Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/13949 |
Resumo: | The knowledge about the mass and energy fluxes between the atmosphere and the ocean at different regions of the planet is of utmost importance for the improvement of the weather and climate predictions. This is mainly necessary in regions such as the South Atlantic Ocean where the formation and propagation of atmospheric transient systems like cyclones and cold fronts are frequent. For the realization of this study we used data collected during cruises onboard Brazilian research ships in the Southwestern Atlantic ocean in June 2012, October 2013 and October 2014. This work compares the sensible heat (H), latent heat (Le) and momentum (τ) fluxes between the ocean and the atmosphere, as well as the friction velocity (u∗) obtained from direct measurements using the Eddy Covariance Methodology (EC) with estimated obtained from the bulk turbulent parameterization. We describe and analyze the spatial and temporal differences for the period of the three cruises and their relation with local variables and processes, and with atmospheric effects at the large scale. The most significant differences are associated to regions where we observe intense SST gradients, intense differences between the air temperature (Tair) and SST, changes in the wind direction and the transition of synoptic systems. Friction velocity, important for forcing the oceanic currents and for its role on the turbulent fluxes determination, presented a good agreement between the two methods used here. The u∗ showed to be strongly dependent on the wind magnitude at the sea surface. Momentum fluxes also presented a good coherency between the two methods utilized, both on mean magnitudes and temporal variability. As expected, τ was dependent on the wind velocity, however temporal variations on its behavior were mainly associated to changes in the wind direction. Sensible heat flux presented a good agreement between the two methods, were bulk was able to reproduce in both magnitude and temporal variability the results obtained through CV. The H was mainly associated to the magnitude of the difference between SST and Tair. Latent heat flux presented significant differences between the two methods during the 2012 and 2013 experiments, performed at the southeastern coast of Brazil and at the Brazil- Malvinas Confluence (BMC) region, respectively. These differences were mostly associated to cold advection processes, high wind magnitudes and intense horizontal SST gradients. Nevertheless, during the 2013 experiment, the mean magnitudes of Le presented a good agreement, with the higher differences present at the BMC region. Considering that our study region is very dynamical at both spatial and temporal viewpoints, at the ocean and in the atmosphere, this work has demonstrated that in many situations the bulk parameterization does not represent the local reality. The present work allowed an advance in the present knowledge about the ocean-atmosphere interaction processes which have recognized importance for the weather and the climate of South America. Based upon the results of this work, future studies in the fields of numerical modeling of weather and climate, as well as general ocean circulation, may be improved. |
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2018-07-30T18:48:14Z2018-07-30T18:48:14Z2017-08-31http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/13949The knowledge about the mass and energy fluxes between the atmosphere and the ocean at different regions of the planet is of utmost importance for the improvement of the weather and climate predictions. This is mainly necessary in regions such as the South Atlantic Ocean where the formation and propagation of atmospheric transient systems like cyclones and cold fronts are frequent. For the realization of this study we used data collected during cruises onboard Brazilian research ships in the Southwestern Atlantic ocean in June 2012, October 2013 and October 2014. This work compares the sensible heat (H), latent heat (Le) and momentum (τ) fluxes between the ocean and the atmosphere, as well as the friction velocity (u∗) obtained from direct measurements using the Eddy Covariance Methodology (EC) with estimated obtained from the bulk turbulent parameterization. We describe and analyze the spatial and temporal differences for the period of the three cruises and their relation with local variables and processes, and with atmospheric effects at the large scale. The most significant differences are associated to regions where we observe intense SST gradients, intense differences between the air temperature (Tair) and SST, changes in the wind direction and the transition of synoptic systems. Friction velocity, important for forcing the oceanic currents and for its role on the turbulent fluxes determination, presented a good agreement between the two methods used here. The u∗ showed to be strongly dependent on the wind magnitude at the sea surface. Momentum fluxes also presented a good coherency between the two methods utilized, both on mean magnitudes and temporal variability. As expected, τ was dependent on the wind velocity, however temporal variations on its behavior were mainly associated to changes in the wind direction. Sensible heat flux presented a good agreement between the two methods, were bulk was able to reproduce in both magnitude and temporal variability the results obtained through CV. The H was mainly associated to the magnitude of the difference between SST and Tair. Latent heat flux presented significant differences between the two methods during the 2012 and 2013 experiments, performed at the southeastern coast of Brazil and at the Brazil- Malvinas Confluence (BMC) region, respectively. These differences were mostly associated to cold advection processes, high wind magnitudes and intense horizontal SST gradients. Nevertheless, during the 2013 experiment, the mean magnitudes of Le presented a good agreement, with the higher differences present at the BMC region. Considering that our study region is very dynamical at both spatial and temporal viewpoints, at the ocean and in the atmosphere, this work has demonstrated that in many situations the bulk parameterization does not represent the local reality. The present work allowed an advance in the present knowledge about the ocean-atmosphere interaction processes which have recognized importance for the weather and the climate of South America. Based