Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio
| Autor(a) principal: | |
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| Data de Publicação: | 1987 |
| Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ |
| Texto Completo: | https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4089 |
Resumo: | The objective of the present study was to compare the development and viability of larvae, pupae and adult stages of Musca domestica L. 1758 (D?ptera, Muscidae), raised in faeces of domesticated animals (cattle, swine, poultry and equines), in differents periods post-emission. The study was conducted at the laboratory of Insect Biology of the Experimental Station for Parasitological Research W.O. Neitz, Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Faeces of Bos taurus L., Sus scrofa L., Gallus gallus L. and Equus caballus L., recently eliminated, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours old were seeded with up to 24 hours old larvae. In horse faeces, the M. domestica larvae stages developed only in recently eliminated faeces. About treatments with bovine, swine and poultry faeces, the larval stage viability, pupae weight, duration and viability of larval to adult stage, were influenciated by the interaction factors analised (types of faeces x post-emission periods). Faeces of swine up to 72 hours old xx. and recently eliminated faeces of poultry were considered the most appropriate medium for development of M. domestica. The pupation period and viability of pupae were not influenced by type of faeces. However, the average weight of pupae of M. domestica from cattle faeces was lower than the average weight of pupae recovered from swine and poultry faeces. |
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Azevedo, Eliane Maria Vieira Milward dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8979055616457738http://lattes.cnpq.br/8979055616457738Salles, M?rcia de Senna Nunes2020-10-27T13:02:44Z1987-06-02SALLES, M?rcia de Senna Nunes. Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio. 1987. 62 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias) - Instituto de Ci?ncias Exatas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 1987.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/4089The objective of the present study was to compare the development and viability of larvae, pupae and adult stages of Musca domestica L. 1758 (D?ptera, Muscidae), raised in faeces of domesticated animals (cattle, swine, poultry and equines), in differents periods post-emission. The study was conducted at the laboratory of Insect Biology of the Experimental Station for Parasitological Research W.O. Neitz, Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Faeces of Bos taurus L., Sus scrofa L., Gallus gallus L. and Equus caballus L., recently eliminated, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours old were seeded with up to 24 hours old larvae. In horse faeces, the M. domestica larvae stages developed only in recently eliminated faeces. About treatments with bovine, swine and poultry faeces, the larval stage viability, pupae weight, duration and viability of larval to adult stage, were influenciated by the interaction factors analised (types of faeces x post-emission periods). Faeces of swine up to 72 hours old xx. and recently eliminated faeces of poultry were considered the most appropriate medium for development of M. domestica. The pupation period and viability of pupae were not influenced by type of faeces. However, the average weight of pupae of M. domestica from cattle faeces was lower than the average weight of pupae recovered from swine and poultry faeces.O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de comparar o desenvolvimento e a viabilidade das fases p?s-embrion?rias de Musca domestica L. 1758 (D?ptera, Muscidae), criadas em fezes de animais dom?sticos de import?ncia econ?mica (bovinos, su?