Efeito alelopático de Capim-vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty) e Capim-paspalum (Paspalum milegrana Schrad) provenientes de taludes da margem do Rio São Francisco

• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Érica Cardoso
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3015
• topic: Alelopatia; Vetiver; Paspalum; Taludes; Engenharia natural; Erosão alelopatia; Lactuca sativa L.; Natural engineering; Erosion; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS

Allelopathy is a biochemical interaction mechanism among plants that is considered a form of defensive chemical plant adaptation. Produced by a plant, biomolecules are released, on this phenomenon, into the environment and they influence the growth and development of the neighboring plants. The seed germination and early development of seedlings are used to evaluate the allelopathic effect and is often used plant extracts or isolated allelochemicals. The test plants are Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty and Paspalum millegrana Schrad species, aromatic medicinal plants of the Poaceae family. They were introduced on San Francisco waterfront aimed at increasing soil cohesion and stabilization of the slope, however it was possible to realize few species develop in the stretch where vetiver was introduced, signaling possible allelopathic effects. The study also was done with the native plant paspalum, because vetiver is an exotic plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty and Paspalum millegrana Schrad species in Lactuca sativa L. seed-tests. Aqueous extracts were prepared of two techniques (maceration and infusion), from the aerial part and the root in three concentrations, 1%, 3% and 5%, for both species, totaling 25 treatments. The physical and chemical parameters of the extracts by pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total soluble sugars (TS) and chromatographic profiles were analyzed. Germination tests were carried out in quadruplicate with 50 seeds to with gearbox, in according to RAS recommendations. For each treatment, it was calculated the germination percentage (% G), the germination speed index (GSI), the percentage of the first germination count (PCG%), the mean germination time (MGT), and the length of the aerial part (CPA), roots (CR) and the embryonic axis (EEC) lettuce seedlings. We used the Scott-Knott mean test at 5% probability and the design was completely randomized. The pH, EC and AST parameters in extracts showed normal. It could be observed with the chromatographic profiles, the existence and variability in relation to the concentrations and types of flavonoids in treatments. There was a statistical difference among the means of the %PCG, %G, IVG and TMG. The lowest percentages of PCG were obtained with aqueous extracts of vetiver root in the three concentrations, for both techniques, and the aqueous extract of the root of paspalum 1% maceration. The lower %G and IVG was obtained with the aqueous extract of 1% vetiver root, followed by concentrations of 3 and 5% and the aqueous extract paspalum root of 1%, all by maceration. There was also a statistical difference among the average of the CPA, CR and CEE. The aqueous extracts of vetiver grass and paspalum grass revealed allelopathic potential showing different responses (inhibition or promotion).