Meningitis in Brazil: analysis of epidemiological aspects during 10 years

• Autor(a) principal: Peixoto da Silva, Anderson
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Outros Autores: Duarte, Tayla Silva, Lino, Alanne Carolayne Loureiro, Silva, Maykon Wanderley Leite Alves da, Maia, Fernando Luiz de Andrade, Cabral, Adriane Borges, Silva, Juliane Cabral
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Saúde (Santa Maria)
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.ufsm.br/revistasaude/article/view/71151
• topic: Epidemiology; Public health; Indicators of morbidity and mortality; Infectious disease; Epidemiologia; Saúde Pública; Indicadores de morbimortalidade; Doença infecciosa

Introduction: Meningitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the membranes that line the Central Nervous System (CNS) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The incidence of this disease depends on factors such as population agglomerations, socioeconomic characteristics of the population and the climate and etiological agents, such as viruses and bacteria. In Brazil, despite the improvement in prognosis in the last ten years, infectious meningitis still represents a relevant public health problem, requiring greater attention from an epidemiological point of view. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological aspects of meningitis in Brazil, from 2010 to 2019. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective and quantitative study was carried out, using data from the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), which were organized in tables and graphs for epidemiological analysis. The applied variables were: symptom year, notification region, age group, etiology, confirmatory criterion, sex, race, serogroup and case evolution. Results: 182,126 cases of meningitis were reported in Brazil between the years 2010 and 2019, with 2012 having the highest number of records. It was found that the disease is predominant in males (59.12%), affecting mainly individuals identified by race / white color (56.73%) and those belonging to the age group 0-9 years (47.11%) ), with the evolution to hospital (89,55%) discharge being the most prevalent outcome. The Southeast of the country had a higher number of cases, corresponding to 54.23%. Viral meningitis (45.86%) and serogroup C of minigitis menigococcal (3.43%) were the ones that stood out the most, being the chemocytological exam (60.98%) the most used as a confirmatory criterion. Conclusion: It was found that meningitis is an endemic disease in all Brazilian regions, which shows the need to improve health actions regarding the prevention of this disease, including educational and assistance aspects, in addition to reinforcing the importance of notification by Health professionals.