Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20889 |
Resumo: | Demand for healthy food has grown in recent years, increasing demand for chia. It is known that sowing date and nitrogen fertilization influence the growth, consequently, biomass production and grain yield of agricultural species, which includes chia. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of two sowing dates and five N rates on the agronomic characteristics of chia. A field experiment was carried out with two sowing dates (November / 2017 and January / 2018) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) in coverage. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The plants of the two central lines were evaluated, excluding the two lines of the border. Evaluations took place at the time of flowering and harvest. The variables evaluated in the field during flowering were: dry mass of leaves, main stems, branches and spikes; leaf area of stems and branches, leaf area index of stems and branches. At the time of harvest, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number and length of ears, dry shoot mass and stem and branch grain yield were evaluated. The nitrogen content in leaves, stems, branches and grains was determined using the sulfur digestion methodology. The sowing dates and N doses studied showed that the sowing of November provided a larger increase in all the growth parameters, due to the elongation of the crop cycle that is affected by the photoperiod, and the nitrogen rates influenced the variables because it was a nutrient that in excess causes greater vegetative growth. The production of chia grains for the dates differed, with higher yields at the 104 kg ha -1 dose at November sowing. January production was close to November production in the last dose of N tested. N concentrations in the leaves, stem, branches and grains were higher at the late sowing date, and responded differently from each other as N rates increased. Nitrogen recovery efficiency was decreasing at the doses applied in both sowing, being most noticed in the recommended sowing. The maximum technical and economic efficiency demonstrated close values, however, for greater economic viability, the dose of 104 kg ha -1 is more recommended. Both sowing dates and N rates influenced chia growth and productivity, and it is recommended to plant sowing in the month of November with the application of N at the dose of 104 kg ha -1 . |
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Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chiaGrowth, productivity and efficiency of use of nitrogen in chia cultureSalvia hispanica L.Adubação nitrogenadaÍndices de eficiência nutricionalDesempenho agronômicoDatas de semeaduraNitrogen fertilizationNutrition efficiency indexesAgronomic performanceSowing datesCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIADemand for healthy food has grown in recent years, increasing demand for chia. It is known that sowing date and nitrogen fertilization influence the growth, consequently, biomass production and grain yield of agricultural species, which includes chia. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of two sowing dates and five N rates on the agronomic characteristics of chia. A field experiment was carried out with two sowing dates (November / 2017 and January / 2018) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) in coverage. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The plants of the two central lines were evaluated, excluding the two lines of the border. Evaluations took place at the time of flowering and harvest. The variables evaluated in the field during flowering were: dry mass of leaves, main stems, branches and spikes; leaf area of stems and branches, leaf area index of stems and branches. At the time of harvest, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number and length of ears, dry shoot mass and stem and branch grain yield were evaluated. The nitrogen content in leaves, stems, branches and grains was determined using the sulfur digestion methodology. The sowing dates and N doses studied showed that the sowing of November provided a larger increase in all the growth parameters, due to the elongation of the crop cycle that is affected by the photoperiod, and the nitrogen rates influenced the variables because it was a nutrient that in excess causes greater vegetative growth. The production of chia grains for the dates differed, with higher yields at the 104 kg ha -1 dose at November sowing. January production was close to November production in the last dose of N tested. N concentrations in the leaves, stem, branches and grains were higher at the late sowing date, and responded differently from each other as N rates increased. Nitrogen recovery efficiency was decreasing at the doses applied in both sowing, being most noticed in the recommended sowing. The maximum technical and economic efficiency demonstrated close values, however, for greater economic viability, the dose of 104 kg ha -1 is more recommended. Both sowing dates and N rates influenced chia growth and productivity, and it is recommended to plant sowing in the month of November with the application of N at the dose of 104 kg ha -1 .Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA procura por alimentos saudáveis tem crescido nos últimos anos, aumentando a demanda pela chia. Sabe-se que a data de semeadura e a adubação nitrogenada influenciam o crescimento, consequentemente, a produção de biomassa e a produtividade de grãos de espécies agrícolas, o que inclui a chia. Assim, o trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência de duas datas de semeadura e cinco doses de N sobre as características agronômicas da chia. Um experimento de campo foi realizado com duas datas de semeadura (novembro/2017 e janeiro/2018) combinadas com cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha -1 ) em cobertura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 2 com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas as plantas das duas linhas centrais, excluindo-se as duas linhas da bordadura. As avaliações ocorreram no período da floração e na colheita. As variáveis avaliadas em campo durante a floração foram: massa de matéria seca de folhas, hastes principais, ramificações e espigas; área foliar das hastes e ramificações, índice de área foliar das hastes e ramificações. Na ocasião da colheita foram avaliadas: estatura das plantas, diâmetro do caule, número de ramificações, número e comprimento