Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2012 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3343 |
Resumo: | The growing demand for biofuels as alternative to petroleum-based fuels has instigated increased production of bioenergy crops. The southern half of Rio Grande do Sul, by having limited water resources for the production of soy, has received government incentives for the production of these crops, especially crops of sugar cane and cassava. However, there is need for more precise information regarding the proper management of these crops, and the influences of physical and hydraulic properties and mechanical soil on the growth and development of plants. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effect of different tillage systems on soil physical attributes, water and soil mechanics and its effects on the productivity of sugar cane and cassava. The study was conducted in the experimental area of the Soils Department, Federal University of Santa Maria in a Hapludalf. In two experiments were planted crops of sugar cane and cassava, in randomized blocks with three replications under different management systems and levels of compression: conventional tillage (CT) no tillage chiseled (NTC) no tillage (NT) and no tillage compacted (NTComp). Soil samples with preserved structure were collected for determination of physico-hydric soil density, pore size distribution curve of water retention, air and water flows, optimal water and compressive parameters: preconsolidation pressure (PP), compression index (CI) and elasticity of the soil. In addition, we calculated the indicators of soil quality: S ratio and relative density (RD) or degree of compression (GC). Soil preparation with mobilization (CT and NTC) alters the compacted soil, reducing soil bulk density and increased macroporosity and total porosity, but these effects are temporary and soil back to become thickened compromising the functionality of soil structure and plant development. A further compaction by traffic loader modifies the structure of Hapludalf, due to the increase in density and changes in distribution of soil pores, reducing macroporosity and total porosity, affecting the conductivity to water and air in the soil. The deeper layers were responsible for increased water storage in the soil. In the culture of cane sugar, NTC and NTComp retains higher water content, while the cassava crop, is the NT and NTC. Yield of both crops in association with the studied parameters, no-till soil management is offering the best physical condition and is indicated for production of sugar cane and cassava. |
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2017-03-242017-03-242012-02-29FONTANELA, Eracilda. Preparation and physical properties of a sandy soil for sugar cane and cassava in Rio Grande do Sul. 2012. 161 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3343The growing demand for biofuels as alternative to petroleum-based fuels has instigated increased production of bioenergy crops. The southern half of Rio Grande do Sul, by having limited water resources for the production of soy, has received government incentives for the production of these crops, especially crops of sugar cane and cassava. However, there is need for more precise information regarding the proper management of these crops, and the influences of physical and hydraulic properties and mechanical soil on the growth and development of plants. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effect of different tillage systems on soil physical attributes, water and soil mechanics and its effects on the productivity of sugar cane and cassava. The study was conducted in the experimental area of the Soils Department, Federal University of Santa Maria in a Hapludalf. In two experiments were planted crops of sugar cane and cassava, in randomized blocks with three replications under different management systems and levels of compression: conventional tillage (CT) no tillage chiseled (NTC) no tillage (NT) and no tillage compacted (NTComp). Soil samples with preserved structure were collected for determination of physico-hydric soil density, pore size distribution curve of water retention, air and water flows, optimal water and compressive parameters: preconsolidation pressure (PP), compression index (CI) and elasticity of the soil. In addition, we calculated the indicators of soil quality: S ratio and relative density (RD) or degree of compression (GC). Soil preparation with mobilization (CT and NTC) alters the compacted soil, reducing soil bulk density and increased macroporosity and total porosity, but these effects are temporary and soil back to become thickened compromising the functionality of soil structure and plant development. A further compaction by traffic loader modifies the structure of Hapludalf, due to the increase in density and changes in distribution of soil pores, reducing macroporosity and total porosity, affecting the conductivity to water and air in the soil. The deeper layers were responsible for increased water storage in the soil. In the culture of cane sugar, NTC and NTComp retains higher water content, while the cassava crop, is the NT and NTC. Yield of both crops in association with the studied parameters, no-till soil management is offering the best physical condition and is indicated for production of sugar cane and cassava.A crescente demanda de