Relação entre atividade física e prevalência de transtornos alimentares e de imagem corporal na mulher

• Autor(a) principal: Santana, Felipe Pinheiro
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/14821
• topic: Exercícios físicos; Imagem corporal; Atletas; Distúrbios alimentares; Physical exercises; Body image; athletes; Eating disorders

INTRODUCTION: Regular practice of physical activity is closely related to improved health and quality of life benefits, as well as assisting in the treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, and is therefore indicated as an adjunctive treatment in association with other therapies, as described by Gullete and Blumenthal in 1996. From another perspective, some individuals may engage in physical activity in an irrational and inappropriate manner, excessively or compulsively, being a sign of a pathological situation and causing damage to their health. In 1987, Veale described excessive / compulsive physical activity as a symptom secondary to an Eating Disorder (ED). Thus, physical exercise may be one of the means used by individuals with AT for weight loss / control, occupying important space as a strategy for this. OBJECTIVES: This work aims to make a list of the predominance of food upsets and of physical image in different groups of practicing women of physical activity, according to the quantity, intensity and demand of the exercise (athletes of high profit, apprentices of regular physical activity, apprentices of eventual physical activity). METHODS: Cross-sectional, qualitative, analytical study with a convenience sample, conducted with physical activity practitioners, athletes and non-athletes, all between 18 and 29 years old, from July to September 2019, from the application of two online questionnaires, via Google Forms, validated internationally, upon prior acceptance of the Informed Consent (IC). The two self-administered questionnaires are Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), which assists in the screening of potential eating disorder patients, and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), which measures the degree of dissatisfaction with body image. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A total of 122 women practicing physical activity participated in the research. The average age was 23 years. 19.68% were athletes, 40.16% were regular practitioners, 40.16% were occasional practitioners. In the overall result, EAT-26 showed that 32.7% of participants had eating behaviors at risk for eating disorder. For the results of the BSQ, 55.7% of respondents are dissatisfied with their body image. In order to compare the groups regarding the level of risk for eating disorder and the level of body dissatisfaction, it was agreed to calculate the average test score: EAT-26: athletes (19.8), regular practitioners (17.2), occasional practitioners (14,3). BSQ: athletes (88.0), regular practitioners (92.9), occasional practitioners (106.6). CONCLUSION: The athletes are those with the highest risk behavior for eating disorder among the physical activity practitioners, in contrast are the ones with the least body dissatisfaction. 4 The practitioners of occasional physical activity are those with the lowest risk behavior for eating disorder and those with the highest level of body dissatisfaction. The practitioners of regular physical activity remained the average of the study. High EAT-26 scores in all bodybuilding athletes confirm literature data of the higher propensity of ATs in activities involving body aesthetics and high BSQ scores may not only indicate body dissatisfaction but body image distortion in these. Therefore, it is clear the importance of the debate about psychic factors related to the environment in which the individual is exposed - pressure for income, modernity, media action, social standards - that can lead the patient with AT to look for physical activity every time. more exhaustive.