- nos, galinhas e eq?inos), em diferentes per?odos p?s-emiss?o. O experimento foi realizado no Laborat?rio de Biologia de Insetos da Esta??o Experimental para Pesquisas Parasitol?gicas W.O. Neitz da ?rea de Parasitologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal, da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Os substratos de cria??o utilizados no experimento, isto ?, fezes rec?m-emitidas, com 24, 48, 72 e 96 horas p?semiss?o, provenientes de Bos taurus L., Sus scrofa L., Gallus gallus L. e Equus caballus L., foram "inoculadas" com larvas com at? 24 horas de idade. Em fezes de eq?inos, o desenvolvimento das fases p?s-embrion?rias de M. domestica s? ocorreu em fezes rec?m-emitidas. Nos tratamentos relativos a fezes de bovinos, su?nos e galinhas, a viabilidade do est?gio larval, o xviii. peso de pupas, a dura??o e a viabilidade do per?odo de larva a adulto, foram influenciadas pela intera??o dos fatores analisados (tipo de fezes x per?odo p?s-emiss?o). Fezes de su?nos com at? 72 horas p?s-emiss?o e fezes de galinhas rec?m-emitidas foram os substratos mais adequados ao desenvolvimento de M. domestica. A dura??o e a viabilidade do est?gio pupal n?o foram influenciadas pelo tipo de substrato de cria??o utilizado durante o per?odo larval. Contudo, foi evidenciada a influ?ncia do tipo e idade das fezes no peso de pupas de M. domestica, sendo que, o peso m?dio de pupas provenientes de larvas criadas em fezes de bovinos, foi significativamente menor do que os obtidos a partir de fezes de su?nos e galinhasSubmitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2020-10-27T13:02:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 1987 - M?rcia de Senna Nunes.pdf: 523613 bytes, checksum: b79d1aea55ad6c6dd45bf017b090965c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-10-27T13:02:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 1987 - M?rcia de Senna Nunes.pdf: 523613 bytes, checksum: b79d1aea55ad6c6dd45bf017b090965c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-06-02Coordena??o e Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESapplication/pdfhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/62798/1987%20-%20M%c3%a1rcia%20%20de%20Senna%20%20Nunes.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Veterin?riasUFRRJBrasilInstituto de Ci?ncias Biol?gicas e da Sa?deABDERL-GAWAAD, A.A. & ELGAYER, F.H. Experiments for serving the problem of controlling house fly in Alexandria city. Z. Angew. Ent. 70(2): 203-208. 1972 AMANO, K. Breeding of the house fly (M. domestica, Diptera, Musdicae) in fresh dung of cattle fed on pasture grass. Appl. Ent. Zoll. 20(2): 143-150, 1985. A.O.A.C. Official Methods of Analysis (5 th ed.). Association of Official Agricultural Chemistis Washington, D.C. 1970. BAI, M.G. & SANKARAN, T. Seasonal ocurrence of Musca domestica and other flies in relation to their pupae parasites in manure in and around Bangalore. In: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Ecology of Annual Populations Zoological Survey of India. 133-141. 1982. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Oviposition and development of the face fly in feces of six species of Animals. J. Econ. Entomol. 61: 1733-5. 1968. 58. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Influence of moisture content of bovine feces on oviposition and development of the face fly. J. Econ. Entomol. 62(1): 41-44. 1969. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Face fly larval development in relation to bovine sex and quantity of feces. J. Econ. Entomol. 63: 1973. 1970. BEARD, R.L. & SANDS, D.C. Factors affecting degradation of poultry manure by flies. Environ. Entomol., 2(5): 801-806. 1973. BLUME, R.R. Insects associated with bovine dropping inkers and Bexar Couties, Texas. J. Econ. Entomol. 63: 1023-1024. 1970. CALVERT, C.C.; MORGAN, N.O. & MARTIN, R.D. House fly pupae as food for poultry. J. Econ. Entomol. 62: 938-9. 1969. D'AMATO, L.A.; KNAPP, F.W. & DAHLMAN, D.L. Survival of the face fly in feces from cattle fed alfafa hay or grain diets: Effect of fermentation and microbial changes. Environ. Entomol. 9: 557-560, 1980. ELTRINGHAN, M.A. Some experiments on the houve fly in relation to the farm manure heap. J. Agric. Sci. 7: 433-457. 1915. FIGG, D.E.; HALL, R.D. & THOMAS, G.D. Insect parasites associated with developing en bovine pats on central Missouri pastures. Environ. Entomol. 12(3): 961-966. 1983. 59. GEETHA BAI, M. & SANKARAN, T. Parasites, predators and other arthropods associated With M. domestica and other flies breding in bovine manure. Entomophaga. 22(2): 163-167. 1977. HAFEZ, M. Some ecological observation on the insect fauna of dung. Bull. Soc. Fouad. Ent. 23: 241-387. 1939. HAMMER, O. Biological and ecological investigations of flies associated with pasturing cattle and their excrement. Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kobenhaun. 105: 141-393. 1941. JOSEPH, A.N.T. & PAURI, P. Filth inhabitinf flies (D?ptera of Calcutta City. Bull. Zool. Surv. India. 