Moringa oleifera Lam.: aspectos morfométricos, fisiológicos e cultivo em gradiente de espaçamento

• Autor(a) principal: Vasconcelos, Michelle Conceição
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6543
• topic: Moringa oleifera; Moringaceae - Aspectos fisiológicos - Morfologia; Plantas - Adaptação (Fisiologia); Plantas - Aspectos fisiológicos; Moringa oleifera Lam; Adaptation (Physiology); Morphology; Plants; Plants; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringa) is a kind of easy adaptation to the Brazilian semiarid region, but its cultivation is rudimentary. Missing information about the physical and physiological quality of seeds, seedlings assessment under conditions of water stress and the development of plantations in different spacings. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the internal morphology and identification of fungi from the seeds, the physiological assessment of seedlings subjected to water restriction and evaluation of the initial growth of moringa under gradient spacing. The morphology of the seeds was observed using the X-ray test with an intensity of 22 kV for 14.8 s in Laboratório de Análise de Sementes of the Universidade Federal de Laras (UFLA) using 200 seeds of two different genotypes. The identification and quantification of fungi were made by the blotter test the Laboratório de Patologia de Sementes of the UFLA using 200 seeds of two different genotypes. The seedlings from seeds of a genotype were evaluated under water restriction at 40, 60, 80 and 100% of field capacity for 21 days to ecophysiological parameters and biometric. The gradient spacing planting was installed in the Experimental Campus of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe using the systematic design, with 10 different densities, and the plants were grown from seeds of four genotypes. Seeds in relation to their internal morphology were divided into three classes: (a) full and well formed, (b) with space and malformed and (c) stained or damage. The health test were observed following fungi: Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. and Phomopsis sp. Moringa seedlings are more sensitive to water deficit restriction under 40% of field capacity with respect to gas exchange parameters. Plants under gradient spacing showed better development unit of area equal to or greater than 9.5 m2 plant-1. We conclude that planting moringa can be deployed with a density less than or equal to 1,000 plants per hectare and irrigation between 100% and 60% of field capacity.