biocombustíveis como alternativa em substituição aos combustíveis derivados de petróleo tem instigado aumento da produção das culturas bioenergéticas. A metade sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, por apresentar limitações hídricas para a produção da soja, tem recebido incentivos governamentais para a produção dessas culturas, em especial às culturas da cana-de-açúcar e da mandioca. No entanto, há necessidade de informações mais precisas quanto ao manejo adequado a essas culturas, e as influências das propriedades físico-hídricas e mecânicas do solo sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou determinar o efeito de diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo nos seus atributos físicos, hídricos e mecânicos e na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar e da mandioca. O estudo foi realizado na área experimental do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria em um Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico. Em dois experimentos foram plantadas as culturas da cana-de-açúcar e da mandioca, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e níveis de compactação: plantio convencional (PC), escarificado (ESC), plantio direto (PD) e plantio direto compactado (PDC). Amostras de solo com estrutura preservada foram coletadas para determinação dos parâmetros físico-hídricos do solo: densidade, distribuição do tamanho de poros, curva de retenção de água, fluxos de ar e água, intervalo hídrico ótimo e os parâmetros compressivos: pressão de preconsolidação (σp), índice de compressão (IC) e elasticidade do solo. Além disso, foram calculados os indicadores de qualidade do solo: índice S e densidade relativa (DR) ou grau de compactação (GC). O preparo do solo com mobilização (PC e ESC) altera a camada compactada do solo, pela diminuição da sua densidade e aumentando a macroporosidade e a porosidade total, mas esses efeitos são temporários e o solo volta a se tornar adensado comprometendo a funcionalidade da estrutura do solo e o desenvolvimento das plantas. A compactação adicional pelo tráfego da carregadora modifica a estrutura do Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo, em função do aumento da densidade e alterações na distribuição dos poros do solo, com redução da macroporosidade e porosidade total, comprometendo a condutividade à água e ao ar no solo. As camadas mais profundas foram responsáveis pelo maior armazenamento de água no solo. Na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, o PDC e o ESC retém maior conteúdo de água, enquanto na cultura da mandioca, é o PD e o ESC. Pelo rendimento de ambas as culturas em associação com os parâmetros estudados, o plantio direto é o manejo do solo que oferece as melhores condições físicas, sendo indicado para produção de cana-de-açúcar e mandioca.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBRAgronomiaCulturas bioenergéticasNíveis de compactaçãoDisponibilidade de águaBioenergy cropsSoil compaction levelsWater availabilityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOPreparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do SulPreparation and physical properties of a sandy soil for sugar cane and cassava in Rio Grande do Sulinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisReichert, José Miguelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312Suzuki, Luis Eduardo Akiyoshi Sancheshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8976157511758125Kaiser, Douglas Rodrigohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9066672071907756Minella, Jean Paolo Gomeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3194231720402587Gonçalves, Adriano Dicesar Martins de Araujohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9521570188250302http://lattes.cnpq.br/0339515010711123Fontanela, Eracilda500100100005400300300300300300300a85444db-3c89-4606-bf03-0e1915842baa697ebeb6-631f-471d-9cde-fcd77d1752d048d97066-4b0c-4dac-8227-b6de093a92f109145413-68d1-46f8-99f4-4b8ebb729114f5dd4990-e71c-46e2-8393-f669881c8153990ece98-ad86-440a-9193-6fa00845d0ceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALFONTANELA, ERACILDA.pdfapplication/pdf3968937http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3343/1/FONTANELA%2c%20ERACILDA.pdfab9428b3cb5966224fa257e7545fddc5MD51TEXTFONTANELA, ERACILDA.pdf.txtFONTANELA, ERACILDA.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain256181http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3343/2/FONTANELA%2c%20ERACILDA.pdf.txtcd4f6fa35720033fb3827126ba04927eMD52THUMBNAILFONTANELA, ERACILDA.pdf.jpgFONTANELA, ERACILDA.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4719http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3343/3/FONTANELA%2c%20ERACILDA.pdf.jpg5846e458f30be39a4e08af134ee09b65MD531/33432023-05-25 09:31:15.019oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/3343Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132023-05-25T12:31:15Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Preparation and physical properties of a sandy soil for sugar cane and cassava in Rio Grande do Sul |
title |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
spellingShingle |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul Fontanela, Eracilda Culturas bioenergéticas Níveis de compactação Disponibilidade de água Bioenergy crops Soil compaction levels Water availability CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
