Síntese, caracterização e estrutural e óptica de compostos fosfato e fluoretos micro e nanoestruturados

• Autor(a) principal: Andrade, Adriano Borges
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5267
• topic: Física; Fosfato; Fluoretos; Propriedades ópticas; Propriedades estruturais; Síntese; Materiais nanoestruturados; CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA

The present work is focused on the structural, chemical and optical properties of phosphate and fluorides micro and nanoparticles. The phosphate material was the lanthanum lithium phosphate (LiLaP4O12), undoped and doped with 2mol% of europium. The fluorides were: barium fluoride (BaF2), lithium yttrium fluoride (LiYF4) and the potassium magnesium fluoride (KMgF3), where the last two were doped with 4mol% of europium, terbium, cerium and dysprosium ions. For LiLaP4O12, the Sol-Gel route was chosen as the synthesis method. The X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement were used to investigate the crystalline phase present in the samples. The morphology and particles size determination were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the results showed two types of particles, small isolated nanoparticles and regions showing agglomerates of particles. Photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra were used to identify the charge transfer band and the optical bandgap for LiLaP4O12. For fluoride materials, the synthesis method used was the hydrothermal assisted microwave route. X-ray diffraction analyses were done to confirm the crystalline phase formation. Rietveld refinement analyses in BaF2 showed that this material samples, in nanometric form, exhibited strong strain, and this observation was investigate via Williamson-Hall formalism. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used to study the morphology and particles size distribution in the fluoride materials. SEM results showed that the BaF2 and KMgF3 samples were formed by nanometric particles and the LiYF4 samples were formed by micrometric particles. Chemical properties of the fluorides materials were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) aiming the quantification of the oxygen present in the samples surface. The oxygen concentrations found were discussed in terms of the defects, like colour centres, produced in the matrix, of the fluoride materials. The electronic transitions of the dopant ions were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy, and in this part, the self-trapped exciton (STE), the exciton emission and the optical band gap were also estimated. The optical gap was found to be 10.5 eV for BaF2, 11.1 eV for LiYF4 and 12.1 eV for KMgF3. Additionally, studies related to the defects present at KMgF3 due to oxygen contaminant and dopant ions were carried out by thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL).