Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2005 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3308 |
Resumo: | Soil compaction is closed related to agriculture as well as animal production management. Soil quality improvement has not been always achieved with use of soil conservation practice as no-tillage or use of animal production integrated to agriculture management. Agricultural traffic and soil management effects on soil compaction are not well known, specially associated to wet soils, and in many cases, has induced to compaction states which restrict crop growth and productivity, which in turn, has lead farmers to break the compaction using mechanical tools as plow or chisel. To better understand compaction effects and critical values of soil physical properties on black beans growth and productivity four studies were set up out in the field. Another field study were performed in five typical dairy farms in Rio Grande do Sul plateau which use systems with agriculture integrated with animal production, including forage management and time of grazing. The objective of this study was to study animal trampling effects on soil physical properties, bulk density, porosity and soil resistance. The first experiment cultivated black beansi in a clayey Oxisol with the following treatments: a) immediate compaction caused by traffic of 16.6 Mg front buck loader; b) chiseling and; c)residual compaction from six years no-tillage. The additional compaction affected mass-volume relations, soil moisture and resistance, a well as black beans growth and productivity. The other three experiments were carried out in an Alfisol from central depression of Rio Grande do Sul with objectives to compare effects of immediate and residual compaction and soil chiseled on soil physical properties and black beans growth and productivity. The immediate compaction was obtained by traffic of a 9 Mg buck loader on present soil condition and on soil compacted with 10 Mg one year ago. For studied Alfisol the bulk density which restricted crop growth and productivity had value higher than 1.7 Mg m-3. The state of compaction with bulk density higher than 1.8 Mg m-3 and macroporority lower than 0.1 m3 m-3 reduced black beans height, leaf area index and crop productivity in abou 50%. The negative effects of additional compaction were maintained after twelve months and succession of three crops (soybeans, oats and black beans), reducing the black benas productivity in 61.8 %. Breaking compaction of a Oxisol under six no-tillage or Alfisol under twelve years no-tillage by soil chiseling did not improve soil quality which induce significant black benas productivity. The bulk density expressed the increase of soil compaction caused by animal trampling, reaching values of 1.77 Mg m-3, measured immediately after animal trampling and, was more significant at superficial layers where the effects on macroporosity were greater. |
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2017-03-282017-03-282005-02-28COLLARES, Gilberto Loguercio. Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas. 2005. 107 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3308Soil compaction is closed related to agriculture as well as animal production management. Soil quality improvement has not been always achieved with use of soil conservation practice as no-tillage or use of animal production integrated to agriculture management. Agricultural traffic and soil management effects on soil compaction are not well known, specially associated to wet soils, and in many cases, has induced to compaction states which restrict crop growth and productivity, which in turn, has lead farmers to break the compaction using mechanical tools as plow or chisel. To better understand compaction effects and critical values of soil physical properties on black beans growth and productivity four studies were set up out in the field. Another field study were performed in five typical dairy farms in Rio Grande do Sul plateau which use systems with agriculture integrated with animal production, including forage management and time of grazing. The objective of this study was to study animal trampling effects on soil physical properties, bulk density, porosity and soil resistance. The first experiment cultivated black beansi in a clayey Oxisol with the following treatments: a) immediate compaction caused by traffic of 16.6 Mg front buck loader; b) chiseling and; c)residual compaction from six years no-tillage. The additional compaction affected mass-volume relations, soil moisture and resistance, a well as black beans growth and productivity. The other three experiments were carried out in an Alfisol from central depression of Rio Grande do Sul with objectives to compare effects of immediate and residual compaction and soil chiseled on soil physical properties and black beans growth and productivity. The immediate compaction was obtained by traffic of a 9 Mg buck loader on present soil condition and on soil compacted with 10 Mg one year ago. For studied Alfisol the bulk density which restricted crop growth and productivity had value higher than 1.7 Mg m-3. The state of compaction with bulk density higher than 1.8 Mg m-3 and macroporority lower than 0.1 m3 m-3 reduced black beans height, leaf area index and crop productivity in abou 50%. The negative effects of additional compaction were maintained after twelve months and succession of three crops (soybeans, oats and black beans), reducing the black benas productivity in 61.8 %. Breaking compaction of a Oxisol under six no-tillage or Alfisol under twelve years no-tillage by soil chiseling did not improve soil quality which induce significant black benas productivity. The bulk density expressed the increase of soil compaction caused by animal trampling, reaching values of 1.77 Mg m-3, measured immediately