title_full |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
title_fullStr |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
title_sort |
Preparos e propriedades físicas de um solo arenoso para cana-de-acúcar e mandioca no Rio Grande do Sul |
author |
Fontanela, Eracilda |
author_facet |
Fontanela, Eracilda |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Suzuki, Luis Eduardo Akiyoshi Sanches |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8976157511758125 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Kaiser, Douglas Rodrigo |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9066672071907756 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3194231720402587 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Gonçalves, Adriano Dicesar Martins de Araujo |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9521570188250302 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0339515010711123 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fontanela, Eracilda |
contributor_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel Suzuki, Luis Eduardo Akiyoshi Sanches Kaiser, Douglas Rodrigo Minella, Jean Paolo Gomes Gonçalves, Adriano Dicesar Martins de Araujo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Culturas bioenergéticas Níveis de compactação Disponibilidade de água |
topic |
Culturas bioenergéticas Níveis de compactação Disponibilidade de água Bioenergy crops Soil compaction levels Water availability CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Bioenergy crops Soil compaction levels Water availability |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The growing demand for biofuels as alternative to petroleum-based fuels has instigated increased production of bioenergy crops. The southern half of Rio Grande do Sul, by having limited water resources for the production of soy, has received government incentives for the production of these crops, especially crops of sugar cane and cassava. However, there is need for more precise information regarding the proper management of these crops, and the influences of physical and hydraulic properties and mechanical soil on the growth and development of plants. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effect of different tillage systems on soil physical attributes, water and soil mechanics and its effects on the productivity of sugar cane and cassava. The study was conducted in the experimental area of the Soils Department, Federal University of Santa Maria in a Hapludalf. In two experiments were planted crops of sugar cane and cassava, in randomized blocks with three replications under different management systems and levels of compression: conventional tillage (CT) no tillage chiseled (NTC) no tillage (NT) and no tillage compacted (NTComp). Soil samples with preserved structure were collected for determination of physico-hydric soil density, pore size distribution curve of water retention, air and water flows, optimal water and compressive parameters: preconsolidation pressure (PP), compression index (CI) and elasticity of the soil. In addition, we calculated the indicators of soil quality: S ratio and relative density (RD) or degree of compression (GC). Soil preparation with mobilization (CT and NTC) alters the compacted soil, reducing soil bulk density and increased macroporosity and total porosity, but these effects are temporary and soil back to become thickened compromising the functionality of soil structure and plant development. A further compaction by traffic loader modifies the structure of Hapludalf, due to the increase in density and changes in distribution of soil pores, reducing macroporosity and total porosity, affecting the conductivity to water and air in the soil. The deeper layers were responsible for increased water storage in the soil. In the culture of cane sugar, NTC and NTComp retains higher water content, while the cassava crop, is the NT and NTC. Yield of both crops in association with the studied parameters, no-till soil management is offering the best physical condition and is indicated for production of sugar cane and cassava. |
publishDate |
2012 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2012-02-29 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-24 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-24 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
FONTANELA, Eracilda. Preparation and physical properties of a sandy soil for sugar cane and cassava in Rio Grande do Sul. 2012. 161 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3343 |
identifier_str_mv |
FONTANELA, Eracilda. Preparation and physical properties of a sandy soil for sugar cane and cassava in Rio Grande do Sul. 2012. 161 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2012. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3343 |
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por |
language |
por |
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500100100005 |
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400 300 300 300 300 300 300 |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
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UFSM |
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BR |
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Agronomia |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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