Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2006 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8675 |
Resumo: | This study had as objective to quantify the total herbal tea biomass, to quantify the biomass produced in harvesting, to determine the nutrients amount in biomass compartments, to quantify the exported nutrients in herbal tea harvesting and to adjust mathematic models to quantify, due to equations, the harvest, residual and total biomass. Thirty plots were evaluated, totalizing 306 trees, where each circular plot had 44,18 m2 as area. In these plots, the biometric variables of each tree were measured: total height (ht), trunk diameters at 0,60 m above the soil (d 0.6 meters), height from the first branch or trunk, live crown lenght and crown projection rays. The harvest biomass, composed by leaves, stems and residue was evaluated too. After that, a plant located outside the plot was evaluated, that had the average dendrometric characteristics as the ones included in the plots. Later, each tree was cut at soil level, the leaves and stems, residues, wood, bark and roots weight were determined. The above ground biomass plus the roots biomass consisted in total biomass. The samples taken were dried in an oven to dry biomass and nutrients amount determination. The equations to estimate biomass, were done through SAS System version 8. The Stepwise method of independent variables selection was used, where at maximum 3 variables were included in the selected equations, and the partial R2 from the independent variable was higher to 1% to be considerable significant. The selection test from equations was done with and without intercept. The results showed by the equations without intercept were higher, being rejected these last ones. The nutrients amount determination was done in leaves and stem, wood, residues, bark and roots dried matter. The average fresh and dried biomass plus stems, sampled in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 7,849; 18577,34; 3,081; 7585,22 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 2,583; 6195,71; 1,009; 3052,01. The average fresh and dried leaves and stems biomass sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 7,713 and 3,174 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues, sampled in 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 2,708 and 1,358 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass in wood, sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 13,609 and 6,785 respectively. The average fresh and dried roots biomass, sampled in the 30 felled trees were: 7,678 and 4,693 respectively. The total average fresh biomass per felled tree in kg/tree was 33,135. The total average dried biomass in kg/tree was 16,857. The estimated equations for different herbal tea dried biomasses were: wood biomass = 0.28329.rm + 0.07082.dh2; bark biomass =0,44728.lnm + 1,33596.im2; root biomass=2,32270.lnm + 12,81476.im2; residues biomass=0,34026.m 2,61245*ln2m + 0,43581.rm; leaves plus stems biomass=0,56043.ac + 2,06004.ln2d; total biomass=11,29406.rm + 0,10522.dh2. The total stand dried biomass was 41.078,03 kg/ha, being distributed: 16.654,49 kg/ha in the wood; 11.973,01 kg/ha in the roots; 7.582,22 kg/ha in leaves plus stems; 3.052,01 kg/ha in residues and 2.113,30 kg/ha in the bark. The macronutrients exported outside the stand follow this order: nitrogen > potassium > calcium > magnesium > sulphur > phosphorus. The components that show the higher amounts per hectare are: leaves plus stems (404,26 kg/ha), followed by roots (313,50 kg/ha), wood (149,93 kg/ha), residue (104,75 kg/ha) and bark (93,16 kg/ha). The micronutrients exported followed this order: iron > manganese > zinc > boron > cupper. The compartments that show the higher amounts per hectare are: roots (19,31 kg/ha), followed by leaves plus stems (6,43 kg/ha), wood (2,50 kg/ha), bark (2,24 kg/ha) and residues (1,08 kg/ha). |
