Qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (VELL.) Morong, submetidas ao armazenamento

• Autor(a) principal: Torres, Maria Fernanda Oliveira
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/11725
• topic: Sementes; Fisiologia vegetal; Diversidade biológica; Armazenamento de sementes; Conservação de biodiversidade; Vigor de sementes; Viabilidade de sementes; Raios X; Tamboril; Biodiversity conservation; Seed vigor; Seed viability; X–rays; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS

The physiological quality of seeds is of fundamental importance, since they are liable to deteriorate during storage. However, there are conservation techniques that can minimize this deterioration. Seed storage is an alternative method for the conservation of plant biodiversity, since if it is carried out in an adequate way, it can maintain the viability and the vigor of the seeds. The present work was carried out with the objective of evaluating the physical and the physiological qualities of six lots of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seeds that were stored for different periods in cold rooms. For the evaluations, their imbibition curves, their water content, their seed viability and vigor, their seed integrity by X-rays and the amount and the dissimilar qualities of their RNA were all determined. Their physiological qualities were determined by evaluating their percentages of radicle emissions, quantifying the normal and abnormal seedlings, measuring their speed germination index (SGI), as well as appraising the percentages of the deteriorated seeds. The results were submitted to an analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey's test and Scott-Knott's test at 5%. Through the embedded curves, it was observed that the 1st and 2nd phases differed from the common three-phase pattern. The water content of the seeds ranged from 4.6% to 16.01%. It was observed that the lot that was stored for 10 years (2007) presented an 83% emission of radicles, together with 38% of the normal seedlings. The lots that were stored for 1 and 5 years showed a similar germinative behavior among themselves, with the highest values of SGI being statistically superior to the other lots. By means of the X-ray tests, it was possible to identify and to quantify the filled, damage, malformed, translucent and empty seeds. The lots that were stored for 1, 5, 9 and 10 years presented percentages of 78%, 82%, 42% and 38% of normal seedlings, while the lots for 6 and 7 years presented 0% and 6%, respectively. It was possible to store the seeds for up to ten years, under the conditions that were studied. However, it was very necessary to consider the storage conditions, as well as the initial water content of the seeds. It is to be recommended that Enterolobium contortisiliquum seeds should be stored with a water content of less than or equal to 6%.