Interfer?ncia do inibidor de enzimas do complexo citocromo P450 na efic?cia de misturas de herbicidas no controle de Digitaria insularis

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Gledson Soares de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
• Texto Completo: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/6165
• topic: Intera??o de herbicidas; Metaboliza??o; Malation; 2,4-D; Graminicidas; Herbicide interaction; Metabolization; Malathion; 2,4-D; Graminicides; Engenharia Agr?cola

The objective of this study is to investigate the interference of the inhibitor of the enzyme of the cytochrome P450 complex on the effectiveness of herbicide mixtures in the control of Digitaria insularis. One experiment was performed with replicate in a greenhouse located in the Universidade Federal Rural o Rio de Janeiro using D. insularis in the flowering stage. The experimental outlining was randomized blocks design in a factorial scheme 16x2+3, being the A factor, the control and the herbicides 2,4-D (1005 g ea.ha-1); clethodim (192 g ia.ha-1) and haloxyfop (62,4 g i.a. ha-1), applied alone, in mixture or applied sequentially at 0, 3, 6 and 12 days intervals. The B factor with or without malathion (1000 g ha-1), which was applied two hours prior to the herbicides and the additional treatments that represent the addition of the malathion in the spray mix. A physicochemical compatibility test was performed to verify the behavior of the pesticides when the mixture in the tank. Fluorescence analysis was collected in 7, 14 and 35 days after applications, Visual assessments of control were performed in 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days and shoot dry mass after collection of the experiments at 35 days. The data collected were submitted to the variance test ANOVA (p ? 0,05), being F significant, the data were submitted to the Scott-Knott test 5% probability. The statistical average from visual assessments of control was combined in control ranges. In respect of the spray mixtures with malathion, the visual assessments of control and shoot dry mass were submitted separated from the sequential sprays and the herbicides without malathion to Scott-Knott test. The results demonstrate that there was a reduction of the control when the 2,4-D was added with graminicides in the spray mix. The mixture between 2,4-D and clethodim showed a better performance in comparison with 2,4-D and haloxyfop, however, both mixtures were incompatible in the physic-chemical compatibility test according to NBR 13875:2014. It was also observed that, the malathion sprayed did not interfere with the control of the D. insularis. The treatments that the inhibitor was added in the spray mix, provide a similar or lesser control in comparison with the treatments without the presence of malathion. By the compatibility test, the mixtures with malathion do not have use restrictions and were classified as homogeneous under agitation. It is concluded that the malathion applied two hours prior to herbicides isolated, in mixtures or sequential spraying does not improve the control of the sourgrass, proving that the engaged enzymes in the antagonistic process between 2,4-D and graminicides herbicides used to control of the D. insularis