upon the results of this work, future studies in the fields of numerical modeling of weather and climate, as well as general ocean circulation, may be improved.Conhecer os fluxos de massa, momentum e energia entre a atmosfera e o oceano em diferentes regiões do planeta é de extrema importância para o a melhoria das previsões de tempo e clima. Principalmente em regiões como o oceano Atlântico Sul, onde a formação e propagação de sistemas atmosféricos transientes, são frequentes. No desenvolvimento desse estudo foram utilizados dados coletados durante cruzeiros a bordo de navios brasileiros de pesquisa no oceano Atlântico Sudoeste em junho de 2012, outubro de 2013 e outubro de 2014. Esse trabalho compara os fluxos de calor sensível (H), calor latente (Le) e momentum (τ) entre o oceano e a atmosfera, assim como a velocidade de fricção (u∗). Esses parâmetros são obtidos através da metodologia da Covariância de Vórtices (CV) e estimativas obtidas através da parametrização turbulenta de bulk (bulk). São descritas e analisadas as diferenças temporais e espaciais para o período dos três cruzeiros, sua relação com variáveis e processos locais e com efeitos de grande escala atmosférica. As diferenças mais significativas são associadas a regiões onde são observados intensos gradientes de temperatura da superfície do mar (TSM), intensas diferenças entre a TSM e a temperatura do ar (Tar), mudanças na direção do vento e transição de sistemas sinóticos. A velocidade de fricção, importante por forçar as correntes oceânicas e pelo seu papel na determinação dos fluxos turbulentos, apresentou uma boa concordância entre os dois métodos. Essa, se mostrou fortemente dependente da magnitude do vento na superfície oceânica. O fluxo de momentum também apresentou boa coerência entre os dois métodos utilizados, tanto em magnitudes médias como em sua variabilidade temporal. Sendo dependente da velocidade do vento, porém variações temporais no seu comportamento foram associadas principalmente as alterações na direção do vento. O fluxo de calor sensível apresentou uma boa concordância entre os dois métodos, tanto em magnitude como em variabilidade temporal. Sendo as maiores discrepâncias, relacionadas à grandes diferenças entre a Tar e a TSM. O fluxo de calor latente apresentou consideráveis diferenças entre os dois métodos durante os experimentos de 2012 e 2013, realizadas na costa sudeste do Brasil e na região da Confluência Brasil-Malvinas (CBM), respectivamente. Essas diferenças foram associadas a processos de advecção fria, altas magnitudes do vento e intensos gradientes horizontais de TSM. Durante o experimento de 2013, as magnitudes médias de Le foram bem coerentes entre os dois métodos, sendo as maiores diferenças observadas sobre a região da CBM. Considerando que a região desse estudo é muito dinâmica, tanto do ponto de vista espacial como temporal, no oceano e na atmosfera, esse trabalho demonstrou que em muitas situações bulk não representa a realidade local. O presente trabalho permitiu um avanço no conhecimento presente sobre os processos de interação oceano-atmosfera que tem importância reconhecida para o tempo e clima da América do Sul. Com base nos resultados desse trabalho, futuros estudos na área de modelagem numérica de previsão de tempo e clima, assim como de circulação geral dos oceanos podem ser melhorados.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em MeteorologiaUFSMBrasilMeteorologiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFluxos de calorMomentumInteração oceano-atmosferaOceano Atlântico SudoesteHeat fluxesMomentumOcean-atmosphere interactionSouthwestern Atlantic OceanCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::METEOROLOGIADeterminação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano AtlânticoDetermination of heat and momentum turbulent fluxes between the ocean and the atmosphere in the southwest region of the Atlantic oceaninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisSouza, Ronald Buss dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0537824080913130Puhales, Franciano Screminhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7752837354645381Acevedo, Otavio Costahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8696858608013659Lentini, Carlos Alessandre Domingoshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5969005066506687Mata, Mauricio Magalhãeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4041211770858318http://lattes.cnpq.br/9105488365512364Santini, Marcelo Freitas100700300004600b35f3be5-481e-42f0-a76e-056024ce67807030b07c-7cdc-4f06-adb9-f776af6ff2b19f49a8d8-e52f-4e5b-b445-5cd6f64b182245ff8ac1-d738-4cca-8bc7-6762743b6fcd81d21610-893f-4b25-9d98-0319c6e86c8442a8528f-4a93-4614-84be-1aa574ecefd8reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-816http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/13949/3/license.txt6eeec7985884eb94336b41cc5308bf0fMD53ORIGINALTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdfTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdfTese de Doutoradoapplication/pdf4266771http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/13949/1/TES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf40823e418be24b04c4153387acd0c02fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8804http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/13949/2/license_rdfc1efe8e24d7281448e873be30ea326ffMD52TEXTTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.txtTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain180507http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/13949/4/TES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.txta014b1e205c26cbe5059537ee295bebeMD54THUMBNAILTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.jpgTES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg2830http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/13949/5/TES_PPGMETEOROLOGIA_2017_SANTINI_MARCELO.pdf.jpg72408d6e3aaf75fd56164db977603d7aMD551/139492018-07-30 15:48:14.895oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/13949Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbXVucw==Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestopendoar:39132018-07-30T18:48:14Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Determination of heat and momentum turbulent fluxes between the ocean and the atmosphere in the southwest region of the Atlantic ocean |
title |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
