Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21713 |
Resumo: | Soil structure consists of the geometric arrangement of particles in aggregates. It is a dynamic property and (especially) together with texture influences several soil physical processes. For aggregation and structure formation, soil particles must be flocculated, which depends on some factors such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content, specific surface area (SSA), and concentration and type of cations. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of SOC, cation type, and of SSA on the resistance of soil microstructure evaluated by rheometry. Three separate studies were carried out. In study I to verify the effect of SOC, samples from ten Archaeological Black Earths (ABE) were collected in the Amazon region. The samples were submitted to four levels of SOC oxidation by the addition of 0 (C0), 40 (C1), 80 (C2) and 120 (C3) ml of concentrated hydrogen peroxide to approximately 100 g of soil. In study II, to verify the effect of ASE, samples of 13 soils with different granulometric compositions and great variation in ASE were collected in Rio Grande do Sul. To verify the effect of cation type in study III, samples of 16 horizons of four salinized soil profiles were collected in Rio Grande do Norte. The treatments in this study were: soil saturated by capillarity with saline solution KCl (+K), CaCl2 (+Ca) and MgCl2 (+Mg) in the concentration of 0.1 mol L-1, Leaching of soluble salts (LS) by successive leaching with alcohol 60% and untreated soil (control). All the treatments were submitted to an amplitude sweep test with controlled deformation in a modular rheometer equipped with parallel plate measuring device. As a result, the following rheological variables were obtained: strain (γLVR) and shear stress (τLVR) at the end of the linear viscoelastic range (LVR), strain (γYP) and storage modulus value (G’YP) in yield point, the maximum shear stress (τmax) and integral Z (Iz). In study I, the SOC oxidation affected all rheological variables, reducing the elasticity and resistance of soil microstructure. The effect of SOC loss was different among ABEs, according to the amount and quality of SOC lost. In study II, the increase in SSA increased the elasticity verified by γLVR, γyp and Iz, but the formation of very stable microaggregates (pseudosands) in soils with high SSA provided reduction of these variables. The microstructural stiffness, evaluated by τLVR, G’YP and τmax, was not correlated with SSA, but was influenced by particle size distribution, normal force acting on the sample, and cation concentration. In study III, soil desalination caused an increase in microstructural elasticity verified in LVR and reducing elasticity in YP when compared with the control, whereas the saturation by cations, mainly by K+, provided an opposite effect, increasing the microstructural stiffness. Salt leaching and saline saturation increased soil resistance. |
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2021-08-03T22:47:57Z2021-08-03T22:47:57Z2018-08-31http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21713Soil structure consists of the geometric arrangement of particles in aggregates. It is a dynamic property and (especially) together with texture influences several soil physical processes. For aggregation and structure formation, soil particles must be flocculated, which depends on some factors such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content, specific surface area (SSA), and concentration and type of cations. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of SOC, cation type, and of SSA on the resistance of soil microstructure evaluated by rheometry. Three separate studies were carried out. In study I to verify the effect of SOC, samples from ten Archaeological Black Earths (ABE) were collected in the Amazon region. The samples were submitted to four levels of SOC oxidation by the addition of 0 (C0), 40 (C1), 80 (C2) and 120 (C3) ml of concentrated hydrogen peroxide to approximately 100 g of soil. In study II, to verify the effect of ASE, samples of 13 soils with different granulometric compositions and great variation in ASE were collected in Rio Grande do Sul. To verify the effect of cation type in study III, samples of 16 horizons of four salinized soil profiles were collected in Rio Grande do Norte. The treatments in this study were: soil saturated by capillarity with saline solution KCl (+K), CaCl2 (+Ca) and MgCl2 (+Mg) in the concentration of 0.1 mol L-1, Leaching of soluble salts (LS) by successive leaching with alcohol 60% and untreated soil (control). All the treatments were submitted to an amplitude sweep test with controlled deformation in a modular rheometer equipped with parallel plate measuring device. As a result, the following rheological variables were obtained: strain (γLVR) and shear stress (τLVR) at the end of the linear viscoelastic range (LVR), strain (γYP) and storage modulus value (G’YP) in yield point, the maximum shear stress (τmax) and integral Z (Iz). In study I, the SOC oxidation affected all rheological variables, reducing the elasticity and resistance of soil microstructure. The effect