Avaliação de alterações pulmonares na leishmaniose visceral humana

• Autor(a) principal: Bispo, Ana Jovina Barreto
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3882
• topic: Leishmaniose visceral; Doença pulmonar; Intersticial; Espirometria; Visceral leishmaniasis; Lung disease; Interstitial; Spirometry; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a serious zoonosis large incidence worldwide. It is characterized by systemic involvement and high potential lethality. The lung, as well as any other body, may be involved in its pathogenesis. Cough is a symptom described frequently in symptomatic forms of LV, but little studied. The main pulmonary alterations described are histological and immunological characterized by a inflammatory response predominantly interstitial and Th2 immune pattern. There is a gap involving lung function in patients of this disease This study has a cross-sectional design, aimed to describe the symptoms and pulmonary radiology, and also determine the frequency of spirometric alterations in patients with LV, through the realization of clinical evaluation, physical examination, chest radiography and spirometry in patients with diagnosis of VL during hospitalization. The study included 33 patients admitted to the University Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe in the period July 2013 to July 2014. The sample was characterized as follows: half of the patients had age up to 14 years; were predominantly male (72.7%); most of the patients were residents of the state capital (42.2%); 87.9% of subjects had nutritional diagnosis of normal weight; the median time between symptom onset and hospitalization was 30 days. Respiratory symptoms was cough observed in 13 patients (39.4%), tachypnea in four (12.1%), hemoptysis in two (6%). Chest radiography was considered abnormal in four (12%) patients. Spirometry showed 56.3% frequency of spirometric alterations and average FEV1, FVC, FEV1 / FVC, FEF 25-75% below the expected values. The predominant lung disease was the restrictive (37.5%), followed by mixed disorder (12.5%) and obstructive disorder (6.3%). The frequency of respiratory symptoms shows pulmonary involvement in LV. The average of the measured values of FVC and FEV1 significantly lower compared to the average of the predicted values and the high percentage of spirometric alterations demonstrate the presence of functional disorders in the respiratory system. The prevalence of restrictive lung disease may be related to the main pulmonary abnormality described in LV, the interstitial lung disease.