Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFS |
Texto Completo: | https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/18489 |
Resumo: | Brazil still does not have a consolidated National Forest Policy and its main Native Vegetation Protection Law is the Forest Code, updated in 2012 (Law No. 12,651 of 2012). The revision of this Law was surrounded by a series of conflicting discussions and promotions of changes classified as setbacks for forest protection in the country, especially the flexibilities of amnesty to deforesters, the reductions in the protection of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and the extinction of the obligation to recover the Legal Reserve (LR) in small properties measured by the Fiscal Module. Despite the progress in establishing control instruments such as the Rural Environmental Registry, Environmental Recovery Plan and the Easement Quotas, regional difficulties are still observed in the implementation and monitoring of the instruments provided by law. Therefore, this research presented as problematic that the current criteria for implementation of regulatory instruments, PPAs and LR, are not sufficiently adequate for the definition of forest protection areas, as they are placed in the current norm. Thus the general objective of the research was to develop a multicriteria spatial model for the definition of priority areas for forest protection considering the Hydrographic Basin (HB) as an ideal Planning Unit (PU), as proposed in the National Water Resources Policy. To obtain the results, the Japaratuba-SE Hydrographic Basin was adopted as an experimental area and the following methodologies were used: a systematic review of the bibliographical production on the basin and the adoption of Strategic Environmental Assessment methods -SEA for the definition of Critical Decision Factors - CDF. Starting from the identified CDF and based on the specialized literature, nine criteria were selected and evaluated for the definition of forest protection areas: Proximity to hydrologic network; Proximity to protected areas; Soil erodibility (K factor); LS factor (declivity); Forest fragmentation; Groundwater recharge potential; Water balance; Mining activities; Distance from urban areas. The criteria were submitted to a Multicriteria Evaluation, for this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP methods were adopted, and for the map algebra the Weighted Linear Combination - WLC, resulting in the final synthesis map that represented a spatial model of priority areas for forest protection in the studied basin. A comparative analysis between the elaborated model and the provisions of the current law of protection of native vegetation (Forest Code) was also performed. The results showed that the selected criteria were adequate for the application of the prioritization process for forest protection areas. The basin has a high degree of deforestation, especially in riparian areas, only 14% of the riparian forests are preserved and there has also been an increase of 382% in water demand in the basin in the last 8 years. The intense use and occupation of the soil predominantly occupied by pastures and agricultural mosaics (84.1%) is one of the main pressure factors on the forest cover. The model indicated that about 36% of the total basin area should maintain and or recover its forest cover for future Sustainability, out of which only 8.9% of the areas still have forest cover, requiring recovery of 25.1% of the total area. However, when the scenario of the provisions of the current Forest Code is calculated, only 11.6% of the area would need to maintain its forest cover, according to the regulatory instruments APPs and RLs. This result demonstrated that the rules of the Code, when applied independently of other criteria, are insufficient to promote the sustainability of forest protection in the studied basin. The territorial model applied proved to be satisfactory and adequate for the context of river basins as planning units, and can be replicated to define macro-planning guidelines in other basins, adopting regional scales and observing the Critical Decision Factors for the area to be studied. |
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Santos, Carla Zoaid Alves dosGomes, Laura JaneMello Júnior, Arisvaldo Vieira2023-10-10T22:02:00Z2023-10-10T22:02:00Z2023-03-02SANTOS, Carla Zoaid Alves dos. Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE. 2023. 198 f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2023.https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/18489Brazil still does not have a consolidated National Forest Policy and its main Native Vegetation Protection Law is the Forest Code, updated in 2012 (Law No. 12,651 of 2012). The revision of this Law was surrounded by a series of conflicting discussions and promotions of changes classified as setbacks for forest protection in the country, especially the flexibilities of amnesty to deforesters, the reductions in the protection of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and the extinction of the obligation to recover the Legal Reserve (LR) in small properties measured by the Fiscal Module. Despite the progress in establishing control instruments such as the Rural Environmental Registry, Environmental