Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2010 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7946 |
Resumo: | The small scale fuel ethanol production faces serious problems of inefficiency inherent to the process. The yield increase in distillation step presents a promising way to guarantee technical and economical feasibility to microdistilleries. As the general objective, it is proposed a different still, a hybrid miscellaneous of plates and packing, in stripping and rectifying sections respectively, and as a specific objective, to explore the best technical features of each tower internals. The studied prototype consists of one glass constructed continuous operation bench still, divided in 3 modules of 190cm effective height and a 4cm internal diameter; two modules filled with Raschig rings and one module as vigreux type. Tests were performed under total reflux, and later in continuous operation. In total reflux, the number of transfer units and the height of transfer unit were determined, referred to liquid and gas phases. The obtained values were approximately and respectively: 11,6 and 10,3; and 0,1847cm and 0,1632cm. The theoretical stages number was determined using four different methods that allowed evaluate the height equivalent to a theoretical plate. Standing out is the method proposed by Katayama, whose values were closer to the number and height transfer unit, 9,18 and 0,1733m respectively. Subsequently, seven experiments were performed (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) in continuous operation, differ only on their variable rate of vaporization, in order to assess their influence in the still operating performance (minimal distillated ethanol concentration - 83,04% mol, and maximum bottom ethanol concentration 0,196% mol, operational capacity and energetic factor). Therefore experiment C showed the lowest reflux ratio (2,293)and the highest energy factor (1,342), besides complying the concentration limits for the distillate (83,14% mol) and bottom product (0,16% mol). By comparing the experiments of higher (A 84,24% mol) and lower (E 82,82% mol) distillate concentration was concluded that, in order to obtain a small gain in distillate concentration (1,71%), it was necessary an increase of 226,07% in the A reflux ratio compared to E experiment, resulting in an increase of 51,38% in specific energy consumption. Thereby the A energetic factor experiment was approximately 50% smaller. It can be stated that these results prove the technical feasibility of proposed miscellaneous still, with wide application in microdistillaries. |
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2011-04-132011-04-132010-09-28Mayer, Flávio Dias. APPROPRIATE DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ETHANOL FUEL PRODUCTION IN SMALL SCALE. 2010. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7946The small scale fuel ethanol production faces serious problems of inefficiency inherent to the process. The yield increase in distillation step presents a promising way to guarantee technical and economical feasibility to microdistilleries. As the general objective, it is proposed a different still, a hybrid miscellaneous of plates and packing, in stripping and rectifying sections respectively, and as a specific objective, to explore the best technical features of each tower internals. The studied prototype consists of one glass constructed continuous operation bench still, divided in 3 modules of 190cm effective height and a 4cm internal diameter; two modules filled with Raschig rings and one module as vigreux type. Tests were performed under total reflux, and later in continuous operation. In total reflux, the number of transfer units and the height of transfer unit were determined, referred to liquid and gas phases. The obtained values were approximately and respectively: 11,6 and 10,3; and 0,1847cm and 0,1632cm. The theoretical stages number was determined using four different methods that allowed evaluate the height equivalent to a theoretical plate. Standing out is the method proposed by Katayama, whose values were closer to the number and height transfer unit, 9,18 and 0,1733m respectively. Subsequently, seven experiments were performed (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) in continuous operation, differ only on their variable rate of vaporization, in order to assess their influence in the still operating performance (minimal distillated ethanol concentration - 83,04% mol, and maximum bottom ethanol concentration 0,196% mol, operational capacity and energetic factor). Therefore experiment C showed the lowest reflux ratio (2,293)and the highest energy factor (1,342), besides complying the concentration limits for the distillate (83,14% mol) and bottom product (0,16% mol). By comparing the experiments of higher (A 84,24% mol) and lower (E 82,82% mol) distillate concentration was concluded that, in order to obtain a small gain in distillate concentration (1,71%), it was necessary an increase of 226,07% in the A reflux ratio compared to E experiment, resulting in an increase of 51,38% in specific energy consumption. Thereby the A energetic factor experiment was