Música como recurso terapêutico na assistência de enfermagem a vítimas de queimaduras

• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Lidiane Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4988
• topic: Enfermagem; Queimaduras; Dor; Analgesia; Música; Burns; Pain; Analgesia; Music; Nursing; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Introduction: Burns are injuries affecting the physical and emotional life of individuals, family, and community. The pain is one of the main reported symptoms by the patient with burns, and its handling is a still a challenge for the health team. In this sense, it is aimed to study the music as an adjuvant therapy for pain treatment in this population. Objectives: to identify the socio-demographic and health profile of victims of burns assisted in a burning treatment unit; to know the events’ characteristics and the main prescribed painkiller in the emergency unit; to describe the effect of music in the pain of victims with burns during dressing changing, as its intensity, quality and defined characteristics of the nursing diagnosis of acute pain, according to the taxonomy II of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. Method: This is an applied, descriptive, exploratory research with a quantitative approach, held between October 2015 and May 2016 in the Burn Care Unit of the Emergency Hospital of Sergipe. The sample was 16burn victims who had dressings of their injuries in hospitalization beds and took analgesics 30 minutes before the procedure. The subjects were randomized into three groups: A: patients who listened to music before the dressing; B: patients who listened to music during the dressing; C: patients who did not listen to music. The patient could choice the music. Results: the average age of the participants was 31,8 years old (±14,1). Most of them were male (62,5%), single (43,8%), brown (68,8%) and economically (75,0%). The burn injuries were mainly of second degree (93,8%) affecting lower limbs (68,8%). The burn average body area was 15,8% (±11,5). The burning circumstances occurred mostly at the patients’ home (50,0%), on Sundays (25,0%) during the morning (37,5%) and evening (37,5%). The main etiologic agent was the alcohol (31,3%). All patients took painkiller in the emergency unit, even only a few of them reported the pain (18,8%). Dipyrone (93,8%) and Tramadol (56,3%) were the most prescribed medicines. During the research, most music were religious (50,0%). The interventions with music reduced the average cardiac frequencies and oxygen saturation. However, it did nor changed ventilatory frequencies. A decrease on the average of pain was observed in the groups GB (p = 0,0505) and GC (p = 0,0055). During the dressing, the burning sensation was a unanimous characteristic in all the subjects, as the self-report of the defined characteristic of the North American Nursing Diagnoses Association. Conclusion: The young men, unmarried, brown skin color and economically active are the main affected by burns, occurring mainly at home, on Sundays and in the morning and evening shifts, besides having alcohol as the predominant etiological agent. Second-degree and lower-limb lesions were the majority. Pain was a frequent symptom in this population, characterized as burning and manifested it through verbal reporting, independently of musical listening. All patients received analgesia in the emergency unit, with emphasis on Dipyrone and Tramadol. In the Burns Treatment Unit, music proved to be an effective non-pharmacological resource for pain relief, since it helped in the control of vital signs, reducing the average of pain intensity.