da mat?ria org?nica do solo (MOS). Acredita-se que os diferentes sistemas de manejo agr?cola e coberturas vegetais atuem de forma vari?vel sobre a distribui??o dos diferentes compartimentos da MOS. O estudo apresentado no Cap?tulo 1 foi conduzido a partir de um experimento de longa dura??o (13 anos) na usina de cana LAGRISA, no munic?pio de Linhares (ES), visando avaliar o efeito dos sistemas de colheita da cana no estoque e na qualidade da MOS. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: a) corte da cana ap?s queima do palhi?o (cana queimada) e, b) corte da cana sem a queima do palhi?o, deixando-o sob o solo (cana crua). Analisando os resultados, observou-se que o sistema de colheita que preservou a palhada no solo contribuiu com maiores estoques de C e N no solo e fra??es da MOS, sendo ent?o, o mais adequado para as condi??es edafoclim?ticas estudadas. Os espectros de infravermelho da fra??o leve da MOS foram muito similares com outros encontrados na literatura, sugerindo que, a qualidade do material foi muito similar em diferentes ambientes, e que a diferen?a estaria, provavelmente, na quantidade desses compostos org?nicos presentes na fra??o leve da MOS. O manejo do solo atuou mais sobre a qualidade e n?o tanto sobre os estoques da MOS. O objetivo do estudo do Cap?tulo 2 foi o ajuste da metodologia utilizada no fracionamento densim?trico da MOS, atrav?s da escolha da densidade de NaI mais apropriada para a extra??o da fra??o leve da MOS. Esta ser? feita com o aux?lio do emprego de is?topos do carbono e atrav?s da an?lise da composi??o qu?mica das fra??es extra?das. As amostras de solo utilizadas para a realiza??o do fracionamento densim?trico s?o oriundas do s?tio experimental localizado no CEPLAC munic?pio de Itabela (BA). O experimento foi instalado em 1988 visando um estudo de longa dura??o dos sistemas de manejo de pastagens. Amostras de terra, nas profundidades de 0-5 e 5-10 cm, foram coletadas de um solo Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo sob pastagens de capim elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) e sob pastagens de braqui?ria (Brachiaria brizantha). Para esse estudo, foram utilizadas amostras coletadas ainda antes da instala??o do experimento, quando a ?rea ainda era ocupada por uma vegeta??o t?pica de floresta secund?ria de Mata Atl?ntica. Al?m dessas amostras, foram utilizadas amostras de solo coletadas ap?s seis e oito anos da implanta??o das pastagens. As ?reas de pastagens encontravam-se em delineamento blocos ao acaso com 4 repeti??es por tratamento. Antes da realiza??o do teste para a escolha da densidade foi realizado o ajuste da pot?ncia emitida pelo aparelho de ultra-som, bem como a identifica??o do n?vel de energia ultra-s?nica necess?ria para romper os macroagregados do solo. Para o solo Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo estudado, a energia de dispers?o adequada foi de 600 J ml-1. A separa??o utilizando diferentes densidades na solu??o de NaI foi um fator significante na quantidade, no teor de carbono org?nico e nos resultados de d13C da fra??o leve livre e leve intra-agregado da mat?ria org?nica, extra?da em todas as coberturas vegetais avaliadas.Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T19:39:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf: 1912342 bytes, checksum: 8f3cf6c220e5b589e4b0919e743986b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-28Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gicoapplication/pdfhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/13559/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/18128/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/24468/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/30818/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/37206/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/43609/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/49959/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpghttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/56430/2007%20-%20%c3%89rika%20Fl%c3%a1via%20Machado%20Pinheiro.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do SoloUFRRJBrasilInstituto de Agronomiafracionamento qu?micoestoque de C e Nespectroscopia de infravermelhoCchemical fractionationC and N stocksAgronomiaFracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetaisPhysical fractionating and characterization of organic matter of soils under different coveragesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJinstname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)instacron:UFRRJTHUMBNAIL2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf.jpg2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg1943http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/302/17/2007+-+%C3%89rika+Fl%C3%A1via+Machado+Pinheiro.pdf.jpg8c1280dca4077478b5fad29883580c72MD517TEXT2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf.txt2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf.txttext/plain264409http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/302/16/2007+-+%C3%89rika+Fl%C3%A1via+Machado+Pinheiro.pdf.txtd835bf1f5de9b89ba1ec8c8ab5925904MD516ORIGINAL2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdf2007 - ?rika Fl?via Machado Pinheiro.pdfapplication/pdf2570343http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/302/1/2007+-+%C3%89rika+Fl%C3%A1via+Machado+Pinheiro.pdff6c1808f33e9a3a8e4132997d30adabcMD51tede/3022022-06-13 09:17:34.74oai:localhost:tede/302Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://tede.ufrrj.br/PUBhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/oai/requestbibliot@ufrrj.br||bibliot@ufrrj.bropendoar:2022-06-13T12:17:34Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Physical fractionating and characterization of organic matter of soils under different coverages |
title |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
spellingShingle |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais Pinheiro, ?rika Fl?via Machado fracionamento qu?mico estoque de C e N espectroscopia de infravermelho Cchemical fractionation C and N stocks Agronomia |
title_short |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