approximately 50% smaller. It can be stated that these results prove the technical feasibility of proposed miscellaneous still, with wide application in microdistillaries.A produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala, até 25L.h-1, enfrenta sérios problemas relativos à ineficiência inerentes a seus processos. O aumento de rendimento na etapa de destilação apresenta-se como uma maneira promissora de viabilizar técnica e economicamente as microdestilarias. Sendo esse o objetivo geral, propõe-se um destilador diferenciado, um misto composto de pratos e recheios, respectivamente nas seções de esgotamento e retificação, e como objetivo especifico, aproveitar as melhores características de cada um desses internos de torre. O protótipo estudado consiste de um destilador de bancada, construído em vidro, em regime de operação contínuo e dividido em três módulos, com altura efetiva total de 190 cm e diâmetro interno de 4cm; dois módulos preenchidos com anéis de Raschig e um módulo do tipo vigreux. Foram realizados testes em refluxo total e, posteriormente, em regime contínuo. Em refluxo total determinou-se o número de unidades de transferência e a altura da unidade de transferência, referidas às fases líquida e gasosa. Os valores obtidos foram aproximada e respectivamente: 11,6 e 10,3; e 0,1847 cm e 0,1632 cm. O número de estágios teóricos foi determinado utilizando-se quatro diferentes métodos, que permitiram avaliar a altura equivalente ao prato teórico. Destaca-se o método proposto por Katayama, cujos valores obtidos se aproximaram mais do número e altura das unidades de transferência, 9,18 e 0,1733m, respectivamente. Posteriormente foram executados sete experimentos (A, B, C, D, E, F e G), em regime contínuo, diferenciados entre si pela variação na taxa de evaporação, de maneira a permitir avaliar sua influência no desempenho operacional do destilador (concentração de etanol no destilado (mínimo igual a 83,04% mol) e no produto de fundo (máximo igual a 0,196% mol), capacidade operacional e fator energético). Assim, o experimento C apresentou a menor razão de refluxo (2,293) e o maior fator energético (1,342), além de respeitar os limites de concentração para o destilado (83,14% mol) e para o produto de fundo (0,16% mol). Através da comparação entre os experimentos de maior (A 84,24% mol) e menor (E 82,82% mol) concentração do destilado foi possível verificar que, a fim de obter-se um pequeno ganho na concentração do destilado (1,71%), foi necessário um aumento de 226,07% na razão de refluxo de A em relação a E, resultando em um aumento no consumo específico de energia de 51,38%. Assim, o fator energético foi aproximadamente 50% menor para o experimento A. Pode-se afirmar que esses resultados comprovam a viabilidade técnica da proposta desse sistema misto de destilação, com grande aplicabilidade nas microdestilarias.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de ProcessosUFSMBREngenharia de ProcessosEtanol combustívelDestilador mistoPequena escalaCapacidade operacionalFator energéticoEthanol fuelHybrid stillSmall scaleOperational capacityEnergetic factorCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAOProdução de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriadaAppropriate distillation technology development for ethanol fuel production in small scaleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisHoffmann, Ronaldohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4625067103734943Marcilio, Nilson Romeuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5974664273830910Jahn, Sérgio Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7735147410610776http://lattes.cnpq.br/4268416135140359Mayer, Flávio Dias300800000005400300300300300b85fa86d-dc82-49f8-a2fa-f893ac72ecefe5383703-1a6f-494a-be55-0bd97d8d0762cbc1b9fe-f236-4bef-a17b-66bb534316a4f9339e1c-4b1f-4c57-9f6c-0a4535c1e1c5info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALMAYER, FLAVIO DIAS.pdfapplication/pdf1781945http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/7946/1/MAYER%2c%20FLAVIO%20DIAS.pdf994301354d82ca14ef1bef97fe6907c4MD51TEXTMAYER, FLAVIO DIAS.pdf.txtMAYER, FLAVIO DIAS.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain170613http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/7946/2/MAYER%2c%20FLAVIO%20DIAS.pdf.txtb03a2ac5856b3fafa8a9e981dfd42c29MD52THUMBNAILMAYER, FLAVIO DIAS.pdf.jpgMAYER, FLAVIO DIAS.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg6805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/7946/3/MAYER%2c%20FLAVIO%20DIAS.pdf.jpg331ea05aef2445132cac9d0c78f718fcMD531/79462022-01-06 11:42:48.807oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/7946Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132022-01-06T14:42:48Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Appropriate distillation technology development for ethanol fuel production in small scale |
title |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
spellingShingle |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada Mayer, Flávio Dias Etanol combustível Destilador misto Pequena escala Capacidade operacional Fator energético Ethanol fuel Hybrid still Small scale Operational capacity Energetic factor CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO |
