Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/30725 |
Resumo: | Water intended for human consumption must meet the potability standards established by legal regulations. To ensure this, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. These procedures typically involve the application of chemical agents, such as aluminum sulfate. However, the residual presence of these products in the water can lead to adverse impacts on the environment and human health. An alternative to address this issue is the adoption of cationic organic polymers as substitutes for conventional chemical agents. Chitosan, an organic polymer derived from chitin, plays a significant role in this context. However, under certain circumstances, modifications to the chitosan structure are required to enable its use as a cationic polysaccharide. One of the most commonly employed reagents for this purpose is 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In this context, this research aimed to produce a cationic polysaccharide derived from chitosan through the cationization process in different aqueous media using the CHPTAC reagent. The final product was then applied in water treatment, with variations in dosages and pH. The treatment system was simulated using equipment known as the "Jar Test," followed by filtration with filter paper. The research revealed that the cationization of chitosan resulted in a degree of substitution of 1.39, 1.03, and 0.80, respectively, in QCSA, QCSB, and QCSN. The synthesized chitosans achieved removal efficiencies of up to 97.9% for turbidity and 97.2% for color. Unaltered chitosan (QP) achieved a removal percentage of 98.5% for turbidity and 99.1% for color. Among the evaluated dosages, those frequently mentioned with the highest removal percentages were 15 mg/L; however, higher dosages also demonstrated satisfactory results, especially for QP. Regarding the tested pH ranges, each flocculant analyzed exhibited better performance within a specific pH range, with acidic pH being the most frequent. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of chitosan, both in cationic and non-cationic forms, in the physicochemical water treatment process, playing a significant role in reducing color and turbidity. These results highlight that the use of organic flocculants is a viable alternative to replace widely employed inorganic coagulants. |
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2023-11-29T12:30:46Z2023-11-29T12:30:46Z2023-09-26http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/30725Water intended for human consumption must meet the potability standards established by legal regulations. To ensure this, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. These procedures typically involve the application of chemical agents, such as aluminum sulfate. However, the residual presence of these products in the water can lead to adverse impacts on the environment and human health. An alternative to address this issue is the adoption of cationic organic polymers as substitutes for conventional chemical agents. Chitosan, an organic polymer derived from chitin, plays a significant role in this context. However, under certain circumstances, modifications to the chitosan structure are required to enable its use as a cationic polysaccharide. One of the most commonly employed reagents for this purpose is 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In this context, this research aimed to produce a cationic polysaccharide derived from chitosan through the cationization process in different aqueous media using the CHPTAC reagent. The final product was then applied in water treatment, with variations in dosages and pH. The treatment system was simulated using equipment known as the "Jar Test," followed by filtration with filter paper. The research revealed that the cationization of chitosan resulted in a degree of substitution of 1.39, 1.03, and 0.80, respectively, in QCSA, QCSB, and QCSN. The synthesized chitosans achieved removal efficiencies of up to 97.9% for turbidity and 97.2% for color. Unaltered chitosan (QP) achieved a removal percentage of 98.5% for turbidity and 99.1% for color. Among the evaluated dosages, those frequently mentioned with the highest removal percentages were 15 mg/L; however, higher dosages also demonstrated satisfactory results, especially for QP. Regarding the tested pH ranges, each flocculant analyzed exhibited better performance within a specific pH range, with acidic pH being the most frequent. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of chitosan, both in cationic and non-cationic forms, in the physicochemical water treatment process, playing a significant role in reducing color and turbidity. These results highlight that the use of organic flocculants is a viable alternative to replace widely employed inorganic coagulants.A água destinada ao consumo humano deve cumprir os padrões de potabilidade estabelecidos por regulamentos legais, a fim de garantir isso muitas vezes se faz necessário realizar uma série de etapas de tratamento. Estes procedimentos geralmente envolvem a aplicação de agentes químicos, como o sulfato de alumínio, no entanto, a presença residual desses produtos na água pode induzir impactos adversos no meio ambiente e na saúde humana. Uma alternativa para abordar essa problemática é a adoção de polímeros orgânicos catiônicos como substitutos dos agentes químicos convencionais. A quitosana, um polímero orgânico, derivado da quitina, e desempenha um papel relevante nesse contexto. No entanto, em certas circunstâncias, é necessário efetuar modificações na estrutura da quitosana para viabilizar a sua utilização como um polissacarídeo catiônico. Um dos reagentes mais empregados para essa finalidade é o cloreto de 3-cloro-2-hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio (CHPTAC). Nesse contexto, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo a produção de um polissacarídeo catiônico derivado da quitosana por meio do processo de cationização em diferentes meios aquosos, fazendo uso do reagente CHPTAC. O produto final foi então aplicado no tratamento de água, variando as dosagens e o pH. O sistema de tratamento foi simulado através do uso do equipamento conhecido como "Jar Test," seguido de filtração com papel filtro. A pesquisa revelou que a cationização da quitosana resultou em grau de substituição de 1,39, 1,03 e 0,80, respectivamente em QCSA, QCSB e QCSN. As quitosanas sintetizadas obtiveram eficiência de remoção de até 97,9% para turbidez e 97,2% para cor. Enquanto que a quitosana não adulterada (QP) alcançou um percentual de remoção de 98,5% da turbidez e 99,1% da cor. Entre as dosagens avaliadas, aquelas frequentemente mencionadas com os maiores percentuais de remoção foram de 15 mg/L, contudo, dosagens mais elevadas também demonstraram resultados satisfatórios para QP. Com relação às faixas de pH testadas, cada floculante analisado mostrou melhor desempenho em uma faixa de pH específica, sendo que o pH ácido foi o mais frequente. O estudo evidenciou a eficácia da quitosana, tanto na forma catiônica quanto não catiônica, no processo de tratamento físico-químico da água, desempenhando um papel significativo na redução de cor e turbidez. Esses resultados destacam que o uso de agentes floculantes orgânicos são uma alternativa viável à substituição dos coagulantes inorgânicos amplamente empregados.