Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11743 |
Resumo: | The integrated crop livestock systems are an important alternative to diversify production, increasing efficiency and autonomy of production systems. However, inadequate management of this stocking system promotes numerous negative consequences, especially on structural properties dependent on soil pore space, which can be limiting for both the development of plants and for system sustainability. However, there are indications that well-managed grazing systems can generate benefits to soil structure, due to the action of the plant root system that is positively stimulated after grazing. The hypothesis of this study is that moderate grazing promotes improvements in soil structural quality in this system. The objective of the study was to evaluate how different grazing levels affect selected soil physical and mechanical properties. The experiment consists of a 15-years old integrated crop livestock system, managed with (Glycine max) in the summer and (Avena strigosa, Schreb) + (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter intended for continuous grazing of beef cattle. The treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, determined by sward height, namely: 0.10 m (heavy grazing), 0.30 m (moderate grazing) and an area as control (without grazing) in an experimental design of randomized blocks with three replications. Preserved-structure samples (volumetric rings) were collected in the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers at the end of each cycle, soybeans and pasture, April and November 2015, respectively. Soil bulk density (Ds), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), air permeability (Ka), saturated hydraulic conductivity soil (Ks), preconsolidation pressure (σp), compression ratio (Ic), decompression coefficient (Cd) and soil cyclic loading test were determined. The results indicate that grazing increases the state of compaction of the soil surface, causing negative effects of the physical and mechanical properties. However, there is a mitigation of the effects if evaluated after the summer crop. |
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2017-09-25T14:05:51Z2017-09-25T14:05:51Z2016-07-26http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11743The integrated crop livestock systems are an important alternative to diversify production, increasing efficiency and autonomy of production systems. However, inadequate management of this stocking system promotes numerous negative consequences, especially on structural properties dependent on soil pore space, which can be limiting for both the development of plants and for system sustainability. However, there are indications that well-managed grazing systems can generate benefits to soil structure, due to the action of the plant root system that is positively stimulated after grazing. The hypothesis of this study is that moderate grazing promotes improvements in soil structural quality in this system. The objective of the study was to evaluate how different grazing levels affect selected soil physical and mechanical properties. The experiment consists of a 15-years old integrated crop livestock system, managed with (Glycine max) in the summer and (Avena strigosa, Schreb) + (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter intended for continuous grazing of beef cattle. The treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, determined by sward height, namely: 0.10 m (heavy grazing), 0.30 m (moderate grazing) and an area as control (without grazing) in an experimental design of randomized blocks with three replications. Preserved-structure samples (volumetric rings) were collected in the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers at the end of each cycle, soybeans and pasture, April and November 2015, respectively. Soil bulk density (Ds), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), air permeability (Ka), saturated hydraulic conductivity soil (Ks), preconsolidation pressure (σp), compression ratio (Ic), decompression coefficient (Cd) and soil cyclic loading test were determined. The results indicate that grazing increases the state of compaction of the soil surface, causing negative effects of the physical and mechanical properties. However, there is a mitigation of the effects if evaluated after the summer crop.Sistemas Integrados de Produção Agropecuária (SIPA) são uma alternativa importante à diversificação da produção, aumentando a eficiência e a autonomia dos sistemas de produção. Porém, o manejo inadequado da lotação animal nesse sistema promove inúmeras consequências negativas, sobretudo às propriedades estruturais do solo dependentes do espaço poroso, as quais podem ser limitantes tanto para o desenvolvimento de plantas quanto para a sustentabilidade do sistema. Contudo, existem indícios de que o pastejo animal bem manejado pode gerar benefícios à estruturação do solo, devido à ação do sistema radicular das plantas de cobertura que é estimulado de forma positiva após o pastejo. Dentro desse contexto, a hipótese deste estudo é de que pastejo moderado promove melhorias na qualidade estrutural no solo em SIPA. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar como diferentes níveis de pastejo afetam as propriedades físicas e mecânicas do solo. O experimento consistiu em um SIPA com 15 anos de condução, manejado com soja (Glycine max) no verão e aveia preta (Avena strigosa, Schreb) + azevém (Lolium multiflorum, Lam.) no inverno destinadas ao pastejo contínuo de bovinos de corte. Os tratamentos consistiram em diferentes intensidades de pastejo, determinados pela altura da pastagem, sendo: 0,10 m (pastejo intenso), 0,30 m (pastejo moderado) e uma área como testemunha (sem pastejo) em um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Foi realizada a coleta de amostras de estrutura preservada (anéis volumétricos), nas camadas de 0-0,05, 0,05-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m ao término de cada ciclo, soja e pastagem, abril e novembro de 2015, respectivamente. Foram determinados a densidade do solo (Ds), a porosidade total (Pt), a macroporosidade (Ma), a microporosidade(Mi), a permeabilidade ao ar (Ka), a condutividade hidráulica de solo saturado (Ks), a pressão de preconsolidação (σp), o índice de compressão (Ic), o coeficiente de descompressão (Cd) e a compressibilidade cíclica do solo. Os resultados indicam que o pastejo aumenta o estado de compactação da superfície do solo, causando efeitos negativos nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas. Todavia, há uma atenuação destes efeitos se avaliados após o cultivo de verão.