Caracterização morfométrica de abelhas uruçu (Melipona scutellaris, Latreille, 1811) em meliponários da Região Nordeste

• Autor(a) principal: Pinto, Hanna Angélica Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4477
• topic: Abelha; Abelha sem ferrão; Melipona scutellaris); Morfologia animal; Morfometria geométrica; Assimetria; Melipona ; Bee; Brazil, Northeast; Morphology (Animals); Stingless bees; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

This study aimed to identify the morphometric population structure in Melipona scutellaris creations in the states of Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, which are inserted into the natural range of the species in northeastern Brazil. Added to this were evaluated possible differences in stress levels reflected in morphometric variation in colonies reared in boxes rational and tenement, providing information that may contribute to the proper management and conservation of these native bees. The study was conducted between March 2012 and April 2013, covering the states of Bahia, Sergipe, Alagoas, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, where 645 workers forage were collected from 110 colonies. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) was performed resulting in three distinct groups by determining the cutoff point. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) was performed resulting in three distinct groups by determining the cutoff point. Multivariate analyzes were performed using MANOVA canonical variables, which were calculated Procrustes distance and centroid size. The results of this analysis showed population divergence between states limited by geographical barriers or great distances which ratified what had been previously observed in the UPGMA analysis. The variation between colonies of the five states was higher than the colonies within states, in most cases, Geometric Morphometrics The approach was effective in identifying the source of the colonies transported to other states, which was observed in the validation analysis cross where there was more than 70% accurate in classi. The approach of Geometric Morphometrics can later be used to evaluate the introduction of colonies within the kindred meliponary, thus contributing to increased genetic variability of the breeding population.Fluctuating asymmetry analyzes were performed to evaluate stress between rational creations in boxes and tenements, using a Procrustes ANOVA and showed fluctuating asymmetry for both form, as to size in the two study sites, regardless of the material creation. However, the beehive colony created showed an asymmetry index larger floating with respect to rational colonies boxes. These results show that this stress mode rational handling of boxes is larger and has greater influence on the appearance of FA. Was also observed, using a MANOVA analysis of canonical variables, the group formed by colonies reared in tenement showed greater variability than colonies reared in boxes INPA rational model, which suggests that the process of dividing colonies decreases genetic diversity of beehives with the rational use of boxes while tenements are more directly related to the gene pool of natural populations. It was concluded that despite the collaboration in the conservation of species of native bees, beekeeping still need to adjust their management procedures not to affect the performance of breeding colonies, as well as knowing the origin of the colonies that are introduced in order to avoid the decrease meliponary genetic diversity and the appearance of fluctuating asymmetry in the colonies of beehives.