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Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RSBiomass and nutrients in herbal tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) stands, in Nova Prata county, RSErva-mateBiomassaNutrientesHerbal teaBiomassNutrientsCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTALThis study had as objective to quantify the total herbal tea biomass, to quantify the biomass produced in harvesting, to determine the nutrients amount in biomass compartments, to quantify the exported nutrients in herbal tea harvesting and to adjust mathematic models to quantify, due to equations, the harvest, residual and total biomass. Thirty plots were evaluated, totalizing 306 trees, where each circular plot had 44,18 m2 as area. In these plots, the biometric variables of each tree were measured: total height (ht), trunk diameters at 0,60 m above the soil (d 0.6 meters), height from the first branch or trunk, live crown lenght and crown projection rays. The harvest biomass, composed by leaves, stems and residue was evaluated too. After that, a plant located outside the plot was evaluated, that had the average dendrometric characteristics as the ones included in the plots. Later, each tree was cut at soil level, the leaves and stems, residues, wood, bark and roots weight were determined. The above ground biomass plus the roots biomass consisted in total biomass. The samples taken were dried in an oven to dry biomass and nutrients amount determination. The equations to estimate biomass, were done through SAS System version 8. The Stepwise method of independent variables selection was used, where at maximum 3 variables were included in the selected equations, and the partial R2 from the independent variable was higher to 1% to be considerable significant. The selection test from equations was done with and without intercept. The results showed by the equations without intercept were higher, being rejected these last ones. The nutrients amount determination was done in leaves and stem, wood, residues, bark and roots dried matter. The average fresh and dried biomass plus stems, sampled in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 7,849; 18577,34; 3,081; 7585,22 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 2,583; 6195,71; 1,009; 3052,01. The average fresh and dried leaves and stems biomass sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 7,713 and 3,174 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues, sampled in 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 2,708 and 1,358 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass in wood, sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 13,609 and 6,785 respectively. The average fresh and dried roots biomass, sampled in the 30 felled trees were: 7,678 and 4,693 respectively. The total average fresh biomass per felled tree in kg/tree was 33,135. The total average dried biomass in kg/tree was 16,857. The estimated equations for different herbal tea dried biomasses were: wood biomass = 0.28329.rm + 0.07082.dh2; bark biomass =0,44728.lnm + 1,33596.im2; root biomass=2,32270.lnm + 12,81476.im2; residues biomass=0,34026.m 2,61245*ln2m + 0,43581.rm; leaves plus stems biomass=0,56043.ac + 2,06004.ln2d; total biomass=11,29406.rm + 0,10522.dh2. The total stand dried biomass was 41.078,03 kg/ha, being distributed: 16.654,49 kg/ha in the wood; 11.973,01 kg/ha in the roots; 7.582,22 kg/ha in leaves plus stems; 3.052,01 kg/ha in residues and 2.113,30 kg/ha in the bark. The macronutrients exported outside the stand follow this order: nitrogen > potassium > calcium > magnesium > sulphur > phosphorus. The components that show the higher amounts per hectare are: leaves plus stems (404,26 kg/ha), followed by roots (313,50 kg/ha), wood (149,93 kg/ha), residue (104,75 kg/ha) and bark (93,16 kg/ha). The micronutrients exported followed this order: iron > manganese > zinc > boron > cupper. The compartments that show the higher amounts per hectare are: roots (19,31 kg/ha), followed by leaves plus stems (6,43 kg/ha), wood (2,50 kg/ha), bark (2,24 kg/ha) and residues (1,08 kg/ha).Este trabalho teve como objetivos estimar a biomassa total da erva-mate, produzida na colheita, determinar a concentração de nutrientes nos componentes da biomassa, quantificar os nutrientes exportados na colheita da