Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21392 |
Resumo: | The sanitary conditions to which the animals are submitted in aquaculture are often inadequate, being stressing factors triggering pathological processes as bacterial infections. In this context, bacterial resistance arises through the indiscriminate and misuse of antibiotics, leading in recent years to an increase in the number of antimicrobial resistance. This growth is reflected in aquaculture, where non-responsive pathologies in fish culminate in economic and environmental losses. The large increase in antibiotic resistance and the residual effects of conventional antibiotics stimulates the search for new antimicrobial therapies of low environmental impact that can be used in the prevention and / or treatment of bacterial infections in fish. Looking for this new approach, the tree Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae), contains in its extracts components with recognized antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves, bark, sapwood and heartwood of this plant against bacteria of the genus Aeromonas obtained from naturally infected silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). In addition, we investigated the central depressant activity of the extracts as well as their effects in silver catfish after long exposition, in order to evaluate the safety of a possible therapeutic strategy based on these extracts. In addition, the extract which presented the most promising results in the above- mentioned assays had its effect evaluated in vivo on the survival of silver catfish experimentally infected with A. hydrophila. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the Microdilution method in cation-adjusted-Müller-Hinton broth. The evaluation of the central depressant activity was performed by determining the induction times to the sedative and / or anesthetic state and its subsequent recovery at 30, 100 and 300 mg/L. In the long exposure test the fish were exposed to the concentrations of 30 and 100 mg/L of the extracts for 24 hours. In the in vivo antimicrobial assay, silver catfish were exposed to baths for five days with 30 mg/L of the heartwood extract. The chemical composition of the heartwood extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS. The heartwood extract showed promising in vitro antimicrobial activity, while the other samples presented weak activity. In the central depressant activity test the leaves extract was the only one to induce a stage of deep sedation, the other extracts induced the light sedation stage in the three analyzed concentrations. The long exposure experiment showed a behavior that ranged from normal to light sedation for the animals submitted to extracts of the bark, sapwood and heartwood, and the leaf extract caused a deepening of the sedation stages. The in vivo antimicrobial assay revealed a high survival rate (85.4%) of the animals exposed to the heartwood extract compared to the untreated control (6.9%) without statistical difference to florfenicol (100%). The chemical composition revealed the presence of compounds of the polyphenol class. Heartwood extract showed to be an alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by A. hydrophila in silver catfish. |
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Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixesAntimicrobial activity of the extracts of Maclura tinctoria (L.) D. Don ex Steud against fish pathogensTajúvaJundiáResistência bacterianaAeromonas spSilver catfishBacterial resistanceCNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIAThe sanitary conditions to which the animals are submitted in aquaculture are often inadequate, being stressing factors triggering pathological processes as bacterial infections. In this context, bacterial resistance arises through the indiscriminate and misuse of antibiotics, leading in recent years to an increase in the number of antimicrobial resistance. This growth is reflected in aquaculture, where non-responsive pathologies in fish culminate in economic and environmental losses. The large increase in antibiotic resistance and the residual effects of conventional antibiotics stimulates the search for new antimicrobial therapies of low environmental impact that can be used in the prevention and / or treatment of bacterial infections in fish. Looking for this new approach, the tree Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae), contains in its extracts components with recognized antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves, bark, sapwood and heartwood of this plant against bacteria of the genus Aeromonas obtained from naturally infected silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). In addition, we investigated the central depressant activity of the extracts as well as their effects in silver catfish after long exposition, in order to evaluate the safety of a possible therapeutic strategy based on these extracts. In addition, the extract which presented the most promising results in the above- mentioned assays had its effect evaluated in vivo on the survival of silver catfish experimentally infected with A. hydrophila. