Comportamento mecânico e hídrico de um argissolo amarelo de tabuleiros costeiros cultivado com cana-de-açúcar

• Autor(a) principal: Farias, Ismar Lima de
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6647
• topic: Densidade do solo; Resistência à penetração; Horizonte coeso; Intervalo hídrico ótimo; Soil density; Penetration resistance; Compact horizons; Limiting water range; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The Coastal Tableland ecosystem is of great importance for the Brazilian Northeast region being mainly cultivated with the sugar cane crop. This ecosystem has soils with cohesive layer of geogenic origin presenting a dense layer that can became denser by an intensive use of agricultural machines and implements under insufficient soil moisture. The development and deepening of roots are restricted by this dense layer that reduce the water infiltration and availability in the soil profile, that associated to dry season periods has as a result the decrease of crops productivity and longevity. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the mechanical and hydraulic behavior of a Yellow Ultisol of the Alagoas coastal tablelands cultivated with sugar cane. Soil volumes were taken between 0,0 0,20m; 0.20 0.40m and 0.40 60m, representing respectively the Ap, AB and Bt horizons of a Yellow Ultisol of the Progresso Farm belonging to Coruripe Sugar Mill, and used in the laboratories trials. Treatments were composed by different soil densities, obtained by test bodies inside volumetric rings from soil volumes with preserved structure. The bodies test were submitted to laboratory resistance and penetration essays, with moisture referred to the tensions used in the construction of the characteristic curves of soil moisture retention used by the Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Soil Physic Laboratory. The Ap horizon does not present restriction to root development in view the laboratory penetration resistance (LPR) did not reach the limiting considered value. The critical Ds of AB and Bt horizons under disturbed soil were respectively 1.844 Mg m-3 and 1.628 Mg m-3. In undisturbed soil it was observed a critical Ds of respectively 1.617 Mg m-3 and 1.619 Mg m-3 for the same horizons. However, the Ds where root development by θrp ≥ 2000 kPa restriction began, was 1.609 Mg m-3 for disturbed soil and 1.494 Mg m-3 for undisturbed soil in the 0.20 m 0.40 m layer; in the 0.40 0.60 m layer the Ds was 1.453 Mg m-3 and 1.273 Mg m-3 respectively for undisturbed and disturbed soil. Soil disturbance showed to be benefic on the mechanic and hydraulic behavior of soil for the AB and Bt horizons of the Yellow Ultisol even keeping the same density, suggesting the necessity of new studies, mainly in field, to point out the soil most adequate management for crop progress.