Efeito de fungos dark septate sobre a efici?ncia de aproveitamento de fontes nitrogenadas em arroz e tomate e express?o de isoformas de PM H+-ATPase e transportadores de NO3- em plantas de arroz

• Autor(a) principal: Torres J?nior, Carlos Vergara
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4640
• topic: Oryza sativa [L.]; Solanum lycopersicum; Pot?ssio; N?quel; Fungos DSE; F?sforo; Canavalia ensiformis [L.]; Ferro; 15N; Inocula??o; H+-ATPase; Pirofosfato; iron; Potassium; Nickel; DSE fungi; Phosphorus; Inoculation; Manganese; Pyrophosphate; Agronomia

A plant colonized by dark septate endophytic (DSE fungi) fungi can better recovery the nutrients provided to it when mutualistic interaction is established, generating financial savings to the farmer. However, several ecological functions of DSE fungi still need to be clarified. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of dark septate endophytic fungi on the nitrogen recovery efficiency in tomato and rice plants and on the expression of plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) isoforms and nitrate (NO3-) transporters in rice plants. The experiments with tomato and rice were conducted in non-sterile greenhouse soil in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. The treatments consisted of tomato (Santa Clara I-5300 variety) or rice (Piau? variety) plants without (control) and inoculated with DSE fungi A101, A104 and A105, and A101 and A103, respectively. Pots containing non-sterile material from the surface horizon of a Fragiudult soil, received ammonium sulfate enriched with 1 atom % 15N excess or finely ground Canavalia ensiformis [L.] enriched with 2.15 or 0.7 atom % 15N excess as the sole source of N. Growth plant indicators, accumulation of plant dry matter and nutrients, and recovery efficiency of 15N were evaluated at 54 days after transplanting and at maturity stage of rice plants, and at 50 days after transplanting of tomato seedlings. Expression of NO3- transporters and PM H+ -ATPase isoforms and H+ pumps activity was also evaluated in rice plants inoculated with A103. Compared with control, rice and tomato plants were more proficient in the recovery of nutrients, especially N derived from C. ensifomis. Rice plants also responded positively to the inoculation under ammonium sulfate supplementation, accumulating more dry matter and nutrients in relation to the control, and when rice plants were inoculated with the A103 fungus in a sterile environment, activity of PM H+-ATPase and of vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase, and transcripts abundance of PM H+-ATPase isoforms OsA5 and OsA8 increased. A101, A104 and A105, and A101 and A103 fungi are beneficial for tomato and rice, respectively.