Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29116 |
Resumo: | Pre-filtration systems are very important to adjust raw water within the parameters required by legislation so that it is possible to use it for slow filtration as a form of treatment. The present study aimed to analyze the efficiency of water pre-treatment systems using different materials with a filtering layer of different particle sizes. The 6 systems were constituted using a support layer, followed by a single layer of anthracite coal and sand with granulometries of 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm for both materials. Both systems were operated with a filtration rate of 4 m³/m².day. At each career end, a superficial cleaning was carried out, 5 cm above, of the filtering layer. Each one of the pre-filters presented a different operation time, due to the deactivation periods for cleaning, varying between 118 and 136 days, except for the system composed of anthracite coal with a D10 of 0.6 mm, which did not present career closure. filtration, being operated for 137 days. The system that presented the best performance for removing turbidity and apparent color was the one composed of anthracite coal with a granulometry of 0.4 mm of effective diameter. For the parameters of true color and solids in suspension, the pre-filter with a filtering layer composed of anthracite coal of D10 0.2 mm proved to be more efficient. The analysis carried out on the filtering material after slicing, at the end of the system operation, detected the presence of E. Coli in the superficial 2 cm of the draining layer in the systems composed of granulometry of 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm of anthracite coal. The presence of general microorganisms was observed in all systems, and the systems composed of 0.6 mm anthracite and 0.4 mm sand were identified in the first 2 cm of depth. All systems showed the presence of heterotrophic bacteria in all layers, with the highest concentration recorded in the draining system composed of charcoal with a granulometry of 0.2 mm. The results presented did not follow the filtration theory, which may be due to the greater number of career ends in systems composed of smaller granulometries, which caused pore opening and, consequently, greater percolation of particulate material, as well as bacteria and microorganisms , at greater depths. The detection of microorganisms in the system that did not show career closure may be related to the uniformity of the grains associated with the intragranular velocity during the operation of the system. The analyzed pre-filters can be used to prepare water for use in slow filtration systems, allowing the use of smaller areas for water collection, as well as reducing costs for water treatment. |
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2023-05-18T15:00:58Z2023-05-18T15:00:58Z2023-03-29http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29116Pre-filtration systems are very important to adjust raw water within the parameters required by legislation so that it is possible to use it for slow filtration as a form of treatment. The present study aimed to analyze the efficiency of water pre-treatment systems using different materials with a filtering layer of different particle sizes. The 6 systems were constituted using a support layer, followed by a single layer of anthracite coal and sand with granulometries of 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm for both materials. Both systems were operated with a filtration rate of 4 m³/m².day. At each career end, a superficial cleaning was carried out, 5 cm above, of the filtering layer. Each one of the pre-filters presented a different operation time, due to the deactivation periods for cleaning, varying between 118 and 136 days, except for the system composed of anthracite coal with a D10 of 0.6 mm, which did not present career closure. filtration, being operated for 137 days. The system that presented the best performance for removing turbidity and apparent color was the one composed of anthracite coal with a granulometry of 0.4 mm of effective diameter. For the parameters of true color and solids in suspension, the pre-filter with a filtering layer composed of anthracite coal of D10 0.2 mm proved to be more efficient. The analysis carried out on the filtering material after slicing, at the end of the system operation, detected the presence of E. Coli in the superficial 2 cm of the draining layer in the systems composed of granulometry of 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm of anthracite coal. The presence of general microorganisms was observed in all systems, and the systems composed of 0.6 mm anthracite and 0.4 mm sand were identified in the first 2 cm of depth. All systems showed the presence of heterotrophic bacteria in all layers, with the highest concentration recorded in the draining system composed of charcoal with a granulometry of 0.2 mm. The results presented did not follow the filtration theory, which may be due to the greater number of career ends in systems composed of smaller granulometries, which caused pore opening and, consequently, greater percolation of particulate material, as well as bacteria and microorganisms , at greater depths. The detection of microorganisms in the system that did not show career closure may be related to the uniformity of the grains associated with the intragranular velocity during the operation of the system. The analyzed pre-filters can be used to prepare water for use in slow filtration systems, allowing the use of smaller areas for water collection, as well as reducing costs for water treatment.Os sistemas de pré-filtração são muito importantes para ajustar a água bruta dentro dos parâmetros exigidos pelas legislações para que seja possível a utilização para filtração lenta como forma de tratamento. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a eficiência dos sistemas de pré-tratamento de água com o uso de diferentes materiais com camada filtrante de diferentes granulometrias. Os 6 sistemas foram constituídos utilizando camada suporte, sucedido de camada única de carvão antracitoso e areia com granulometrias com D10 0,2 mm, 0,4 mm e 0,6 mm para ambos os materiais. Ambos os sistemas foram operados com taxa de filtração de 4 m³/m².dia. A cada encerramento de carreira foi realizada a limpeza superficial, 5 cm superiores, da camada filtrante. Cada um dos pré-filtros apresentou um tempo de operação diferente, devido aos períodos de desativação para limpeza, variando entre 118 e 136 dias, exceto o sistema composto por carvão antracitoso com D10 de 0,6 mm, que não apresentou encerramento de carreira de filtração, sendo operado durante 137 dias. O sistema que apresentou o melhor desempenho para remoção da turbidez e cor aparente foi o composto por carvão antracito de granulometria de 0,4 mm de diâmetro efetivo. Para os parâmetros de cor verdadeira e sólidos em suspensão, o pré-filtro com camada filtrante composto por carvão antracito de D10 0,2 mm se mostrou mais eficiente. A análise feita no material filtrante após o fatiamento, ao término da operação do sistema, detectou presença de E. Coli nos 2 cm superficiais da camada drenante nos sistemas compostos por granulometria de 0,4 mm e 0,6 mm de carvão antracitoso. Já a presença de microrganismos gerais foi observada em todos os sistemas, sendo que os sistemas compostos por antracito de 0,6 mm e areia de 0,4 mm tiveram identificação nos primeiros 2 cm de profundidade. Todos os sistemas apresentaram presença de bactérias heterotróficas em todas as camadas, tendo a maior concentração registrada no sistema drenante composto por carvão de granulometria de 0,2 mm. Os resultados apresentados não seguiram a teoria de filtração, que pode ser decorrência da maior quantidade de fins de carreira dos sistemas compostos por menores granulometrias, o que provocou a abertura dos poros e, consequentemente, maior percolação de material particulado, assim como bactérias e microrganismos, em maiores profundidades. A detecção de microrganismos no sistema que não apresentou encerramento de carreira pode estar relacionado com a uniformidade dos grãos associado à velocidade intragranular durante a operação do sistema. Os pré-filtros analisados podem ser utilizados para preparar a água para utilização em sistemas de filtração lenta, possibilitando a utilização de áreas menores para coleta de água, bem como reduzindo os custos para o tratamento de água.porUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUFSM Frederico WestphalenPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia AmbientalUFSMBrasilCiências AmbientaisAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPré-filtraçãoAreia e antracitoQualidade da águaTratamento de águaPre-filtrationSand and anthraciteWater qualityWater treatmentCNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIASAvaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricasEvaluation of the efficiency of water pre-treatment systems using filters filled with different materials and granulometric characteristics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisSoares, Marcus Bruno Domingueshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0892156896085348Decezaro, Samara TerezinhaEsquivel, Luis Guillermo Romerohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6890229661150979Poncio, Tiago Onuczak9005000000086006006006006007f58e6ae-a836-4337-8e1f-c61ae2621ec00a97ccc2-662a-49c6-a70d-1d69e768ebe6151ae6f2-56fb-4731-899d-d0957bdc1813819416a2-b44f-4afa-9055-ca2e2a5bbf77reponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDIS_PPGCTA_2023_PONCIO_TIAGO.pdfDIS_PPGCTA_2023_PONCIO_TIAGO.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf9284326http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/29116/1/DIS_PPGCTA_2023_PONCIO_TIAGO.pdf123c2abf334699bd0e967acbab091d4aMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/29116/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-816http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/29116/3/license.txtf8fcb28efb1c8cf0dc096bec902bf4c4MD531/291162023-05-18 12:00:58.901oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/29116Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucw==Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132023-05-18T15:00:58Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of the efficiency of water pre-treatment systems using filters filled with different materials and granulometric characteristics. |
title |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