3(1/2): 1-12, 1982. KARPENKO, L.V. The effect of mountaning the larvae of M. domestica on different substrates on its development and on the condition of the fat body. Vestn. Zool. 3: 73-79. 1975. LEGNER, E.F. & OLTON, G.S. Filth fly sources in decaying melon fields in southern California's low deserts. Calif. Agric. 29(12): 10-11. 1975. LEIKINA, L.I. The role of different substrates on the breeding of M. domestica. Med. Parasitol. 11: 82-86. 1942. L'VCHIEV, V.I. & TSANKOVA, R.N. Ecological investigations on coprobiontic Diptera in dunghills in the Sofia region. Ekol. Bulg. 7: 3-14. 1980. 60. MATTHIENSSEN, J.N.; HAYLES, L. & PALMER, M.J. As assessment of some methods for the bioassay of changes in cattle ding as insect food, using the bush fly. M. vetustissima Walker (D?ptera: Muscidae). Bull. Entomol . Res.74(3): 463-467 1984. MEYER, J.A.; CHRISTENSEN, C.M. & KNAPP, F.W. The influence of time of day, bovine manure type and distance from a barn on the recovery of face and house fly pupal. Environ. Entomol. 7: 246-8, 1978. MEYER, J.A.; CHRISTENSEN, C.M. & KNAPP, F.W. The influence of various levels of ground ear corn and alfalfa hay in the bovine diet on the development of face fly. Environ. Entomol. 7: 829-30, 1978. MILLER, B.F. & SHAW, J.H. Digestion of poultry manure by Diptera. Poult. Sei. 48: 1844, 1969. MILLER, B.F.; TEOTIA, J.S. & THATCHER, T.O. Digestion of poultry manure by M. domestica. Brit. Poult. Sei. 15(2): 231-234. 1974. POORBAUGH, J.H.; ANDERSON, J.R. & BURGER, J.F. The insects inhabitants of undisturbed catlle droppings in Northern California. Calif. Vector Views. 15: 17-35. 1968. PUTMAN, R.J. Carrion and Dung. The Decomposition of Animal Wastes. Studies in Biology. 156:59 pp. 1983. RABARI, P.M. & PATEL, R.C. House fly breeding intensity in various media during different seasons: a study around Anand 61. Campus. Gujarat Agricultural University. Res. J. 2(2): 87-91. 1977. RABARI, P.M. & PATEL, R.C. Breding of house fly M. domestica L. in different media in rural areas. Indian J. Ent. 39(2): 186- 188. 1977. SANDERS, D.P. & DOBSON, R.L. The insect complex associated with bovine manure in Indiana. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 59: 955-959. 1966. SNOWBALL, G.J. A consideration of the insect populations associated with cow dung at Crawley. W.A.J.R. Soc. West. Aust. 28: 219- 245. 1944. SYCHEVSKAYA, V.I. [Pasture flies (Diptera) of Uzbekistan]. Ent. Obozr. 56(1): 79-87. 1977. TEOTIA, J.S. & MILLER, B.F. Environmental conditions affecting development of house fly larvae in poultry man0ure. Environ. Entomol. 2(3): 329-333. TESKY, H.J. A review of the life history and habits of Musca autumnalis De Geer. (Diptera, Muscidae). Can. Entomol. 92: 360- 7. 1960. TREECE, R.E. Effect of bovine diet on face fly development. A preliminary report. 3. Econ. Entomol. 59: 153-156. 1966. VALIELA, I. The arthropod faune of bovine dung in central New York and sources on its natural history. J. N. Y. Ent. Soe. 77: 210-220. 1969. 62. WEST, L.S. The housefly its natural history, medical importance and control. Comstock Publishing Company. Ithaca. Nova York. 584 p. 1951. WINGO, C.W.; THOMAS, G.D.; CLARD, G.N. & MORGAN, C.E. Succession and abundance of insects in pasture manure relationship to face fly survied. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 67: 386-90, 1974. ZVEREVA, E.L. Poultry droppings as habitat for coprobiont flies. Ent. 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| dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| title |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| spellingShingle |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio Salles, M?rcia de Senna Nunes Medicina Veterin?ria Medicina Veterin?ria |
| title_short |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| title_full |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| title_fullStr |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| title_sort |
Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio |
| author |
Salles, M?rcia de Senna Nunes |
| author_facet |
Salles, M?rcia de Senna Nunes |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Azevedo, Eliane Maria Vieira Milward de |
| dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8979055616457738 |
| dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8979055616457738 |
| dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Salles, M?rcia de Senna Nunes |