title_short |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
title_full |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
title_fullStr |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
title_sort |
Produção de álcool combustível em pequena escala: desenvolvimento da tecnologia de destilação apropriada |
author |
Mayer, Flávio Dias |
author_facet |
Mayer, Flávio Dias |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Hoffmann, Ronaldo |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4625067103734943 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Marcilio, Nilson Romeu |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5974664273830910 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Jahn, Sérgio Luiz |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7735147410610776 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4268416135140359 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Mayer, Flávio Dias |
contributor_str_mv |
Hoffmann, Ronaldo Marcilio, Nilson Romeu Jahn, Sérgio Luiz |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Etanol combustível Destilador misto Pequena escala Capacidade operacional Fator energético |
topic |
Etanol combustível Destilador misto Pequena escala Capacidade operacional Fator energético Ethanol fuel Hybrid still Small scale Operational capacity Energetic factor CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ethanol fuel Hybrid still Small scale Operational capacity Energetic factor |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE PRODUCAO |
description |
The small scale fuel ethanol production faces serious problems of inefficiency inherent to the process. The yield increase in distillation step presents a promising way to guarantee technical and economical feasibility to microdistilleries. As the general objective, it is proposed a different still, a hybrid miscellaneous of plates and packing, in stripping and rectifying sections respectively, and as a specific objective, to explore the best technical features of each tower internals. The studied prototype consists of one glass constructed continuous operation bench still, divided in 3 modules of 190cm effective height and a 4cm internal diameter; two modules filled with Raschig rings and one module as vigreux type. Tests were performed under total reflux, and later in continuous operation. In total reflux, the number of transfer units and the height of transfer unit were determined, referred to liquid and gas phases. The obtained values were approximately and respectively: 11,6 and 10,3; and 0,1847cm and 0,1632cm. The theoretical stages number was determined using four different methods that allowed evaluate the height equivalent to a theoretical plate. Standing out is the method proposed by Katayama, whose values were closer to the number and height transfer unit, 9,18 and 0,1733m respectively. Subsequently, seven experiments were performed (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) in continuous operation, differ only on their variable rate of vaporization, in order to assess their influence in the still operating performance (minimal distillated ethanol concentration - 83,04% mol, and maximum bottom ethanol concentration 0,196% mol, operational capacity and energetic factor). Therefore experiment C showed the lowest reflux ratio (2,293)and the highest energy factor (1,342), besides complying the concentration limits for the distillate (83,14% mol) and bottom product (0,16% mol). By comparing the experiments of higher (A 84,24% mol) and lower (E 82,82% mol) distillate concentration was concluded that, in order to obtain a small gain in distillate concentration (1,71%), it was necessary an increase of 226,07% in the A reflux ratio compared to E experiment, resulting in an increase of 51,38% in specific energy consumption. Thereby the A energetic factor experiment was approximately 50% smaller. It can be stated that these results prove the technical feasibility of proposed miscellaneous still, with wide application in microdistillaries. |
publishDate |
2010 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2010-09-28 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2011-04-13 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2011-04-13 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
Mayer, Flávio Dias. APPROPRIATE DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ETHANOL FUEL PRODUCTION IN SMALL SCALE. 2010. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7946 |
identifier_str_mv |
Mayer, Flávio Dias. APPROPRIATE DISTILLATION TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ETHANOL FUEL PRODUCTION IN SMALL SCALE. 2010. 109 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2010. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7946 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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UFSM |
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BR |
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Engenharia de Processos |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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