Pirólise da biomassa residual da acerola (Malpighia emarginata) e avaliação de seus produtos

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Jefferson David Oliveira da
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/17795
• topic: Engenharia química; Pirólise; Resíduos industriais; Carvão; Óleos e gorduras; Resíduo; Acerola; Biocarvão; Bio-óleo; Pyrolysis; Residue; Acerola; Biochar; Bio oil; ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA

Brazil stands out as one of the largest world powers in the agribusiness sector, and with the increase of production capacity, a huge amount of waste is generated that cause serious environmental problems. The acerola is evidenced as one of the fruits of growing and important commercialization, contributing significantly to regional development through the export of concentrated powder product. Thus, in order to minimize the environmental impacts caused by the local fruit processing industry, the present work evaluated the use of industrial waste generated by pyrolysis in continuous rotary cylinder reactor at temperatures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 ºC to obtain of biochar and bio-oil. Biomass and biochars were characterized using techniques such as immediate and elemental analysis, pH, HHV, FTIR, TG/DTG, nitrogen adsorption (BET), EDX and SEM. The produced bio-oils were studied in relation to their characteristics through elemental analysis, HHV, FTIR and mass spectrometry gas chromatography (GC/MS). Batch adsorption tests of methylene blue dye were also performed with the purpose of evaluating the adsorbing capacity of the obtained biochars. Biomass characterization showed that the residue has low moisture content (6.86 ± 0.37) and ash (2.65 ± 0.24), as well as high amounts of volatile matter (79.74 ± 0.76) making the material study cousin fit for the pyrolytic process. The biochar yield fell from 86.2% at 300 ºC to 28.6% at 600 ºC, while the maximum bio-oil yield was 7.6% at 500 ºC. The results indicated an increase in carbonization and aromaticity along with a decrease in the polarity of biochars produced at higher temperatures, giving the potential material for agronomic use and carbon sequestration. As the pyrolytic temperature increased from 300 to 600 ºC, the biochars became more alkaline and showed a significant increase in their surface area, increasing from 9.81 to 272 m2 .g-1. The bio-oils presented similar composition, but the process temperature influenced the relative percentages of the present compounds. The main chemical classes identified in bio-oils were phenols and acids, evidencing the possibility of their use in the synthesis of important chemicals. The experimental data of the methylene blue dye adsorption assays were adjusted by the pseudo-second order kinetic model and well represented by the Freundlich isotherm, with the biochar produced at 500 ºC presenting the highest value of maximum adsorption capacity (123.457 mg.g-1). The pyrolysis of acerola industrial waste proved to be a promising route for obtaining biomaterials with diversified potentials of technological application.