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBrasilAgronomiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSistema integradoPisoteio animalEstrutura do soloRaízesIntegrated systemAnimal tramplingSoil structureRootsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOCondições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuáriaPhysical and mechanical conditions of a oxisol in integrated crop livestock systeminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisReichert, José Miguelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312Reinert, Dalvan Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995Veiga, Milton dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9090135629118204http://lattes.cnpq.br/6870115556309569Ambus, Jordano Vaz500100100005600a85444db-3c89-4606-bf03-0e1915842baaa2b9da5f-6b2a-4d46-a6fc-1af0b6bd169495c99306-72cd-445e-8070-f2ce83f97274b69bcf0b-54e5-4edd-9faa-bb2c5605e97creponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALAmbus, Jordano Vaz.pdfAmbus, Jordano Vaz.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf1591371http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/11743/1/Ambus%2c%20Jordano%20Vaz.pdf2a23d1dedbb14c681d1d48f02ff29802MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Physical and mechanical conditions of a oxisol in integrated crop livestock system |
title |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
spellingShingle |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária Ambus, Jordano Vaz Sistema integrado Pisoteio animal Estrutura do solo Raízes Integrated system Animal trampling Soil structure Roots CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
title_full |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
title_fullStr |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
title_full_unstemmed |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
title_sort |
Condições físicas e mecânicas de um latossolo em sistema integrado de produção agropecuária |
author |
Ambus, Jordano Vaz |
author_facet |
Ambus, Jordano Vaz |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Reinert, Dalvan José |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Veiga, Milton da |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9090135629118204 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6870115556309569 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Ambus, Jordano Vaz |
contributor_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel Reinert, Dalvan José Veiga, Milton da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sistema integrado Pisoteio animal Estrutura do solo Raízes |
topic |
Sistema integrado Pisoteio animal Estrutura do solo Raízes Integrated system Animal trampling Soil structure Roots CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Integrated system Animal trampling Soil structure Roots |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The integrated crop livestock systems are an important alternative to diversify production, increasing efficiency and autonomy of production systems. However, inadequate management of this stocking system promotes numerous negative consequences, especially on structural properties dependent on soil pore space, which can be limiting for both the development of plants and for system sustainability. However, there are indications that well-managed grazing systems can generate benefits to soil structure, due to the action of the plant root system that is positively stimulated after grazing. The hypothesis of this study is that moderate grazing promotes improvements in soil structural quality in this system. The objective of the study was to evaluate how different grazing levels affect selected soil physical and mechanical properties. The experiment consists of a 15-years old integrated crop livestock system, managed with (Glycine max) in the summer and (Avena strigosa, Schreb) + (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in winter intended for continuous grazing of beef cattle. The treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, determined by sward height, namely: 0.10 m (heavy grazing), 0.30 m (moderate grazing) and an area as control (without grazing) in an experimental design of randomized blocks with three replications. Preserved-structure samples (volumetric rings) were collected in the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m layers at the end of each cycle, soybeans and pasture, April and November 2015, respectively. Soil bulk density (Ds), total porosity (Pt), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), air permeability (Ka), saturated hydraulic conductivity soil (Ks), preconsolidation pressure (σp), compression ratio (Ic), decompression coefficient (Cd) and soil cyclic loading test were determined. The results indicate that grazing increases the state of compaction of the soil surface, causing negative effects of the physical and mechanical properties. However, there is a mitigation of the effects if evaluated after the summer crop. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016-07-26 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-09-25T14:05:51Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-09-25T14:05:51Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11743 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11743 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500100100005 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
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