after animal trampling and, was more significant at superficial layers where the effects on macroporosity were greater.A compactação dos solos está intimamente relacionada com o manejo da agricultura e da pecuária na propriedade rural. A adoção de práticas conservacionistas como o plantio direto e a integração pecuária e agricultura não tem refletido em segurança aos agricultores quanto à melhoria permanente de aspectos físicos, químicos e biológicos do solo. O desconhecimento de ideais condições de trafegabilidade e manejo dos solos, associado à umidade inadequada às práticas agrícolas, tem aumentado a compactação do solo, podendo comprometer a produtividade e o desenvolvimento de plantas exigindo a adoção de medidas extremas como a escarificação do solo para melhorar a condição presente. Foram realizados quatro experimentos a campo, onde os efeitos da compactação causada pelo tráfego de máquinas foram avaliados pelos atributos do solo e no crescimento e produtividade da cultura do feijão. Outro estudo, realizado a campo, em cinco propriedades típicas de produção leiteira do planalto riograndense, que adotavam como sistema de produção a integração lavoura e pecuária, com distintos manejos de forrageiras e tempo de permanência dos animais nas glebas, teve por objetivo estudar o impacto do pisoteio animal nos atributos físicos do solo como: densidade, porosidade e resistência do solo a penetração. No primeiro experimento foi cultivado feijão em Latossolo argiloso do Planalto Gaúcho e se estabeleceu comparação entre: a) compactação imediata aplicada por tráfego de máquina com 16,6 Mg, b) compactação residual de 6 anos de plantio direto, e c) escarificação. A compactação adicional afetou as relações massa-volume, a umidade e a resistência do solo à penetração, assim como, a produtividade e o crescimento do feijoeiro. Os outros experimentos foram desenvolvidos em Argissolo da Depressão Central do RS, com o objetivo de comparar estados de compactação imediata, compactação residual aplicada em ano anterior e residual de compactação de 12 anos de plantio direto com a escarificação nas propriedades físicas do solo, na umidade e no crescimento e produtividade do feijoeiro. A compactação imediata foi obtida pelo tráfego de máquina com 9 Mg sobre o solo na condição presente e sobre resíduo de compactação de tráfego de 10 Mg aplicada em ano anterior. No Latossolo a densidade restritiva a produtividade do feijão e do trigo foi de 1,4 a 1,5 Mg m-3. Para o Argissolo, a densidade do solo restritiva a produtividade do feijoeiro foi superior a 1,7 Mg m-3. Os estados de compactação com densidade do solo maior que 1,8 Mg m-3 e macroporosidade menor que 0,1 m3 m-3, reduziram a altura de planta, a área foliar e a produtividade do feijoeiro em torno de 50 %. Os efeitos negativos da compactação adicional mantiveram-se após doze meses e sucessão de três cultivos (soja, aveia e feijão), reduzindo a produtividade de feijão em 61,8 %. O valor da densidade crítica baseada no intervalo hídrico ótimo (IHO) foi de 1,75 Mg m-3. A escarificação não representou ganho em qualidade do solo para áreas com seis anos de plantio direto em Latossolo e doze anos de plantio direto em Argissolo que implicasse em aumento de produtividade. A densidade do solo expressou o aumento da compactação do solo provocada pelo pisoteio animal, atingindo o valor de 1,77 Mg m-3 medida imediatamente após o pisoteio animal e mostrando-se mais significativa nas camadas superficiais do solo e, nessas, os efeitos na macroporosidade foram mais evidentes.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sulapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBRAgronomiaCompactação do soloPisoteio animalDensidadePorosidadeIHOUmidadeFeijãoAgronomiaSoloBulk densityPorosityCompactionSoil moistureTramplingGrowth and productivityBlack beansCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOCompactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantasinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisReinert, Dalvan Joséhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4793527A1Reichert, José Miguelhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787840U9Albuquerque, Jackson Adrianohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768301T7Righes, Afrânio Almirhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787537Y9Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Dinizhttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760008Z3http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4705432E8Collares, Gilberto Loguercio50010010000540030030030030050030054e68798-6e13-4f37-9b69-26de96d905cccba4100f-fafe-4a7c-b627-ff8766055ca1557cd84a-9e51-4228-9af5-733f6f283f8e13f7d48d-4f5d-481d-bd5a-e3961f316fbd4afd8a5e-644e-4d49-81f8-ac908fc826e3f3233955-217d-44ea-a9ee-c2947dbcedcainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALTese Collares.pdfapplication/pdf1986354http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3308/1/Tese%20Collares.pdf5c67d79b585ebe7ae4bf2c2d7f8da916MD51TEXTTese Collares.pdf.txtTese Collares.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain200050http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3308/2/Tese%20Collares.pdf.txt70dbe7daa93c1493ed1896c41b694c4aMD52THUMBNAILTese Collares.pdf.jpgTese Collares.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4979http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/3308/3/Tese%20Collares.pdf.jpgc6e29936c63533deb9d302d0919f12adMD531/33082017-07-25 10:54:22.169oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/3308Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestouvidoria@ufsm.bropendoar:39132017-07-25T13:54:22Repositório Institucional Manancial UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
title |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