| contributor_str_mv |
Azevedo, Eliane Maria Vieira Milward de |
| dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Medicina Veterin?ria |
| topic |
Medicina Veterin?ria Medicina Veterin?ria |
| dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Medicina Veterin?ria |
| description |
The objective of the present study was to compare the development and viability of larvae, pupae and adult stages of Musca domestica L. 1758 (D?ptera, Muscidae), raised in faeces of domesticated animals (cattle, swine, poultry and equines), in differents periods post-emission. The study was conducted at the laboratory of Insect Biology of the Experimental Station for Parasitological Research W.O. Neitz, Department of Animal Biology, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Faeces of Bos taurus L., Sus scrofa L., Gallus gallus L. and Equus caballus L., recently eliminated, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours old were seeded with up to 24 hours old larvae. In horse faeces, the M. domestica larvae stages developed only in recently eliminated faeces. About treatments with bovine, swine and poultry faeces, the larval stage viability, pupae weight, duration and viability of larval to adult stage, were influenciated by the interaction factors analised (types of faeces x post-emission periods). Faeces of swine up to 72 hours old xx. and recently eliminated faeces of poultry were considered the most appropriate medium for development of M. domestica. The pupation period and viability of pupae were not influenced by type of faeces. However, the average weight of pupae of M. domestica from cattle faeces was lower than the average weight of pupae recovered from swine and poultry faeces. |
| publishDate |
1987 |
| dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
1987-06-02 |
| dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-10-27T13:02:44Z |
| dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| format |
masterThesis |
| status_str |
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SALLES, M?rcia de Senna Nunes. Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio. 1987. 62 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias) - Instituto de Ci?ncias Exatas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 1987. |
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SALLES, M?rcia de Senna Nunes. Estudo comparado do desenvolvimento p?s-embrion?rio de Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 criada em fezes de animais dom?sticos sobre condi??es de laborat?rio. 1987. 62 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias) - Instituto de Ci?ncias Exatas Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 1987. |
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ABDERL-GAWAAD, A.A. & ELGAYER, F.H. Experiments for serving the problem of controlling house fly in Alexandria city. Z. Angew. Ent. 70(2): 203-208. 1972 AMANO, K. Breeding of the house fly (M. domestica, Diptera, Musdicae) in fresh dung of cattle fed on pasture grass. Appl. Ent. Zoll. 20(2): 143-150, 1985. A.O.A.C. Official Methods of Analysis (5 th ed.). Association of Official Agricultural Chemistis Washington, D.C. 1970. BAI, M.G. & SANKARAN, T. Seasonal ocurrence of Musca domestica and other flies in relation to their pupae parasites in manure in and around Bangalore. In: Proceedings of a Symposium on the Ecology of Annual Populations Zoological Survey of India. 133-141. 1982. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Oviposition and development of the face fly in feces of six species of Animals. J. Econ. Entomol. 61: 1733-5. 1968. 58. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Influence of moisture content of bovine feces on oviposition and development of the face fly. J. Econ. Entomol. 62(1): 41-44. 1969. BAY, D.E.; PITTS, C.W. & WARD, G.M. Face fly larval development in relation to bovine sex and quantity of feces. J. Econ. Entomol. 63: 1973. 1970. BEARD, R.L. & SANDS, D.C. Factors affecting degradation of poultry manure by flies. Environ. Entomol., 2(5): 801-806. 1973. BLUME, R.R. Insects associated with bovine dropping inkers and Bexar Couties, Texas. J. Econ. Entomol. 63: 1023-1024. 1970. CALVERT, C.C.; MORGAN, N.O. & MARTIN, R.D. House fly pupae as food for poultry. J. Econ. Entomol. 62: 938-9. 1969. D'AMATO, L.A.; KNAPP, F.W. & DAHLMAN, D.L. Survival of the face fly in feces from cattle fed alfafa hay or grain diets: Effect of fermentation and microbial changes. Environ. Entomol. 