title_full |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
title_fullStr |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
title_sort |
Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais |
author |
Pinheiro, ?rika Fl?via Machado |
author_facet |
Pinheiro, ?rika Fl?via Machado |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Caballero, Segundo Sacramento Urquiaga |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv |
058.898.198-28 |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780327Z5 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Boddey, Robert Michael |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID.fl_str_mv |
644.889.777-15 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787284A7 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2.fl_str_mv |
Alves, Bruno Jos? Rodrigues |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2ID.fl_str_mv |
681.282.827-00 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4785873Z0 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
075.126.727-99 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766834H4 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pinheiro, ?rika Fl?via Machado |
contributor_str_mv |
Caballero, Segundo Sacramento Urquiaga Boddey, Robert Michael Alves, Bruno Jos? Rodrigues |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
fracionamento qu?mico estoque de C e N espectroscopia de infravermelho |
topic |
fracionamento qu?mico estoque de C e N espectroscopia de infravermelho Cchemical fractionation C and N stocks Agronomia |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Cchemical fractionation C and N stocks |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
description |
The soil organic matter determines the main attributes that define soil quality, and it is directly affected by the soil management practices. The objective of this study was to amplify the understanding of the influence of soil tillage systems in the stock and quality of soil organic matter (SOM). It is believed that different soil tillage systems and soil coverage act differently on the distribution of SOM pools. The study reported on Chapter I was conducted in a long-term experiment (13 years) in LAGRISA sugar-cane processing plant, in Linhares municipality (ES), to evaluate the effect of sugarcane harvesting systems on SOM s stock and quality. The treatments evaluated were: a) with pre-harvest burning (burnt cane), and b) without pre-harvest burning, with the maintenance of the residue as soil coverage (green cane). The management of the crop as green cane, with residue conservation, contributed with higher C and N stocks and SOM fractions; thus it being more suitable for the soil and climate conditions studied. Light fractions infrared spectrums were very similar with others found in the literature, suggesting that, the quality of the material was very similar, for different environments, but the quant ity of the organic compounds in the light fraction of SOM would, probably, be the difference. The soil management systems influenced more in the quality of SOM than in SOM stocks. The objective of Chapter 2 study was to standardize the methodology used in the densimetric fractionating of SOM, related to the NaI density best suited for extracting the light fraction of SOM. It was tested by using carbon isotopes and analyzing the chemical composition of the fractions extracted. Soil samples used in the densimetric fractionating were from an experimental site located in CEPLAC, Itabela municipality (BA). The experiment was installed in 1988, in a long term system of pasture management study. Soil samples were collected at the 0-5 and 5-10 cm depth, in a Red and Yellow Ultisol, under brachiaria (Brachiaria brizantha) and elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) pastures. For this study, it was also used soil samples taken previously to the pasture experiment implantation, when the area had coverage of secondary Atlantic Forest. Besides that, soil samples from pastures with 6 and 8 years after implantation were used. The experimental design of the pasture plots was of randomized block with 4 repetitions in each treatment. Before the NaI density testing, it was necessary to calibrate the ultrasound equipment potency, as well as to identify the energy level necessary to break down the soil macroaggregates. For the Red Yellow Ultisol evaluated, the adequate energy to disperse the soil aggregates was 600 J ml-1. The separation using different densities of NaI solution was a significant factor in the amount, in the organic carbon content and in the data of d13C in the free light fraction and intra-aggregate light fraction of organic matter, extracted in all soil coverage. |
publishDate |
2007 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2007-05-08 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2007-02-28 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-04-26T19:39:28Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
PINHEIRO, ?rika Fl?via Machado. Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais. 2007. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2007. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/302 |
identifier_str_mv |
PINHEIRO, ?rika Fl?via Machado. Fracionamento f?sico e caracteriza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo sob diferentes coberturas vegetais. 2007. 94 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia, Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2007. |
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https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/302 |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
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Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo |
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UFRRJ |
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Brasil |
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Instituto de Agronomia |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
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