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the Microdilution method in cation-adjusted-Müller-Hinton broth. The evaluation of the central depressant activity was performed by determining the induction times to the sedative and / or anesthetic state and its subsequent recovery at 30, 100 and 300 mg/L. In the long exposure test the fish were exposed to the concentrations of 30 and 100 mg/L of the extracts for 24 hours. In the in vivo antimicrobial assay, silver catfish were exposed to baths for five days with 30 mg/L of the heartwood extract. The chemical composition of the heartwood extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS. The heartwood extract showed promising in vitro antimicrobial activity, while the other samples presented weak activity. In the central depressant activity test the leaves extract was the only one to induce a stage of deep sedation, the other extracts induced the light sedation stage in the three analyzed concentrations. The long exposure experiment showed a behavior that ranged from normal to light sedation for the animals submitted to extracts of the bark, sapwood and heartwood, and the leaf extract caused a deepening of the sedation stages. The in vivo antimicrobial assay revealed a high survival rate (85.4%) of the animals exposed to the heartwood extract compared to the untreated control (6.9%) without statistical difference to florfenicol (100%). The chemical composition revealed the presence of compounds of the polyphenol class. Heartwood extract showed to be an alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by A. hydrophila in silver catfish.Em aquicultura, frequentemente as condições sanitárias a que os animais são submetidos são inadequadas, sendo considerados fatores estressantes desencadeadores de processos patológicos como as infecções bacterianas. A resistência bacteriana surge nesse contexto através do uso indiscriminado e equivocado de terapias antibióticas, provocando nos últimos anos um aumento no número de casos de resistência a antimicrobianos. Esse crescimento é refletido em criações aquícolas, onde as patologias em peixes não responsivas culminam em prejuízos econômicos e ambientais. O grande aumento de resistência aos antibióticos e os efeitos residuais de seu uso convencional estimula a procura por novos agentes antimicrobianos de baixo impacto ambiental e que possam ser utilizados na prevenção e/ ou tratamento de infecções bacterianas em peixes. Buscando essa nova abordagem, a espécie vegetal Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae), contém em seus extratos componentes com propriedades antimicrobianas reconhecidas. Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de extratos etanólicos brutos de folhas, casca, alburno e cerne dessa espécie vegetal frente a bactérias do gênero Aeromonas obtidas de jundiás (Rhamdia quelen) naturalmente infectados. Adicionalmente investigamos a atividade depressora central dos extratos bem como os efeitos provocados em jundiás quando expostos aos mesmos por longo período, visando avaliar a segurança de uma possível estratégia terapêutica à base destes extratos. Além disso, o extrato que apresentou os resultados mais promissores nos ensaios anteriormente citados teve seu efeito avaliado in vivo sobre a sobrevivência de jundiás experimentalmente infectados com A. hydrophila. A atividade antimicrobiana in vitro foi avaliada pelo método de Microdiluição em caldo Müller-Hinton cátion ajustado. A atividade depressora central foi avaliada pela determinação dos tempos de indução ao estado sedativo e/ou anestésico e sua posterior recuperação em 30, 100 e 300 mg/L. No teste de longa exposição os peixes foram expostos às concentrações de 30 e 100 mg/L dos extratos por 24 horas. No ensaio antimicrobiano in vivo, os jundiás foram expostos a banhos por cinco dias com 30 mg/L do extrato do cerne. A composição química do extrato do cerne foi analisada por CLAE-DAD-MS. O extrato do cerne apresentou promissora atividade antimicrobiana in vitro, enquanto que as outras amostras apresentaram fraca atividade. No teste de atividade depressora central o extrato de folhas foi o único a induzir estágio de sedação profunda, os demais extratos induziram o estágio de sedação leve nas três concentrações analisadas. O ensaio de longa exposição demostrou que os animais submetidos aos extratos da casca, alburno e cerne apresentaram um comportamento que variou de normal à sedação leve, já o extrato de folhas provocou um aprofundamento dos estágios de sedação. O ensaio antimicrobiano in vivo revelou uma alta taxa de sobrevivência (85,4%) dos animais expostos ao extrato do cerne em comparação com o controle infectado sem tratamento (6,9%), não diferindo estatisticamente do florfenicol (100%). A composição química revelou a presença de compostos da classe dos polifenóis. O extrato do cerne mostrou ser uma alternativa para o tratamento de infecções bacterianas causadas por A. hydrophila em jundiás.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilFarmacologiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em FarmacologiaCentro de Ciências da SaúdeHeinzmann, Berta Mariahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0786124562427815Tondolo, Juliana Simoni MoraesGressler, Letícia TrevisanPires, Luana da Costa2021-07-09T20:32:54Z2021-07-09T20:32:54Z2018-07-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21392porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-06-23T12:16:29Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/21392Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-06-23T12:16:29Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Maclura tinctoria (L.) D. Don ex Steud against fish pathogens |