de espigas, massa seca da parte aérea e produtividade de grãos da haste e das ramificações. Foi determinado o teor de nitrogênio nas folhas, nas hastes, nas ramificações e nos grãos, utilizando a metodologia de digestão sulfúrica. As datas de semeadura e doses de N estudadas evidenciaram que a semeadura de novembro proporcionou maior incremento em todos os parâmetros de crescimento, por conta do alongamento do ciclo da cultura que é afetada pelo fotoperíodo, tendo as doses de nitrogênio influenciado as variáveis por ser um nutriente que em excesso provoca maior crescimento vegetativo. A produção de grãos de chia para as datas diferiram, havendo maior produção na dose de 104 kg ha -1 na semeadura de novembro. A produção de janeiro foi próxima à produção de novembro na última dose de N testada. As concentrações de N nas folhas, no caule, nas ramificações e nos grãos foram maiores na data de semeadura tardia, e responderam distintamente umas das outras conforme se aumentou as doses de N. A eficiência de recuperação de nitrogênio foi decrescente para as doses aplicadas em ambas as semeaduras, sendo mais notada na semeadura recomendada. A máxima eficiência técnica e econômica demonstraram valores próximos, contudo, para maior viabilidade econômica, a dose de 104 kg ha -1 é mais recomendada. Tanto as datas de semeadura quanto as doses de N influenciaram o crescimento e produtividade de chia, sendo assim, é recomendável a semeadura no mês de novembro com a aplicação de N na dose de 104 kg ha -1 .Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em AgronomiaCentro de Ciências RuraisLago, Isabelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7511048316841597Brunetto, GustavoXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXAlberto, Cleber MausXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXNunes, Anderson Rodrigues2021-05-13T17:12:06Z2021-05-13T17:12:06Z2019-03-01info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20889porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-05-14T06:00:34Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/20889Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-05-14T06:00:34Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia Growth, productivity and efficiency of use of nitrogen in chia culture |
title |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
spellingShingle |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia Nunes, Anderson Rodrigues Salvia hispanica L. Adubação nitrogenada Índices de eficiência nutricional Desempenho agronômico Datas de semeadura Nitrogen fertilization Nutrition efficiency indexes Agronomic performance Sowing dates CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
title_full |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
title_fullStr |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
title_sort |
Crescimento, produtividade e eficiência de uso de nitrogênio na cultura da chia |
author |
Nunes, Anderson Rodrigues |
author_facet |
Nunes, Anderson Rodrigues |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Lago, Isabel http://lattes.cnpq.br/7511048316841597 Brunetto, Gustavo XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Alberto, Cleber Maus XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nunes, Anderson Rodrigues |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Salvia hispanica L. Adubação nitrogenada Índices de eficiência nutricional Desempenho agronômico Datas de semeadura Nitrogen fertilization Nutrition efficiency indexes Agronomic performance Sowing dates CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Salvia hispanica L. Adubação nitrogenada Índices de eficiência nutricional Desempenho agronômico Datas de semeadura Nitrogen fertilization Nutrition efficiency indexes Agronomic performance Sowing dates CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Demand for healthy food has grown in recent years, increasing demand for chia. It is known that sowing date and nitrogen fertilization influence the growth, consequently, biomass production and grain yield of agricultural species, which includes chia. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of two sowing dates and five N rates on the agronomic characteristics of chia. A field experiment was carried out with two sowing dates (November / 2017 and January / 2018) combined with five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha -1 ) in coverage. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The plants of the two central lines were evaluated, excluding the two lines of the border. Evaluations took place at the time of flowering and harvest. The variables evaluated in the field during flowering were: dry mass of leaves, main stems, branches and spikes; leaf area of stems and branches, leaf area index of stems and branches. At the time of harvest, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number and length of ears, dry shoot mass and stem and branch grain yield were evaluated. The nitrogen content in leaves, stems, branches and grains was determined using the sulfur digestion methodology. The sowing dates and N doses studied showed that the sowing of November provided a larger increase in all the growth parameters, due to the elongation of the crop cycle that is affected by the photoperiod, and the nitrogen rates influenced the variables because it was a nutrient that in excess causes greater vegetative growth. The production of chia grains for the dates differed, with higher yields at the 104 kg ha -1 dose at November sowing. January production was close to November production in the last dose of N tested. N concentrations in the leaves, stem, branches and grains were higher at the late sowing date, and responded differently from each other as N rates increased. Nitrogen recovery efficiency was decreasing at the doses applied in both sowing, being most noticed in the recommended sowing. The maximum technical and economic efficiency demonstrated close values, however, for greater economic viability, the dose of 104 kg ha -1 is more recommended. Both sowing dates and N rates influenced chia growth and productivity, and it is recommended to plant sowing in the month of November with the application of N at the dose of 104 kg ha -1 . |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-01 2021-05-13T17:12:06Z 2021-05-13T17:12:06Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20889 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/20889 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922086254804992 |