Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17567 |
Resumo: | In the last decades, it has been more intensive the development and improvement of techniques which aim to provide the sustainability of productive farming systems, while increasing their yields. In this scenario, is included the no-tillage system (SPD), which continuous use, observing the practices recommended by the management system besides the soil preservation practices, has been showed noticeable effects on the improvement of soil physical, biological and, possibly, mineralogical attributes. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the no-tillage system effects on the soil Fe oxides and kaolinite (Kt), resulted from 24 years using the following management systems: i) absence of agricultural cultivation, ii) SPD without grazing, iii) SPD with grazing simulation and iiv) native pasture – control. The effects evaluation was made through a chemical attributes analysis, use of x-ray diffraction and thermal analysis techniques, applied on soil layers of 0-5cm and 5-10cm in a Typic Paleudalf of the Central Depression region of Rio Grande do Sul. Although some physical and chemical attributes were altered, through the techniques used it was not possible to show treatments effects on Fe oxides, Kt and 2: 1 amounts mineralogy changes after 24 years of implantation on the Paleudalf. The Fe oxides abundance indicated the predominance of crystalline forms over the low crystallinity ones in all treatments and in the control, which did not have differences between the two layers. The isomorphic substitutions of Fe for were more significant in the less crystalline oxides. The Fe oxides crystallography referred to the greater occurrence of goethite (Gt) in comparison to the hematite (Hm), corroborating the results identified in the reflexes of the x-ray diffractograms. The isomorphic substitution (SI) was more expressive in Gt, and the predominance of widths at higher half (LMA) in these oxides indicated their lower degree of crystallinity compared to Hm. The average crystal diameters (DMC) indicated higher crystal occurrence in Hm, but with lower abundance compared to Gt. The higher values of the Gt / Gt + Hm ratio in the more superficial portion indicate there is a Gt formation promotion at this depth. It was verified a disordered Kt expressiveness in relation to more crystalline forms. In the two layers there were no distinctions between treatments with respect to the development of Kt crystals. The SC treatment showed the soil losses effect on Kt expressiveness, Kt IC and 2: 1 minerals. |
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Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anosClay fraction mineralogy of a paleudalf after submitted to twenty-four years of no-tillage systemSistema de plantio direto na palhaAusência de cultivoCampo nativoMineralogia do soloNo-tillage system on strawLack of cultivationNative pastureSoil mineralogyCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAIn the last decades, it has been more intensive the development and improvement of techniques which aim to provide the sustainability of productive farming systems, while increasing their yields. In this scenario, is included the no-tillage system (SPD), which continuous use, observing the practices recommended by the management system besides the soil preservation practices, has been showed noticeable effects on the improvement of soil physical, biological and, possibly, mineralogical attributes. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the no-tillage system effects on the soil Fe oxides and kaolinite (Kt), resulted from 24 years using the following management systems: i) absence of agricultural cultivation, ii) SPD without grazing, iii) SPD with grazing simulation and iiv) native pasture – control. The effects evaluation was made through a chemical attributes analysis, use of x-ray diffraction and thermal analysis techniques, applied on soil layers of 0-5cm and 5-10cm in a Typic Paleudalf of the Central Depression region of Rio Grande do Sul. Although some physical and chemical attributes were altered, through the techniques used it was not possible to show treatments effects on Fe oxides, Kt and 2: 1 amounts mineralogy changes after 24 years of implantation on the Paleudalf. The Fe oxides abundance indicated the predominance of crystalline forms over the low crystallinity ones in all treatments and in the control, which did not have differences between the two layers. The isomorphic substitutions of Fe for were more significant in the less crystalline oxides. The Fe oxides crystallography referred to the greater occurrence of goethite (Gt) in comparison to the hematite (Hm), corroborating the results identified in the reflexes of the x-ray diffractograms. The isomorphic substitution (SI) was more expressive in Gt, and the predominance of widths at higher half (LMA) in these oxides indicated their lower degree of crystallinity compared to Hm. The average crystal diameters (DMC) indicated higher crystal occurrence in Hm, but with lower abundance compared to Gt. The higher values of the Gt / Gt + Hm ratio in the more superficial portion indicate there is a Gt formation promotion at this depth. It was verified a disordered Kt expressiveness in relation to more crystalline forms. In the two layers there were no distinctions between treatments with respect to the development of Kt crystals. The SC treatment showed the soil losses effect on Kt expressiveness, Kt IC and 2: 1 minerals.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - FAPERGSNas últimas décadas, cada vez mais têm-se intensificado o desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de técnicas que vislumbrem proporcionar a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas produtivos, ao mesmo tempo que incrementem seus rendimentos. Nesse cenário, inclui-se o sistema de plantio direto na palha (SPD), onde seu uso contínuo, observando-se as práticas preconizadas pelo sistema de manejo, além da preservação do solo, têm oportunizado efeitos notórios quanto a melhoria dos seus atributos físicos, químicos, biológicos e possivelmente dos mineralógicos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar qualitativamente, por meio da avaliação dos atributos químicos, da utilização de técnicas de difração de raios-X e análise térmica, os efeitos do sistema de semeadura direta sobre a mineralogia, principalmente dos óxidos de Fe e da caulinita (Kt), resultantes da utilização dos seguintes manejos: i) ausência de cultivo agrícola, ii) SPD sem pastejo, iii) SPD com simulação de pastejo e iiv) testemunha campo nativo, nas camadas 0-5 cm e 5-10 cm do solo, pelo período de 24 anos, em um Argissolo Vermelho da Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul. Apesar de ocorrerem alterações em alguns atributos físicos e químicos, através das técnicas utilizadas, não