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Rio Grande do Sul - FAPERSporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUFSM Frederico WestphalenPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia AmbientalUFSMBrasilCiências AmbientaisAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAplicaçãoFloculante orgânicoModificação estruturalPolissacarídeos catiônicosQuitosaApplicationOrganic flocculantStructural modificationCationic polysaccharidesChitosanCNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIASSíntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da águaSynthesis and efficiency of cationic chitosan in the physical-chemical treatment of waterinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisWastowski, Arci Dirceuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740Costa Júnior, Jefferson Alves daGiacomelli, Sandro Rogériohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9333022191753181Bastiani, Vanessa Rossato de900500000008600600600600600d3d53c30-246f-4006-b9b9-ac4f3fcba0886a345cb6-29c7-4011-85bf-6a20ef7070f133f9bf61-a979-4684-bd02-90b0e6386581004dfc3d-eef6-492e-91eb-5b6515711ab4reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-816http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/30725/3/license.txtf8fcb28efb1c8cf0dc096bec902bf4c4MD53ORIGINALDIS_PPGCTA_2023_BASTIANI_VANESSA.pdfDIS_PPGCTA_2023_BASTIANI_VANESSA.pdfDissertaçãoapplication/pdf1450598http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/30725/1/DIS_PPGCTA_2023_BASTIANI_VANESSA.pdf68b5eda1999fbbcc2cf5cc6a49155162MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/30725/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD521/307252023-11-29 09:30:46.343oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/30725Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucw==Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestopendoar:39132023-11-29T12:30:46Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Synthesis and efficiency of cationic chitosan in the physical-chemical treatment of water |
title |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
spellingShingle |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água Bastiani, Vanessa Rossato de Aplicação Floculante orgânico Modificação estrutural Polissacarídeos catiônicos Quitosa Application Organic flocculant Structural modification Cationic polysaccharides Chitosan CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
title_short |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
title_full |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
title_fullStr |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
title_full_unstemmed |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
title_sort |
Síntese e eficiência da quitosana catiônica no tratamento físico-químico da água |
author |
Bastiani, Vanessa Rossato de |
author_facet |
Bastiani, Vanessa Rossato de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Wastowski, Arci Dirceu |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Costa Júnior, Jefferson Alves da |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Giacomelli, Sandro Rogério |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9333022191753181 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Bastiani, Vanessa Rossato de |
contributor_str_mv |
Wastowski, Arci Dirceu Costa Júnior, Jefferson Alves da Giacomelli, Sandro Rogério |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Aplicação Floculante orgânico Modificação estrutural Polissacarídeos catiônicos Quitosa |
topic |
Aplicação Floculante orgânico Modificação estrutural Polissacarídeos catiônicos Quitosa Application Organic flocculant Structural modification Cationic polysaccharides Chitosan CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Application Organic flocculant Structural modification Cationic polysaccharides Chitosan |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
description |
Water intended for human consumption must meet the potability standards established by legal regulations. To ensure this, it is often necessary to carry out a series of treatment steps. These procedures typically involve the application of chemical agents, such as aluminum sulfate. However, the residual presence of these products in the water can lead to adverse impacts on the environment and human health. An alternative to address this issue is the adoption of cationic organic polymers as substitutes for conventional chemical agents. Chitosan, an organic polymer derived from chitin, plays a significant role in this context. However, under certain circumstances, modifications to the chitosan structure are required to enable its use as a cationic polysaccharide. One of the most commonly employed reagents for this purpose is 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). In this context, this research aimed to produce a cationic polysaccharide derived from chitosan through the cationization process in different aqueous media using the CHPTAC reagent. The final product was then applied in water treatment, with variations in dosages and pH. The treatment system was simulated using equipment known as the "Jar Test," followed by filtration with filter paper. The research revealed that the cationization of chitosan resulted in a degree of substitution of 1.39, 1.03, and 0.80, respectively, in QCSA, QCSB, and QCSN. The synthesized chitosans achieved removal efficiencies of up to 97.9% for turbidity and 97.2% for color. Unaltered chitosan (QP) achieved a removal percentage of 98.5% for turbidity and 99.1% for color. Among the evaluated dosages, those frequently mentioned with the highest removal percentages were 15 mg/L; however, higher dosages also demonstrated satisfactory results, especially for QP. Regarding the tested pH ranges, each flocculant analyzed exhibited better performance within a specific pH range, with acidic pH being the most frequent. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of chitosan, both in cationic and non-cationic forms, in the physicochemical water treatment process, playing a significant role in reducing color and turbidity. These results highlight that the use of organic flocculants is a viable alternative to replace widely employed inorganic coagulants. |
publishDate |
2023 |
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2023-11-29T12:30:46Z |
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2023-11-29T12:30:46Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2023-09-26 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
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masterThesis |
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por |
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900500000008 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental |
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UFSM |
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Brasil |
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Ciências Ambientais |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
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