spellingShingle |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas Collares, Gilberto Loguercio Compactação do solo Pisoteio animal Densidade Porosidade IHO Umidade Feijão Agronomia Solo Bulk density Porosity Compaction Soil moisture Trampling Growth and productivity Black beans CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
title_full |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
title_fullStr |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
title_full_unstemmed |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
title_sort |
Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas |
author |
Collares, Gilberto Loguercio |
author_facet |
Collares, Gilberto Loguercio |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Reinert, Dalvan José |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4793527A1 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Reichert, José Miguel |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787840U9 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Albuquerque, Jackson Adriano |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4768301T7 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Righes, Afrânio Almir |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4787537Y9 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Diniz |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4760008Z3 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4705432E8 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Collares, Gilberto Loguercio |
contributor_str_mv |
Reinert, Dalvan José Reichert, José Miguel Albuquerque, Jackson Adriano Righes, Afrânio Almir Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Diniz |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Compactação do solo Pisoteio animal Densidade Porosidade IHO Umidade Feijão Agronomia Solo |
topic |
Compactação do solo Pisoteio animal Densidade Porosidade IHO Umidade Feijão Agronomia Solo Bulk density Porosity Compaction Soil moisture Trampling Growth and productivity Black beans CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Bulk density Porosity Compaction Soil moisture Trampling Growth and productivity Black beans |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
Soil compaction is closed related to agriculture as well as animal production management. Soil quality improvement has not been always achieved with use of soil conservation practice as no-tillage or use of animal production integrated to agriculture management. Agricultural traffic and soil management effects on soil compaction are not well known, specially associated to wet soils, and in many cases, has induced to compaction states which restrict crop growth and productivity, which in turn, has lead farmers to break the compaction using mechanical tools as plow or chisel. To better understand compaction effects and critical values of soil physical properties on black beans growth and productivity four studies were set up out in the field. Another field study were performed in five typical dairy farms in Rio Grande do Sul plateau which use systems with agriculture integrated with animal production, including forage management and time of grazing. The objective of this study was to study animal trampling effects on soil physical properties, bulk density, porosity and soil resistance. The first experiment cultivated black beansi in a clayey Oxisol with the following treatments: a) immediate compaction caused by traffic of 16.6 Mg front buck loader; b) chiseling and; c)residual compaction from six years no-tillage. The additional compaction affected mass-volume relations, soil moisture and resistance, a well as black beans growth and productivity. The other three experiments were carried out in an Alfisol from central depression of Rio Grande do Sul with objectives to compare effects of immediate and residual compaction and soil chiseled on soil physical properties and black beans growth and productivity. The immediate compaction was obtained by traffic of a 9 Mg buck loader on present soil condition and on soil compacted with 10 Mg one year ago. For studied Alfisol the bulk density which restricted crop growth and productivity had value higher than 1.7 Mg m-3. The state of compaction with bulk density higher than 1.8 Mg m-3 and macroporority lower than 0.1 m3 m-3 reduced black beans height, leaf area index and crop productivity in abou 50%. The negative effects of additional compaction were maintained after twelve months and succession of three crops (soybeans, oats and black beans), reducing the black benas productivity in 61.8 %. Breaking compaction of a Oxisol under six no-tillage or Alfisol under twelve years no-tillage by soil chiseling did not improve soil quality which induce significant black benas productivity. The bulk density expressed the increase of soil compaction caused by animal trampling, reaching values of 1.77 Mg m-3, measured immediately after animal trampling and, was more significant at superficial layers where the effects on macroporosity were greater. |
publishDate |
2005 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2005-02-28 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-28 |
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2017-03-28 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
COLLARES, Gilberto Loguercio. Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas. 2005. 107 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3308 |
identifier_str_mv |
COLLARES, Gilberto Loguercio. Compactação em latossolos e argissolo e relação com parâmetros de solos e de plantas. 2005. 107 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3308 |
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400 300 300 300 300 500 300 |
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UFSM |
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Agronomia |
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