of SOC loss was different among ABEs, according to the amount and quality of SOC lost. In study II, the increase in SSA increased the elasticity verified by γLVR, γyp and Iz, but the formation of very stable microaggregates (pseudosands) in soils with high SSA provided reduction of these variables. The microstructural stiffness, evaluated by τLVR, G’YP and τmax, was not correlated with SSA, but was influenced by particle size distribution, normal force acting on the sample, and cation concentration. In study III, soil desalination caused an increase in microstructural elasticity verified in LVR and reducing elasticity in YP when compared with the control, whereas the saturation by cations, mainly by K+, provided an opposite effect, increasing the microstructural stiffness. Salt leaching and saline saturation increased soil resistance.A estrutura do solo consiste na disposição geométrica das partículas em agregados. É um atributo dinâmico e juntamente com textura influencia os demais processos físicos do solo. Para o início da agregação e formação da estrutura, é necessário que as partículas do solo estejam floculadas, o que depende de alguns fatores, como o teor de carbono orgânico do solo (COS), da área superficial específica (ASE) e da concentração e do tipo de cátions. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi verificar o efeito do teor de COS, do tipo de cátion e da ASE sobre a resistência da microestrutura do solo avaliada por reometria. Para isso, foram realizados três estudos separados. No estudo I, para verificar o efeito do COS, amostras de dez Terras Pretas Arqueológicas (TPAs) foram coletadas na região amazônica. As amostras foram submetidas a quatro níveis de oxidação do COS pela aplicação de 0 (C0), 40 (C1), 80 (C2) e 120 (C3) ml de peróxido de hidrogênio concentrado a aproximadamente 100 g de solo. No estudo II, para verificar o efeito da ASE, amostras de 13 solos com diferentes composições granulométricas e grande variação na ASE foram coletadas no Rio Grande do Sul. Para verificar o efeito do tipo de cátions no estudo III, amostras de 16 horizontes de quatro perfis de solos salinizado foram coletados no Rio Grande do Norte. Os tratamentos deste estudo foram: solo saturado por capilaridade com solução salina de KCl (+K), CaCl2 (+Ca) e MgCl2 (+Mg) na concentração de 0.1 mol L-1, lixiviação do sais soluveis (SD) por lavagens sucessivas com álcool 60% e solo não tratado (controle). Todos os tratamentos foram submetidos ao teste de varredura de amplitude com deformação controlada em um reômetro modular equipado com dispositivo de medição de placas paralelas. Como resultado dos testes foram obtidas as seguintes variáveis reológicas: deformação (γLVR) e tensão (τLVR) no final do intervalo viscoelástico linear (LVR), deformação (γYP) e valor do módulo de armazenamento (G’YP) no ponto de escamento (YP), a tensão máxima de cisalhamento (τmax) e a integral Z (Iz). No estudo I, a oxidação do COS afetou todas as variáveis reológicas, diminuindo a elasticidade e resistência da microestrutura. O efeito da perda de COS foi diferente entre as TPAs, de acordo com a quantidade e tipo do COS perdido. No estudo II, o aumento da ASE aumentou a elasticidade verificada pela γLVR, γYP e Iz, entretanto a formação de microagregados muito estáveis (pseudoareias) em solos com elevada ASE proporcionou redução dessas variáveis. A resistência da microestrutura avaliada pela τLVR, G’YP e τmax não apresentou relação com a ASE, mas foi correlacionada com a força normal atuante sobre a amostra e pela concentração de cátions. No estudo III, a lixiviação dos sais do solo provocou aumento da elasticidade da microestrutura verificada no LVR e redução da elasticidade no YP em relação ao controle enquanto a saturação por cátions, principalmente por K+ proporcionou efeito contrário. A lixiviação dos sais e a saturação com solução salina aumentaram a resistência do solo.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBrasilAgronomiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessReologiaTerra preta de índioCarbono do soloTeor de argilaSalinizaçãoRheologyArchaeological black earthSoil carbonClay contentSalinizationCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOPropriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidadeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisReichert, José Miguelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312Holthusen, DörtheFigueiredo, Getulio CoutinhoGubiani, Paulo IvonirDalmolin, Ricardo Simão Dinizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4034518113809779Batistão, Alan Carlos500100100005600600600600600600600a85444db-3c89-4606-bf03-0e1915842baafe439d59-2530-4165-ab4b-a03ee7bb55b19e137639-f9fa-437e-a960-de0cfb7b2f6cde31a342-9fce-4bc8-a459-7ff2719d22294e8b236d-e450-447d-afb1-c977fcfc9306f3233955-217d-44ea-a9ee-c2947dbcedcareponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
title |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
spellingShingle |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade Batistão, Alan Carlos Reologia Terra preta de índio Carbono do solo Teor de argila Salinização Rheology Archaeological black earth Soil carbon Clay content Salinization CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