9: 557-560, 1980. ELTRINGHAN, M.A. Some experiments on the houve fly in relation to the farm manure heap. J. Agric. Sci. 7: 433-457. 1915. FIGG, D.E.; HALL, R.D. & THOMAS, G.D. Insect parasites associated with developing en bovine pats on central Missouri pastures. Environ. Entomol. 12(3): 961-966. 1983. 59. GEETHA BAI, M. & SANKARAN, T. Parasites, predators and other arthropods associated With M. domestica and other flies breding in bovine manure. Entomophaga. 22(2): 163-167. 1977. HAFEZ, M. Some ecological observation on the insect fauna of dung. Bull. Soc. Fouad. Ent. 23: 241-387. 1939. HAMMER, O. Biological and ecological investigations of flies associated with pasturing cattle and their excrement. Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Kobenhaun. 105: 141-393. 1941. JOSEPH, A.N.T. & PAURI, P. Filth inhabitinf flies (D?ptera of Calcutta City. Bull. Zool. Surv. India. 3(1/2): 1-12, 1982. KARPENKO, L.V. The effect of mountaning the larvae of M. domestica on different substrates on its development and on the condition of the fat body. Vestn. Zool. 3: 73-79. 1975. LEGNER, E.F. & OLTON, G.S. Filth fly sources in decaying melon fields in southern California's low deserts. Calif. Agric. 29(12): 10-11. 1975. LEIKINA, L.I. The role of different substrates on the breeding of M. domestica. Med. Parasitol. 11: 82-86. 1942. L'VCHIEV, V.I. & TSANKOVA, R.N. Ecological investigations on coprobiontic Diptera in dunghills in the Sofia region. Ekol. Bulg. 7: 3-14. 1980. 60. MATTHIENSSEN, J.N.; HAYLES, L. & PALMER, M.J. As assessment of some methods for the bioassay of changes in cattle ding as insect food, using the bush fly. M. vetustissima Walker (D?ptera: Muscidae). Bull. Entomol . Res.74(3): 463-467 1984. MEYER, J.A.; CHRISTENSEN, C.M. & KNAPP, F.W. The influence of time of day, bovine manure type and distance from a barn on the recovery of face and house fly pupal. Environ. Entomol. 7: 246-8, 1978. MEYER, J.A.; CHRISTENSEN, C.M. & KNAPP, F.W. The influence of various levels of ground ear corn and alfalfa hay in the bovine diet on the development of face fly. Environ. Entomol. 7: 829-30, 1978. MILLER, B.F. & SHAW, J.H. Digestion of poultry manure by Diptera. Poult. Sei. 48: 1844, 1969. MILLER, B.F.; TEOTIA, J.S. & THATCHER, T.O. Digestion of poultry manure by M. domestica. Brit. Poult. Sei. 15(2): 231-234. 1974. POORBAUGH, J.H.; ANDERSON, J.R. & BURGER, J.F. The insects inhabitants of undisturbed catlle droppings in Northern California. Calif. Vector Views. 15: 17-35. 1968. PUTMAN, R.J. Carrion and Dung. The Decomposition of Animal Wastes. Studies in Biology. 156:59 pp. 1983. RABARI, P.M. & PATEL, R.C. House fly breeding intensity in various media during different seasons: a study around Anand 61. Campus. Gujarat Agricultural University. Res. J. 2(2): 87-91. 1977. RABARI, P.M. & PATEL, R.C. Breding of house fly M. domestica L. in different media in rural areas. Indian J. Ent. 39(2): 186- 188. 1977. SANDERS, D.P. & DOBSON, R.L. The insect complex associated with bovine manure in Indiana. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 59: 955-959. 1966. SNOWBALL, G.J. A consideration of the insect populations associated with cow dung at Crawley. W.A.J.R. Soc. West. Aust. 28: 219- 245. 1944. SYCHEVSKAYA, V.I. [Pasture flies (Diptera) of Uzbekistan]. Ent. Obozr. 56(1): 79-87. 1977. TEOTIA, J.S. & MILLER, B.F. Environmental conditions affecting development of house fly larvae in poultry man0ure. Environ. Entomol. 2(3): 329-333. TESKY, H.J. A review of the life history and habits of Musca autumnalis De Geer. (Diptera, Muscidae). Can. Entomol. 92: 360- 7. 1960. TREECE, R.E. Effect of bovine diet on face fly development. A preliminary report. 3. Econ. Entomol. 59: 153-156. 1966. VALIELA, I. The arthropod faune of bovine dung in central New York and sources on its natural history. J. N. Y. Ent. Soe. 77: 210-220. 1969. 62. WEST, L.S. The housefly its natural history, medical importance and control. Comstock Publishing Company. Ithaca. Nova York. 584 p. 1951. WINGO, C.W.; THOMAS, G.D.; CLARD, G.N. & MORGAN, C.E. Succession and abundance of insects in pasture manure relationship to face fly survied. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. 67: 386-90, 1974. ZVEREVA, E.L. Poultry droppings as habitat for coprobiont flies. Ent. Obozr. 61(3): 485-90. 1982. |
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