Recovery Plan and the Easement Quotas, regional difficulties are still observed in the implementation and monitoring of the instruments provided by law. Therefore, this research presented as problematic that the current criteria for implementation of regulatory instruments, PPAs and LR, are not sufficiently adequate for the definition of forest protection areas, as they are placed in the current norm. Thus the general objective of the research was to develop a multicriteria spatial model for the definition of priority areas for forest protection considering the Hydrographic Basin (HB) as an ideal Planning Unit (PU), as proposed in the National Water Resources Policy. To obtain the results, the Japaratuba-SE Hydrographic Basin was adopted as an experimental area and the following methodologies were used: a systematic review of the bibliographical production on the basin and the adoption of Strategic Environmental Assessment methods -SEA for the definition of Critical Decision Factors - CDF. Starting from the identified CDF and based on the specialized literature, nine criteria were selected and evaluated for the definition of forest protection areas: Proximity to hydrologic network; Proximity to protected areas; Soil erodibility (K factor); LS factor (declivity); Forest fragmentation; Groundwater recharge potential; Water balance; Mining activities; Distance from urban areas. The criteria were submitted to a Multicriteria Evaluation, for this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP methods were adopted, and for the map algebra the Weighted Linear Combination - WLC, resulting in the final synthesis map that represented a spatial model of priority areas for forest protection in the studied basin. A comparative analysis between the elaborated model and the provisions of the current law of protection of native vegetation (Forest Code) was also performed. The results showed that the selected criteria were adequate for the application of the prioritization process for forest protection areas. The basin has a high degree of deforestation, especially in riparian areas, only 14% of the riparian forests are preserved and there has also been an increase of 382% in water demand in the basin in the last 8 years. The intense use and occupation of the soil predominantly occupied by pastures and agricultural mosaics (84.1%) is one of the main pressure factors on the forest cover. The model indicated that about 36% of the total basin area should maintain and or recover its forest cover for future Sustainability, out of which only 8.9% of the areas still have forest cover, requiring recovery of 25.1% of the total area. However, when the scenario of the provisions of the current Forest Code is calculated, only 11.6% of the area would need to maintain its forest cover, according to the regulatory instruments APPs and RLs. This result demonstrated that the rules of the Code, when applied independently of other criteria, are insufficient to promote the sustainability of forest protection in the studied basin. The territorial model applied proved to be satisfactory and adequate for the context of river basins as planning units, and can be replicated to define macro-planning guidelines in other basins, adopting regional scales and observing the Critical Decision Factors for the area to be studied.O Brasil ainda não possui uma Política Nacional de Florestas consolidada e a sua principal Lei de proteção a vegetação nativa é o Código Florestal, atualizado em 2012 (Lei n° 12.651 de 2012). A revisão dessa Lei foi rodeada de uma série de discussões conflitantes e promoções de alterações classificadas como retrocessos para a proteção florestal no país, especialmente as flexibilizações da anistia aos desmatadores, as reduções quanto à proteção das faixas de Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) e a extinção da obrigatoriedade de recuperação da Reserva Legal (RL) em pequenas propriedades mensuradas pelo Módulo Fiscal. Apesar do avanço no estabelecimento de instrumentos de controle tais como o Cadastro Ambiental Rural, Plano de Recuperação Ambiental e as Cotas de Servidão, ainda se observa dificuldades regionais para a implantação e monitoramento dos instrumentos que a lei dispõe. Diante disso, a presente pesquisa apresentou como problemática que os atuais critérios de implantação dos instrumentos regulatórios, APPs e RL, não são suficientemente adequados para a definição das áreas de proteção florestal, tais como estão colocados na atual norma. Com isso o objetivo geral da pesquisa foi desenvolver um modelo espacial multicritério para a definição de áreas prioritárias para a proteção florestal considerando a Bacia Hidrográfica (BH) como Unidade de Planejamento (UP) ideal, conforme proposto na Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos. Para obtenção dos resultados adotou-se a Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Japaratuba – (SE) como área experimental e as seguintes metodologias foram utilizadas: revisão sistemática da produção bibliográfica sobre a bacia e adoção de métodos da Avaliação Ambiental Estratégica – (AAE) para definição de Fatores Críticos de Decisão – (FCD). Partindo-se dos FCD identificados e com base na literatura especializada foram selecionados e avaliados nove critérios