title_full |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
title_fullStr |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
title_full_unstemmed |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
title_sort |
Propriedades reológicas de solos afetadas pela matéria orgânica, área superficial específica e salinidade |
author |
Batistão, Alan Carlos |
author_facet |
Batistão, Alan Carlos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910765178697312 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Holthusen, Dörthe |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Figueiredo, Getulio Coutinho |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Gubiani, Paulo Ivonir |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Diniz |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4034518113809779 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Batistão, Alan Carlos |
contributor_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel Holthusen, Dörthe Figueiredo, Getulio Coutinho Gubiani, Paulo Ivonir Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Diniz |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Reologia Terra preta de índio Carbono do solo Teor de argila Salinização |
topic |
Reologia Terra preta de índio Carbono do solo Teor de argila Salinização Rheology Archaeological black earth Soil carbon Clay content Salinization CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Rheology Archaeological black earth Soil carbon Clay content Salinization |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
Soil structure consists of the geometric arrangement of particles in aggregates. It is a dynamic property and (especially) together with texture influences several soil physical processes. For aggregation and structure formation, soil particles must be flocculated, which depends on some factors such as soil organic carbon (SOC) content, specific surface area (SSA), and concentration and type of cations. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of SOC, cation type, and of SSA on the resistance of soil microstructure evaluated by rheometry. Three separate studies were carried out. In study I to verify the effect of SOC, samples from ten Archaeological Black Earths (ABE) were collected in the Amazon region. The samples were submitted to four levels of SOC oxidation by the addition of 0 (C0), 40 (C1), 80 (C2) and 120 (C3) ml of concentrated hydrogen peroxide to approximately 100 g of soil. In study II, to verify the effect of ASE, samples of 13 soils with different granulometric compositions and great variation in ASE were collected in Rio Grande do Sul. To verify the effect of cation type in study III, samples of 16 horizons of four salinized soil profiles were collected in Rio Grande do Norte. The treatments in this study were: soil saturated by capillarity with saline solution KCl (+K), CaCl2 (+Ca) and MgCl2 (+Mg) in the concentration of 0.1 mol L-1, Leaching of soluble salts (LS) by successive leaching with alcohol 60% and untreated soil (control). All the treatments were submitted to an amplitude sweep test with controlled deformation in a modular rheometer equipped with parallel plate measuring device. As a result, the following rheological variables were obtained: strain (γLVR) and shear stress (τLVR) at the end of the linear viscoelastic range (LVR), strain (γYP) and storage modulus value (G’YP) in yield point, the maximum shear stress (τmax) and integral Z (Iz). In study I, the SOC oxidation affected all rheological variables, reducing the elasticity and resistance of soil microstructure. The effect of SOC loss was different among ABEs, according to the amount and quality of SOC lost. In study II, the increase in SSA increased the elasticity verified by γLVR, γyp and Iz, but the formation of very stable microaggregates (pseudosands) in soils with high SSA provided reduction of these variables. The microstructural stiffness, evaluated by τLVR, G’YP and τmax, was not correlated with SSA, but was influenced by particle size distribution, normal force acting on the sample, and cation concentration. In study III, soil desalination caused an increase in microstructural elasticity verified in LVR and reducing elasticity in YP when compared with the control, whereas the saturation by cations, mainly by K+, provided an opposite effect, increasing the microstructural stiffness. Salt leaching and saline saturation increased soil resistance. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2018-08-31 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-03T22:47:57Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2021-08-03T22:47:57Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21713 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21713 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500100100005 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
collection |
Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
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Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
ouvidoria@ufsm.br |
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1808854694019203072 |