foi possível evidenciar os efeitos dos tratamentos na alteração na mineralogia dos óxidos de Fe, da Kt e quantidades de 2:1 após 24 anos de implantação no Argissolo. A abundância dos óxidos de Fe indicou a predominância das formas cristalinas sobre as de baixa cristalinidade em todos os tratamentos e na testemunha, que não se diferenciaram entre si nas duas camadas. As substituições isomórficas de Fe por Al foram mais expressivas nos óxidos menos cristalinos. A cristalografia dos óxidos de Fe remeteu à maior ocorrência de goethita (Gt) em comparação à hematita (Hm), corroborando os resultados identificados nos reflexos dos difratogramas de Raios-X. A substituição isomórfica (SI) foi mais expressiva na Gt, e a predominância das larguras à meia altura (LMA) maiores nesses óxidos, indicaram seu menor grau de cristalinidade em comparação às Hm. Os diâmetros médios dos cristais (DMC) indicaram ocorrência de cristais maiores na Hm, porém com menor abundância em comparação à Gt. Os valores mais elevados da Relação Gt/Gt+Hm na porção mais superficial indicam favorecimento da formação da Gt nesta profundidade. Verificou-se a expressividade da Kt desordenada em relação às formas mais cristalinas. Nas duas camadas não houveram distinções entre tratamentos com relação ao desenvolvimento dos cristais de Kt. O tratamento SC expressou efeito das perdas de solo na expressividade da Kt, no IC da Kt e na presença dos minerais 2:1.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloCentro de Ciências RuraisPedron, Fabrício de Araújohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6868334304493274Schenato, Ricardo Bergamohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4043277579467500Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Dinizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3735884911693854Pocojeski, Elisandrahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9286075721663392Miguel, Pablohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4145554276881172Lorensi, Juliana2019-07-26T15:37:58Z2019-07-26T15:37:58Z2018-03-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17567porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2019-07-27T06:02:06Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/17567Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2019-07-27T06:02:06Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos Clay fraction mineralogy of a paleudalf after submitted to twenty-four years of no-tillage system |
title |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
spellingShingle |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos Lorensi, Juliana Sistema de plantio direto na palha Ausência de cultivo Campo nativo Mineralogia do solo No-tillage system on straw Lack of cultivation Native pasture Soil mineralogy CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
title_full |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
title_fullStr |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
title_sort |
Mineralogia da fração argila de um argissolo submetido ao sistema de plantio direto por vinte e quatro anos |
author |
Lorensi, Juliana |
author_facet |
Lorensi, Juliana |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Pedron, Fabrício de Araújo http://lattes.cnpq.br/6868334304493274 Schenato, Ricardo Bergamo http://lattes.cnpq.br/4043277579467500 Dalmolin, Ricardo Simão Diniz http://lattes.cnpq.br/3735884911693854 Pocojeski, Elisandra http://lattes.cnpq.br/9286075721663392 Miguel, Pablo http://lattes.cnpq.br/4145554276881172 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Lorensi, Juliana |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sistema de plantio direto na palha Ausência de cultivo Campo nativo Mineralogia do solo No-tillage system on straw Lack of cultivation Native pasture Soil mineralogy CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Sistema de plantio direto na palha Ausência de cultivo Campo nativo Mineralogia do solo No-tillage system on straw Lack of cultivation Native pasture Soil mineralogy CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
In the last decades, it has been more intensive the development and improvement of techniques which aim to provide the sustainability of productive farming systems, while increasing their yields. In this scenario, is included the no-tillage system (SPD), which continuous use, observing the practices recommended by the management system besides the soil preservation practices, has been showed noticeable effects on the improvement of soil physical, biological and, possibly, mineralogical attributes. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the no-tillage system effects on the soil Fe oxides and kaolinite (Kt), resulted from 24 years using the following management systems: i) absence of agricultural cultivation, ii) SPD without grazing, iii) SPD with grazing simulation and iiv) native pasture – control. The effects evaluation was made through a chemical attributes analysis, use of x-ray diffraction and thermal analysis techniques, applied on soil layers of 0-5cm and 5-10cm in a Typic Paleudalf of the Central Depression region of Rio Grande do Sul. Although some physical and chemical attributes were altered, through the techniques used it was not possible to show treatments effects on Fe oxides, Kt and 2: 1 amounts mineralogy changes after 24 years of implantation on the Paleudalf. The Fe oxides abundance indicated the predominance of crystalline forms over the low crystallinity ones in all treatments and in the control, which did not have differences between the two layers. The isomorphic substitutions of Fe for were more significant in the less crystalline oxides. The Fe oxides crystallography referred to the greater occurrence of goethite (Gt) in comparison to the hematite (Hm), corroborating the results identified in the reflexes of the x-ray diffractograms. The isomorphic substitution (SI) was more expressive in Gt, and the predominance of widths at higher half (LMA) in these oxides indicated their lower degree of crystallinity compared to Hm. The average crystal diameters (DMC) indicated higher crystal occurrence in Hm, but with lower abundance compared to Gt. The higher values of the Gt / Gt + Hm ratio in the more superficial portion indicate there is a Gt formation promotion at this depth. It was verified a disordered Kt expressiveness in relation to more crystalline forms. In the two layers there were no distinctions between treatments with respect to the development of Kt crystals. The SC treatment showed the soil losses effect on Kt expressiveness, Kt IC and 2: 1 minerals. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-03-27 2019-07-26T15:37:58Z 2019-07-26T15:37:58Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17567 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/17567 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922166323019776 |