para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal: Proximidade a rede hídrica; Proximidade as áreas protegidas; Erodibilidade do solo (fator K); Fator LS (declividade); Fragmentação florestal; Potencial de recarga subterrânea; Balanço hídrico; Atividades de mineração; Distância de áreas urbanas. Os critérios foram submetidos a uma Avaliação Multicritério para isso adotou-se os métodos Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP e para a álgebra de mapa a Combinação Linear Ponderada – (CLP), resultando no mapa síntese final que representou um modelo espacial de áreas prioritárias para a proteção florestal na bacia estudada. Os resultados demonstraram que os critérios selecionados foram adequados para aplicação do processo de priorização de áreas para a proteção florestal. A bacia apresenta um alto grau de desflorestamento especialmente nas zonas ripárias, apenas 14% das matas ciliares estão conservadas e houve também um aumento de 382% da demanda hídrica nos últimos oito anos. O intenso uso e ocupação do solo predominantemente ocupado por pastagens e mosaicos de agricultura (84,1%) é um dos principais fatores de pressão sobre a cobertura florestal. Com base nos critérios adotados o modelo indicou que cerca de 36% da área total da bacia devem manter e ou recuperar a sua cobertura florestal para sustentabilidade futura, sendo que desse percentual apenas 8,9% das áreas ainda apresentam cobertura florestal, necessitando promover a recuperação em 25,1% da área total. No entanto, quando calculado o cenário das disposições do Código Florestal vigente, apenas 11,6% da bacia precisaria manter a sua cobertura florestal, conforme os instrumentos regulatórios APPs e RLs. Esse resultado demonstrou que as regras do Código quando aplicadas independente de outros critérios é insuficiente para promover a sustentabilidade da proteção florestal na bacia estudada. O modelo territorial aplicado mostrou-se satisfatório e adequado para o contexto das bacias hidrográficas como unidades de planejamento, podendo ser replicado para definição de diretrizes de macroplanejamentos em outras bacias, adotando-se escalas regionais e observando-se os Fatores Críticos de Decisão para área a ser estudada.São CristóvãoporMeio ambienteDesenvolvimento sustentávelFlorestasBiomasBacias hidrográficasRio Japaratuba (SE)Proteção ambientalCódigo florestalAnálise multicritérioSistema de informações geográficasProteção florestalForest codeMulticriteria analysisGeographic information systemForest protectionOUTROSAnálise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SEinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisPós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio AmbienteUniversidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSinstname:Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)instacron:UFSinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81475https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/18489/1/license.txt098cbbf65c2c15e1fb2e49c5d306a44cMD51ORIGINALCARLA_ZOAID_ALVES_SANTOS.pdfCARLA_ZOAID_ALVES_SANTOS.pdfapplication/pdf12773270https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/bitstream/riufs/18489/2/CARLA_ZOAID_ALVES_SANTOS.pdf0797d57bdbf86635f2a004c1a49a1ca0MD52riufs/184892023-10-10 19:02:05.677oai:ufs.br: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Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://ri.ufs.br/oai/requestrepositorio@academico.ufs.bropendoar:2023-10-10T22:02:05Repositório Institucional da UFS - Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
title |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
spellingShingle |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE Santos, Carla Zoaid Alves dos Meio ambiente Desenvolvimento sustentável Florestas Biomas Bacias hidrográficas Rio Japaratuba (SE) Proteção ambiental Código florestal Análise multicritério Sistema de informações geográficas Proteção florestal Forest code Multicriteria analysis Geographic information system Forest protection OUTROS |
title_short |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
title_full |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
title_fullStr |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
title_full_unstemmed |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
title_sort |
Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE |
author |
Santos, Carla Zoaid Alves dos |
author_facet |
Santos, Carla Zoaid Alves dos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Carla Zoaid Alves dos |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Gomes, Laura Jane |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Mello Júnior, Arisvaldo Vieira |
contributor_str_mv |
Gomes, Laura Jane Mello Júnior, Arisvaldo Vieira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Meio ambiente Desenvolvimento sustentável Florestas Biomas Bacias hidrográficas Rio Japaratuba (SE) Proteção ambiental Código florestal Análise multicritério Sistema de informações geográficas Proteção florestal |
topic |
Meio ambiente Desenvolvimento sustentável Florestas Biomas Bacias hidrográficas Rio Japaratuba (SE) Proteção ambiental Código florestal Análise multicritério Sistema de informações geográficas Proteção florestal Forest code Multicriteria analysis Geographic information system Forest protection OUTROS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Forest code Multicriteria analysis Geographic information system Forest protection |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