spellingShingle |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas Poncio, Tiago Onuczak Pré-filtração Areia e antracito Qualidade da água Tratamento de água Pre-filtration Sand and anthracite Water quality Water treatment CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
title_short |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
title_full |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
title_fullStr |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
title_sort |
Avaliação da eficiência de sistemas de pré-tratamento de água utilizando filtros preenchidos com diferentes materiais e características granulométricas |
author |
Poncio, Tiago Onuczak |
author_facet |
Poncio, Tiago Onuczak |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Soares, Marcus Bruno Domingues |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0892156896085348 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Decezaro, Samara Terezinha |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Esquivel, Luis Guillermo Romero |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6890229661150979 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Poncio, Tiago Onuczak |
contributor_str_mv |
Soares, Marcus Bruno Domingues Decezaro, Samara Terezinha Esquivel, Luis Guillermo Romero |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Pré-filtração Areia e antracito Qualidade da água Tratamento de água |
topic |
Pré-filtração Areia e antracito Qualidade da água Tratamento de água Pre-filtration Sand and anthracite Water quality Water treatment CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Pre-filtration Sand and anthracite Water quality Water treatment |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
description |
Pre-filtration systems are very important to adjust raw water within the parameters required by legislation so that it is possible to use it for slow filtration as a form of treatment. The present study aimed to analyze the efficiency of water pre-treatment systems using different materials with a filtering layer of different particle sizes. The 6 systems were constituted using a support layer, followed by a single layer of anthracite coal and sand with granulometries of 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm for both materials. Both systems were operated with a filtration rate of 4 m³/m².day. At each career end, a superficial cleaning was carried out, 5 cm above, of the filtering layer. Each one of the pre-filters presented a different operation time, due to the deactivation periods for cleaning, varying between 118 and 136 days, except for the system composed of anthracite coal with a D10 of 0.6 mm, which did not present career closure. filtration, being operated for 137 days. The system that presented the best performance for removing turbidity and apparent color was the one composed of anthracite coal with a granulometry of 0.4 mm of effective diameter. For the parameters of true color and solids in suspension, the pre-filter with a filtering layer composed of anthracite coal of D10 0.2 mm proved to be more efficient. The analysis carried out on the filtering material after slicing, at the end of the system operation, detected the presence of E. Coli in the superficial 2 cm of the draining layer in the systems composed of granulometry of 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm of anthracite coal. The presence of general microorganisms was observed in all systems, and the systems composed of 0.6 mm anthracite and 0.4 mm sand were identified in the first 2 cm of depth. All systems showed the presence of heterotrophic bacteria in all layers, with the highest concentration recorded in the draining system composed of charcoal with a granulometry of 0.2 mm. The results presented did not follow the filtration theory, which may be due to the greater number of career ends in systems composed of smaller granulometries, which caused pore opening and, consequently, greater percolation of particulate material, as well as bacteria and microorganisms , at greater depths. The detection of microorganisms in the system that did not show career closure may be related to the uniformity of the grains associated with the intragranular velocity during the operation of the system. The analyzed pre-filters can be used to prepare water for use in slow filtration systems, allowing the use of smaller areas for water collection, as well as reducing costs for water treatment. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-05-18T15:00:58Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-05-18T15:00:58Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2023-03-29 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29116 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/29116 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
900500000008 |
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600 600 600 600 600 |
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7f58e6ae-a836-4337-8e1f-c61ae2621ec0 0a97ccc2-662a-49c6-a70d-1d69e768ebe6 151ae6f2-56fb-4731-899d-d0957bdc1813 819416a2-b44f-4afa-9055-ca2e2a5bbf77 |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Ciências Ambientais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
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