Perfil químico e avaliação do potencial antimicrobiano de óleos essenciais de plantas medicinais da família Lamiaceae

• Autor(a) principal: Neo, Giovanna Gabrielle de Andrade
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/7457
• topic: Plantas medicinais; Lamiaceae; Óleo essencial; Composição química; Atividade antimicrobiana; Medicinal Plants; Chemical compo; Antimicrobian activity; Essential oil; Lamiaceae family

The use of medicinal plants for therapeutic purposes is one of the oldest forms of medicinal practice of mankind. Essential oils and extracts have been used as a product to investigate the antimicrobial activity of different medicinal plants. Among the plants commonly used by the population are those belonging to the Lamiaceae family. The present study aimed to study the chemical and microbiological profile of the essential oils of Plectranthus amboinicus, Plectranthus barbatus, Ocimum basilicum and Hyptis pectinata. The vegetal material used was collected in the Garden of Medicinal Plants in Lagarto/SE and the extraction of the essential oils was carried out by hydrodistillation. The analysis and identification of volatile compounds was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Through the calculation of the Kovats indices and by comparison of the data generated with those of the literature it was possible to perform the chemical characterization of the essential oils. Antimicrobial assays were performed in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth using the serial dilution technique in tubes, whose concentrations ranged from 0.09 mg/mL to 2.95 mg/mL against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In the antimicrobial assays, the essential oil of Plectranthus amboinicus showed higher activity among the oils tested, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.09 mg / mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.18 mg / mL against Escherichia coli. The chemical analyzes carried out with the essential oils presented the ß-caryophyllene as the major constituent of the essential oils of P. barbatus and H. pectinata, for O. basilicum and P. amboinicus were methyl cinnamate and carvacrol, respectively. From the results obtained, it was possible to characterize the plants under study and to observe their antimicrobial potential, where P. amboinicus presented a higher activity with MIC and MBC of 0.09 mg/mL and 0.18 mg/mL, respectively.