Limiares de identificação e percepção estética de alargamentos simulados da base alar por leigos

• Autor(a) principal: Silva Júnior, José Alberto Jesus
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/12429
• topic: Dentística operatória; Odontologia; Aspectos estéticos; Procedimentos cirúrgicos ortognáticos; Estética; Face; Orthognathic surgical procedures; Aesthetics; Face

Introduction: Dentofacial deformities (DDFs) are aesthetic-functional alterations of the facial skeleton characterized by the association between malocclusions and aesthetic disharmonies of the face. Individuals affected by DDFs may present one or both of the compromised jaws, with the possibility of involvement of multiple craniofacial structures in the vertical, horizontal or transverse facial planes. Professional concern with the control of possible negative aesthetic effects resulting from orthognathic surgery - particularly in the nose - is important to determine the procedures necessary to handle a case, as well as to control expectations. It is important to know, moreover, how individuals lacking specialized knowledge regarding aesthetics and facial harmony - or laymen, such as the orthognathic patient himself and his family members - are able to identify postoperative facial changes such as enlargement of the nasal base. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare identification thresholds, aesthetic perception and the influence of stimulus face sex on simulated alar base enlargements between lay individuals from a convenience sample (n = 76). Methodology: The research stimulus material was elaborated after the digital manipulation of portraits of two volunteers of different genres, feoderms, with balanced facial musculature and no history of orthodontic treatment or facial surgery. The photographs were manipulated using Adobe Photoshop CS6 Extended® software (Adobe Systems Incorporated, USA), obtaining symmetrical faces based on the left side of the model faces. Subsequently, the alar base was gradually increased to produce five different images for each of the symmetrized faces of the models totaling six images for each. Data were collected after sending a link with the questionnaire to the email of the target populations (lay people), members of the UFS academic community. Data were automatically tabulated in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets for further statistical treatment using BioEstat version 5.0 (University of Illinois, Illinois, USA). Results: For the female model, lay evaluators considered the most agreeable faces as those with 0 mm (88.16%) and 2 mm (90.79%) widening of the alar base, while the face classified as the most unpleasant widening had a broad base. 10 mm (78.95%). For the male model, the face with the 0 mm alar base (94.74%) was considered the most pleasant, while the face with the 10 mm alar base (76.32%) was rated the least pleasant. The resulting simple linear regression model demonstrated a statistically significant inverse relationship between nasal enlargement and image attractiveness for both the female (R2 = 0.916; Regression coefficient = -0.235; p = 0.009) and for the male (R2 = 0.850 ; Regression coefficient = 0.255; p = 0.003). Discussion: The proportion of respondents who find faces with broader wing bases to be unattractive increase as nasal widening increases for both sex models. The perception of facial attractiveness seems to be substantially reduced when the widening of the alar base exceeds 6 mm in the female model and the range of 6 to 8 mm in the male model. Conclusion: For the study evaluators, the perception of an exaggerated widening of the alar base compromises the attractiveness of the female and male faces.