Estudo comparativo do uso de coagulante/floculante a base de sementes de Moringa oleifera Lam. e sulfato de alumínio no tratamento de efluente de laticínio

• Autor(a) principal: Nascimento, Izabela Gouveia
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFS
• Texto Completo: https://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/14926
• topic: Agroindústria; Legislação; Moringa; Sulfato de alumínio; Tratamento de efluentes; Legislation; Aluminum sulfate; Effluent treatment; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS

For years biodegradable natural coagulating agents have been studied and tested for use in the treatment of turbid waters, as substitutes for chemical agents, among them, Moringa Oleífera Lam., plant of Indian origin, present in the semi-arid of Sergipe, which promotes, through its cationic proteins, coagulation and clarification of waters and effluents. Based on this principle,the present work aimed to evaluate the influence of different types of coagulants in the coagulation/flocculation process applied in the physical-chemical treatment of effluent from dairy agroindustry. For this, moringa seed powder, aqueous and saline extracts with and withoutoil and the chemical agent Aluminum Sulfate were used. The experimental tests were performed in duplicate in Jar Test, using 1 liter of effluent for each test, with pre-established temperature,speed and time of rotation. At the end of the tests, aliquots of each sample were taken for analysis of some important parameters of conditions and standards of effluent release established by CONAMA Resolutions n° 357/2005 and nº 430/2011: pH, apparent color and turbidity. With the results obtained in the characterization of the experiments, statistical analysiswas applied, where the values of efficiency, pH, apparent color and turbidity were submitted to Variance Analysis comparing the means with the Tukey test at 5% of significance. Thus, the tests carried out in Jar Test demonstrated a satisfactory potential, in terms of efficiency, regarding the use of aqueous and saline extracts with and without oil when compared to the results with the use of Aluminum Sulphate. Regarding the parameters of pH, apparent color and turbidity evaluated according to CONAMA, they were within the limits established for pH onlyaqueous extract with oil and saline extract without oil; for apparent color all fit; for turbidity only the aluminum sulphate obtained good removal performance, being within the limits of thelegislation. Finally, it is concluded that the use of coagulants extracted from the seeds of Moringa Oleifera Lam. Has shown to be an alternative sustainable source for use in the physico- chemical treatment of dairy effluent, being able, in the future, with the improvement of the techniques of use, to be used in a complementary way or as a substitute for aluminum sulphate.