title |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
spellingShingle |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes Pires, Luana da Costa Tajúva Jundiá Resistência bacteriana Aeromonas sp Silver catfish Bacterial resistance CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA |
title_short |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
title_full |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
title_fullStr |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
title_sort |
Atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de Maclura tinctoria (L) D. Don ex Steud contra patógenos de peixes |
author |
Pires, Luana da Costa |
author_facet |
Pires, Luana da Costa |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Heinzmann, Berta Maria http://lattes.cnpq.br/0786124562427815 Tondolo, Juliana Simoni Moraes Gressler, Letícia Trevisan |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pires, Luana da Costa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Tajúva Jundiá Resistência bacteriana Aeromonas sp Silver catfish Bacterial resistance CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA |
topic |
Tajúva Jundiá Resistência bacteriana Aeromonas sp Silver catfish Bacterial resistance CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA |
description |
The sanitary conditions to which the animals are submitted in aquaculture are often inadequate, being stressing factors triggering pathological processes as bacterial infections. In this context, bacterial resistance arises through the indiscriminate and misuse of antibiotics, leading in recent years to an increase in the number of antimicrobial resistance. This growth is reflected in aquaculture, where non-responsive pathologies in fish culminate in economic and environmental losses. The large increase in antibiotic resistance and the residual effects of conventional antibiotics stimulates the search for new antimicrobial therapies of low environmental impact that can be used in the prevention and / or treatment of bacterial infections in fish. Looking for this new approach, the tree Maclura tinctoria (Moraceae), contains in its extracts components with recognized antimicrobial properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts of the leaves, bark, sapwood and heartwood of this plant against bacteria of the genus Aeromonas obtained from naturally infected silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). In addition, we investigated the central depressant activity of the extracts as well as their effects in silver catfish after long exposition, in order to evaluate the safety of a possible therapeutic strategy based on these extracts. In addition, the extract which presented the most promising results in the above- mentioned assays had its effect evaluated in vivo on the survival of silver catfish experimentally infected with A. hydrophila. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the Microdilution method in cation-adjusted-Müller-Hinton broth. The evaluation of the central depressant activity was performed by determining the induction times to the sedative and / or anesthetic state and its subsequent recovery at 30, 100 and 300 mg/L. In the long exposure test the fish were exposed to the concentrations of 30 and 100 mg/L of the extracts for 24 hours. In the in vivo antimicrobial assay, silver catfish were exposed to baths for five days with 30 mg/L of the heartwood extract. The chemical composition of the heartwood extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS. The heartwood extract showed promising in vitro antimicrobial activity, while the other samples presented weak activity. In the central depressant activity test the leaves extract was the only one to induce a stage of deep sedation, the other extracts induced the light sedation stage in the three analyzed concentrations. The long exposure experiment showed a behavior that ranged from normal to light sedation for the animals submitted to extracts of the bark, sapwood and heartwood, and the leaf extract caused a deepening of the sedation stages. The in vivo antimicrobial assay revealed a high survival rate (85.4%) of the animals exposed to the heartwood extract compared to the untreated control (6.9%) without statistical difference to florfenicol (100%). The chemical composition revealed the presence of compounds of the polyphenol class. Heartwood extract showed to be an alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by A. hydrophila in silver catfish. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-07-27 2021-07-09T20:32:54Z 2021-07-09T20:32:54Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21392 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/21392 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Farmacologia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia Centro de Ciências da Saúde |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Farmacologia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia Centro de Ciências da Saúde |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922174804951040 |