spellingShingle |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico Santini, Marcelo Freitas Fluxos de calor Momentum Interação oceano-atmosfera Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste Heat fluxes Momentum Ocean-atmosphere interaction Southwestern Atlantic Ocean CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::METEOROLOGIA |
title_short |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
title_full |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
title_fullStr |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
title_sort |
Determinação dos fluxos turbulentos de calor e momentum entre o oceano e a atmosfera na região sudoeste do oceano Atlântico |
author |
Santini, Marcelo Freitas |
author_facet |
Santini, Marcelo Freitas |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Souza, Ronald Buss de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0537824080913130 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Puhales, Franciano Scremin |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7752837354645381 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Acevedo, Otavio Costa |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8696858608013659 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Lentini, Carlos Alessandre Domingos |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5969005066506687 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Mata, Mauricio Magalhães |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4041211770858318 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9105488365512364 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santini, Marcelo Freitas |
contributor_str_mv |
Souza, Ronald Buss de Puhales, Franciano Scremin Acevedo, Otavio Costa Lentini, Carlos Alessandre Domingos Mata, Mauricio Magalhães |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Fluxos de calor Momentum Interação oceano-atmosfera Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste |
topic |
Fluxos de calor Momentum Interação oceano-atmosfera Oceano Atlântico Sudoeste Heat fluxes Momentum Ocean-atmosphere interaction Southwestern Atlantic Ocean CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::METEOROLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Heat fluxes Momentum Ocean-atmosphere interaction Southwestern Atlantic Ocean |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::METEOROLOGIA |
description |
The knowledge about the mass and energy fluxes between the atmosphere and the ocean at different regions of the planet is of utmost importance for the improvement of the weather and climate predictions. This is mainly necessary in regions such as the South Atlantic Ocean where the formation and propagation of atmospheric transient systems like cyclones and cold fronts are frequent. For the realization of this study we used data collected during cruises onboard Brazilian research ships in the Southwestern Atlantic ocean in June 2012, October 2013 and October 2014. This work compares the sensible heat (H), latent heat (Le) and momentum (τ) fluxes between the ocean and the atmosphere, as well as the friction velocity (u∗) obtained from direct measurements using the Eddy Covariance Methodology (EC) with estimated obtained from the bulk turbulent parameterization. We describe and analyze the spatial and temporal differences for the period of the three cruises and their relation with local variables and processes, and with atmospheric effects at the large scale. The most significant differences are associated to regions where we observe intense SST gradients, intense differences between the air temperature (Tair) and SST, changes in the wind direction and the transition of synoptic systems. Friction velocity, important for forcing the oceanic currents and for its role on the turbulent fluxes determination, presented a good agreement between the two methods used here. The u∗ showed to be strongly dependent on the wind magnitude at the sea surface. Momentum fluxes also presented a good coherency between the two methods utilized, both on mean magnitudes and temporal variability. As expected, τ was dependent on the wind velocity, however temporal variations on its behavior were mainly associated to changes in the wind direction. Sensible heat flux presented a good agreement between the two methods, were bulk was able to reproduce in both magnitude and temporal variability the results obtained through CV. The H was mainly associated to the magnitude of the difference between SST and Tair. Latent heat flux presented significant differences between the two methods during the 2012 and 2013 experiments, performed at the southeastern coast of Brazil and at the Brazil- Malvinas Confluence (BMC) region, respectively. These differences were mostly associated to cold advection processes, high wind magnitudes and intense horizontal SST gradients. Nevertheless, during the 2013 experiment, the mean magnitudes of Le presented a good agreement, with the higher differences present at the BMC region. Considering that our study region is very dynamical at both spatial and temporal viewpoints, at the ocean and in the atmosphere, this work has demonstrated that in many situations the bulk parameterization does not represent the local reality. The present work allowed an advance in the present knowledge about the ocean-atmosphere interaction processes which have recognized importance for the weather and the climate of South America. Based upon the results of this work, future studies in the fields of numerical modeling of weather and climate, as well as general ocean circulation, may be improved. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-08-31 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2018-07-30T18:48:14Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2018-07-30T18:48:14Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/13949 |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/13949 |
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por |
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por |
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100700300004 |
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600 |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Meteorologia |
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UFSM |
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Brasil |
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Meteorologia |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
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