Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19648 |
Resumo: | Soybean is considered the most economically important crop in Brazil, but its yield may be reduced due to pathogens and pests, if not controlled. Plant-parasitic nematodes are responsible for part of this decrease. Among the nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, the Meloidogyne javanica is the most worrying due to its large number of hosts and its wide geographical distribution. To reduce the use of chemical control, to mitigate environmental damage, has been opted for alternative controls. Integrated management is the set of controls in which biological control, genetic control, physical control, and cultural control assist in reducing the use of chemical control, but with the same efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate different soybean genotypes regarding their reaction to M. javanica, and to evaluate if isolates of Trichoderma from different regions of Brazil can control M. javanica. The inoculum was obtained from soybean plants and reinoculated in tomato for proliferation. For the reaction test, 37 soybean cultivars were tested, which were inoculated for each plant 5,000 eggs + second stage juveniles (J2), with six replications each, also containing control treatment. The experiment was evaluated 60 days after inoculation, weighing the roots, and counting the number of galls and number of nematodes per gram of root to calculate the reproduction factor. For the in vitro tests of parasitism, and mortality and egg + J2 hatching inhibition, 40 Trichoderma isolates were obtained (4 isolates from the Midwest, 7 isolates from the Southeast and 29 isolates from the South). Next, a suspension of nematodes was made and individually separated 50 eggs + J2 that was passed to individual wells of the Elisa plate, and a spore solution from each isolate was pipetted into each well for parasitism test and a fungal filtrate solution for each isolate for the mortality test and egg + J2 hatching inhibition. After 15 days of application parasitism, 48 hours after application mortality was evaluated and 21 days after application inhibition of egg + J2 hatching was evaluated. All cultivars had reproductive factor greater than 1, which characterizes susceptibility to M. javanica. The in vitro tests resulted in values above 85.50% parasitism, 65.30% mortality of J2 and 66.00% inhibition of egg + J2 hatching. It can be concluded that the use of Trichoderma and less susceptible cultivar, such as FPS ATALANTA with FR = 1.2, can help the management of M. javanica in the field. |
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Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanicaReaction of soybean cultivars and use of Trichoderma spp. for integrated management of Meloidogyne javanicaControle biológicoNematoide-das-galhasGlycine maxControle genéticoFungos nematófagosBiological controlRoot-knot nematodeIntegrated managementGenetic controlNematophagous fungiCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIASoybean is considered the most economically important crop in Brazil, but its yield may be reduced due to pathogens and pests, if not controlled. Plant-parasitic nematodes are responsible for part of this decrease. Among the nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, the Meloidogyne javanica is the most worrying due to its large number of hosts and its wide geographical distribution. To reduce the use of chemical control, to mitigate environmental damage, has been opted for alternative controls. Integrated management is the set of controls in which biological control, genetic control, physical control, and cultural control assist in reducing the use of chemical control, but with the same efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate different soybean genotypes regarding their reaction to M. javanica, and to evaluate if isolates of Trichoderma from different regions of Brazil can control M. javanica. The inoculum was obtained from soybean plants and reinoculated in tomato for proliferation. For the reaction test, 37 soybean cultivars were tested, which were inoculated for each plant 5,000 eggs + second stage juveniles (J2), with six replications each, also containing control treatment. The experiment was evaluated 60 days after inoculation, weighing the roots, and counting the number of galls and number of nematodes per gram of root to calculate the reproduction factor. For the in vitro tests of parasitism, and mortality and egg + J2 hatching inhibition, 40 Trichoderma isolates were obtained (4 isolates from the Midwest, 7 isolates from the Southeast and 29 isolates from the South). Next, a suspension of nematodes was made and individually separated 50 eggs + J2 that was passed to individual wells of the Elisa plate, and a spore solution from each isolate was pipetted into each well for parasitism test and a fungal filtrate solution for each isolate for the mortality test and egg + J2 hatching inhibition. After 15 days of application parasitism, 48 hours after application mortality was evaluated and 21 days after application inhibition of egg + J2 hatching was evaluated. All cultivars had reproductive factor greater than 1, which characterizes susceptibility to M. javanica. The in vitro tests resulted in values above 85.50% parasitism, 65.30% mortality of J2 and 66.00% inhibition of egg + J2 hatching. It can be concluded that the use of Trichoderma and less susceptible cultivar, such as FPS ATALANTA with FR = 1.2, can help the management of M. javanica in the field.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqA soja é considerada a cultura mais importante economicamente no Brasil, porém a sua produtividade pode ser diminuída devido a patógenos e pragas, caso não seja realizado um controle destes. Os fitonematoides são responsáveis por parte dessa diminuição. Dentre os nematoides do gênero Meloidogyne, o Meloidogyne javanica é o mais preocupante por sua grande quantidade de hospedeiros e sua ampla distribuição geográfica. Para diminuir o uso do controle químico, para mitigar danos ao meio ambiente, têm se optado por controles alternativos. O manejo integrado é o conjunto de controles, em que o controle biológico, controle genético, controle físico e controle cultural auxiliam na redução do uso de controle químico, porém com mesma eficiência. Neste trabalho objetivou-se avaliar diferentes genótipos de soja quanto a sua reação à M. javanica, e avaliar se isolados de Trichoderma, oriundos de diferentes regiões do Brasil, podem controlar M. javanica. A obtenção dos inóculos foi a partir de plantas de soja e re-inoculados em tomate para proliferação. Para o teste de reação, foi testado 37 cultivares de soja, que foram inoculados