Avalia??o ecotoxicol?gica de res?duos da perfura??o petrol?fera em terra

• Autor(a) principal: Benazzi, Elo?sa dos Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2876
• topic: Toxicidade de mistura; Cloreto de s?dio; Ecotoxicologia terrestre; Toxicity of mixtures; Sodium chlorid; Terrestrial ecotoxicology; Agronomia

The demand of energy has as a consequence the increasing generation of residues from oil drilling cuttings.The oil industry searches viable andprofitable alternative to the management of this residues.Their usage as agricultural fertilizers and conditioners is presented as an option; however it is necessary to identify the feasibility of their usage.The ecotoxicological approach and the tests with terrestrial organisms are an important tool in determining the environmental toxicity of those wastes.With the aim of defining the environmental safety level of the oil drilling cuttings there were tested seven residues dosages from Dryer and Centrifugal equipments (0.25; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 3; 6%) in two soil materials, identified as tropical artificial soil and natural soil (soil samples from an Ultisol, collected in Serop?dica ? RJ). The tests performed to evaluate the soil habitat functions were: avoidance behavior and inhibition of reproduction, with earthworms (Eisenia andrei); reproduction inhibition with springtails and enchytraeids; and germination and growth of corn (Zea mays?monocot) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata? dicot)plants. Soil organisms were adversely affected by the drilling cuttings residues.The avoidance behavior indicated impairment of habitat functions at the dosage of 0.5% for both residues, regardless of the soil material.The reproduction of enchytraeids was inhibited, in the tropical artificial soil, even at the first dose of both residues.The reproduction of springtails was inhibited in the natural soil at the 0.25% dosage of Dryer residue, and at the 0.5% dosage of Centrifugal residue.In the plants teststhe corn was more sensitive to presence of residues in the germination, while the cowpea had the growth and nodulation affected by the residues application.The results were attributed to the high sodium concentration in the residues, and to the synergism among other constituents of residues, soil characteristics and test organisms.Given the results, it is not recommended the application of drilling cuttings as fertilizers and agricultural conditioners,and they should be restricted to proper disposal in designated areas.