Propriedades físicas e quimicas do solo e crescimento de Eucalyptus dunnii maiden em diferentes espaçamentos de plantio

• Autor(a) principal: Rosa, Suzana Ferreira da
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3757
• topic: Qualidade do solo; Densidade de plantas; Cultivo de eucalipto; Soil quality; Plant density; Eucalyptus cultivation; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL

The study was carried out to evaluate the changes in the physical and chemical properties of a sandy soil and the tree growth after afforestation of an Eucalyptus forest planted in different spacing. It was accomplished an experiment planted with Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden planted on native grassland. The spacings of cultivation were 3,50x3,50m; 3,50x1,75m; 1,75x1,75m and 1,75x0,87m. The soil studied was an Alfisol located in São Francisco de Assis city. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with four replicates. It was studied physical and chemical properties of the soil before and after 24 and 36 months of old. Soil samples were taken, for each experimental unit, in the layers soil 0,00-0,10m; 0,10-0,20m; 0,20-0,40m to determine physical properties and layers ,00-0,10m; 0,10-0,20m; 0,20-0,40m; 0,40-0,60m; 0,60-1,00m to chemical properties. The soil physical properties measured were: bulk density, total, macro and microporosity and wet aggregate size distribution. The soil chemical properties measured were: water pH, exchange Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium, available Phosphorus, and Total Nitrogen and Organic Carbon. The trees growth was evaluated to 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 and 42 months old, it was measured breast height diameter (DAP) and height of the plants, the survival percentage was determined and calculated the basal area for hectare. The results indicate to Eucalyptus cultivation changed soil structure by reduce the aggregation, the bulk density and the macroporosity. However it is not observed effect of the plant spacing on the physical properties to 24 and 36 months of Eucalyptus cultivation. In the chemical properties the Eucalyptus cultivation reduced pH, Ca and K contents of the surface layers and increase Ca content of the deep layers, increase contents Mg contents of the surface layers and reduced in the 0,60-1,00m layer; reduced contents of the N and C in the surface layers. It is not observed effect of the spacing planting in the survival percentage until 42 months old. It was higher DAP in the large plant space, while the height was higher in the narrower plant spacing, however this resulted can be changed because the forest is in full fledge. The basal area per hectare was higher in the narrower plant spacing because of there are more plants.