para cada planta 5.000 ovos + juvenis de segundo estágio (J2), com seis repetições cada, também contendo tratamento controle. O experimento foi avaliado 60 dias após a inoculação, realizando a pesagem das raízes, e contando o número de galhas e número de nematoides por grama de raíz para o cálculo do fator de reprodução. Para os testes in vitro de parasitismo e de mortalidade e inibição da eclosão de J2, foi obtido 40 isolados de Trichoderma (4 isolados do Centro-Oeste, 7 isolados do Sudeste e 29 isolados do Sul). A seguir, foi realizada uma suspensão de nematoides e individualmente separados 50 ovos + J2 e passados para poços individuais da placa de Elisa, e pipetado em cada poço uma solução de esporos de cada isolado para o teste de parasitismo e uma solução de filtrados fúngicos de cada isolado para o teste de mortalidade e inibição da eclosão de J2. Após 15 dias a aplicação o parasitismo, 48 horas após a aplicação foi avaliada a mortalidade e 21 dias após a aplicação foi avaliada a inibição da eclosão dos J2. Todas cultivares obtiveram fator de reprodução maior que 1, que caracteriza susceptibilidade à M. javanica. Os resultados dos testes in vitro, obteve-se valores acima de 85,50% de parasitismo, 65,30% de mortalidade de J2 e 66,00% da inibição da eclosão de J2. Conclui-se que o manejo o uso de Trichoderma e cultivar menos suscetível, como a FPS ATALANTA com FR=1,2, podem auxiliar no manejo do M. javanica à campo.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloCentro de Ciências RuraisAntoniolli, Zaida Ineshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4692942549618168Bellé, Cristianohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2321906567226614Rodrigues, José Carlos Verlehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9485800449492363Balardin, Ricardo Rubin2020-02-21T14:34:28Z2020-02-21T14:34:28Z2019-12-20info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19648porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-01-18T11:40:33Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/19648Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-01-18T11:40:33Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica Reaction of soybean cultivars and use of Trichoderma spp. for integrated management of Meloidogyne javanica |
title |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
spellingShingle |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica Balardin, Ricardo Rubin Controle biológico Nematoide-das-galhas Glycine max Controle genético Fungos nematófagos Biological control Root-knot nematode Integrated management Genetic control Nematophagous fungi CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
title_full |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
title_fullStr |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
title_full_unstemmed |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
title_sort |
Reação de cultivares de soja e utilização de Trichoderma spp. para o manejo integrado de Meloidogyne javanica |
author |
Balardin, Ricardo Rubin |
author_facet |
Balardin, Ricardo Rubin |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Antoniolli, Zaida Ines http://lattes.cnpq.br/4692942549618168 Bellé, Cristiano http://lattes.cnpq.br/2321906567226614 Rodrigues, José Carlos Verle http://lattes.cnpq.br/9485800449492363 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Balardin, Ricardo Rubin |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Controle biológico Nematoide-das-galhas Glycine max Controle genético Fungos nematófagos Biological control Root-knot nematode Integrated management Genetic control Nematophagous fungi CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Controle biológico Nematoide-das-galhas Glycine max Controle genético Fungos nematófagos Biological control Root-knot nematode Integrated management Genetic control Nematophagous fungi CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Soybean is considered the most economically important crop in Brazil, but its yield may be reduced due to pathogens and pests, if not controlled. Plant-parasitic nematodes are responsible for part of this decrease. Among the nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne, the Meloidogyne javanica is the most worrying due to its large number of hosts and its wide geographical distribution. To reduce the use of chemical control, to mitigate environmental damage, has been opted for alternative controls. Integrated management is the set of controls in which biological control, genetic control, physical control, and cultural control assist in reducing the use of chemical control, but with the same efficiency. The objective of this work was to evaluate different soybean genotypes regarding their reaction to M. javanica, and to evaluate if isolates of Trichoderma from different regions of Brazil can control M. javanica. The inoculum was obtained from soybean plants and reinoculated in tomato for proliferation. For the reaction test, 37 soybean cultivars were tested, which were inoculated for each plant 5,000 eggs + second stage juveniles (J2), with six replications each, also containing control treatment. The experiment was evaluated 60 days after inoculation, weighing the roots, and counting the number of galls and number of nematodes per gram of root to calculate the reproduction factor. For the in vitro tests of parasitism, and mortality and egg + J2 hatching inhibition, 40 Trichoderma isolates were obtained (4 isolates from the Midwest, 7 isolates from the Southeast and 29 isolates from the South). Next, a suspension of nematodes was made and individually separated 50 eggs + J2 that was passed to individual wells of the Elisa plate, and a spore solution from each isolate was pipetted into each well for parasitism test and a fungal filtrate solution for each isolate for the mortality test and egg + J2 hatching inhibition. After 15 days of application parasitism, 48 hours after application mortality was evaluated and 21 days after application inhibition of egg + J2 hatching was evaluated. All cultivars had reproductive factor greater than 1, which characterizes susceptibility to M. javanica. The in vitro tests resulted in values above 85.50% parasitism, 65.30% mortality of J2 and 66.00% inhibition of egg + J2 hatching. It can be concluded that the use of Trichoderma and less susceptible cultivar, such as FPS ATALANTA with FR = 1.2, can help the management of M. javanica in the field. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-12-20 2020-02-21T14:34:28Z 2020-02-21T14:34:28Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19648 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19648 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922089827303424 |