OUTROS |
description |
Brazil still does not have a consolidated National Forest Policy and its main Native Vegetation Protection Law is the Forest Code, updated in 2012 (Law No. 12,651 of 2012). The revision of this Law was surrounded by a series of conflicting discussions and promotions of changes classified as setbacks for forest protection in the country, especially the flexibilities of amnesty to deforesters, the reductions in the protection of the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) and the extinction of the obligation to recover the Legal Reserve (LR) in small properties measured by the Fiscal Module. Despite the progress in establishing control instruments such as the Rural Environmental Registry, Environmental Recovery Plan and the Easement Quotas, regional difficulties are still observed in the implementation and monitoring of the instruments provided by law. Therefore, this research presented as problematic that the current criteria for implementation of regulatory instruments, PPAs and LR, are not sufficiently adequate for the definition of forest protection areas, as they are placed in the current norm. Thus the general objective of the research was to develop a multicriteria spatial model for the definition of priority areas for forest protection considering the Hydrographic Basin (HB) as an ideal Planning Unit (PU), as proposed in the National Water Resources Policy. To obtain the results, the Japaratuba-SE Hydrographic Basin was adopted as an experimental area and the following methodologies were used: a systematic review of the bibliographical production on the basin and the adoption of Strategic Environmental Assessment methods -SEA for the definition of Critical Decision Factors - CDF. Starting from the identified CDF and based on the specialized literature, nine criteria were selected and evaluated for the definition of forest protection areas: Proximity to hydrologic network; Proximity to protected areas; Soil erodibility (K factor); LS factor (declivity); Forest fragmentation; Groundwater recharge potential; Water balance; Mining activities; Distance from urban areas. The criteria were submitted to a Multicriteria Evaluation, for this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process - AHP methods were adopted, and for the map algebra the Weighted Linear Combination - WLC, resulting in the final synthesis map that represented a spatial model of priority areas for forest protection in the studied basin. A comparative analysis between the elaborated model and the provisions of the current law of protection of native vegetation (Forest Code) was also performed. The results showed that the selected criteria were adequate for the application of the prioritization process for forest protection areas. The basin has a high degree of deforestation, especially in riparian areas, only 14% of the riparian forests are preserved and there has also been an increase of 382% in water demand in the basin in the last 8 years. The intense use and occupation of the soil predominantly occupied by pastures and agricultural mosaics (84.1%) is one of the main pressure factors on the forest cover. The model indicated that about 36% of the total basin area should maintain and or recover its forest cover for future Sustainability, out of which only 8.9% of the areas still have forest cover, requiring recovery of 25.1% of the total area. However, when the scenario of the provisions of the current Forest Code is calculated, only 11.6% of the area would need to maintain its forest cover, according to the regulatory instruments APPs and RLs. This result demonstrated that the rules of the Code, when applied independently of other criteria, are insufficient to promote the sustainability of forest protection in the studied basin. The territorial model applied proved to be satisfactory and adequate for the context of river basins as planning units, and can be replicated to define macro-planning guidelines in other basins, adopting regional scales and observing the Critical Decision Factors for the area to be studied. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-10T22:02:00Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-10-10T22:02:00Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2023-03-02 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
SANTOS, Carla Zoaid Alves dos. Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE. 2023. 198 f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2023. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/18489 |
identifier_str_mv |
SANTOS, Carla Zoaid Alves dos. Análise multicritério como instrumento para a definição de áreas de proteção florestal na bacia hidrográfica do rio Japaratuba - SE. 2023. 198 f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, 2023. |
url |
https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/18489 |
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por |
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Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) |
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