erva-mate e ajustar modelos matemáticos que quantificassem por meio de equações a biomassa de colheita, residual e total. Inicialmente foram avaliadas trinta parcelas circulares, sendo que cada parcela possuía uma área de 44,18m2. Foram amostradas no total 306 árvores. Nessas parcelas, foram medidas as seguintes variáveis biométricas de cada planta: altura total em metros (ht), diâmetro dos troncos a 0,60 metros acima do solo (d 0.6 metros), raio médio de copa em metros, área de copa em metros quadrados, comprimento médio de copa em metros e avaliou-se a biomassa de colheita composta de folhas mais talos e biomassa residual. Em seguida, em cada parcela amostrada foi avaliada uma planta situada fora desta, que apresentou a média das características dendrométricas das árvores incluídas nas parcelas. Nessas 30 árvores foram determinadas novamente as variáveis biométricas e biomassa de colheita e residual Após isto cada árvore foi decepada ao nível do solo, determinando o peso verde de madeira, casca e raiz . A biomassa área acrescida da biomassa de raízes constitui a biomassa total. Posteriormente retirou-se amostras verdes, de folhas mais talos, resíduos, madeira, casca e raiz as quais foram secadas em estufa, para posterior determinação da biomassa e a concentração de nutrientes. A construção das equações para estimar a biomassa, utilizouse o pacote estatístico Sas System versão 8 . Foi utilizado o método Stepwise de seleção de variáveis independentes, em que se limitou ao máximo a inclusão de três variáveis nas equações selecionadas, e o R2 parcial da variável independente superior a 1% para considerá-la significativa. O teste de seleção de equações foi realizado com e sem intercepto. Os resultados apresentados pelas equações sem intercepto foram superiores às equações com intercepto, tendo sido então desprezado esses últimos. A determinação do teor de nutrientes foi realizada na matéria seca de folhas mais talos, madeira, resíduos, casca e raiz. A biomassa média verde e seca de folhas mais talos, amostradas nas 30 unidades amostrais em kg/árvore e kg/ha foram respectivamente: 7,849; 18577,34; 3,081; 7585,22. A biomassa média verde e seca de resíduos nas 30 unidades amostrais em kg/árvore e kg/ha foram respectivamente: 2,583; 6195,71; 1,009; 3052,01. A biomassa média verde e seca de folhas mais talos, amostradas nas 30 árvores abatidas em kg/árvore foram respectivamente: 7,713 e 3,174. A biomassa média verde e seca de resíduos, amostradas nas 30 árvores abatidas em kg/árvore foram respectivamente: 2,708 e 1,358. A biomassa média verde e seca de madeira, amostradas nas 30 árvores abatidas em kg/árvore foram respectivamente: 13,609 e 6,785. A biomassa média verde e seca de casca, amostradas nas 30 árvores abatidas em kg/árvore foram respectivamente: 1,427 e 0,847. A biomassa média verde e seca de raiz, amostradas nas 30 árvores abatidas em kg/árvore foram respectivamente: 7,678 e 4,693. A biomassa total média verde por árvore abatida em kg/árvore foi de 33,135. A biomassa total média seca por árvore abatida em kg/árvore foi de 16,857. As equações estimadas para as diferentes biomassas secas da erva-mate foram as seguintes: biomassa de madeira = 0,28329.rm + 0,07082.dh2; biomassa de casca = 0,44728.lnm + 1,33596.im2; biomassa de raiz = 2,32270.lnm + 12,81476.im2; biomassa de resíduos = 0,34026.m 2,61245*ln2m + 0,43581.rm; biomassa de folhas mais talos = 0,56043.ac + 2,06004.ln2d; biomassa total = 11,29406.rm + 0,10522.dh2. A biomassa seca total do povoamento foi de 41.078,03 kg/ha, sendo assim distribuídas madeira 16.654,49 kg/ha; raízes 11.973,01 kg/ha; folhas mais talos 7.582,22 kg/ha; resíduos 3.052,01 kg/ha e casca com 2.113,30 kg/ha. Os macronutrientes exportados do povoamento obedecem a seguinte ordem: nitrogênio > potássio > cálcio > magnésio > enxofre > fósforo. Os componentes que apresentam as maiores quantidades de macronutrientes por hectare são: folhas mais talos (404,26 kg/ha), seguido pela raiz (313,50 kg/ha), madeira (149,93 kg/ha), resíduo (104,75 kg/ha) e por último a casca (93,16 kg/ha). Os micronutrientes exportados do povoamento obedece à seguinte ordem: ferro > manganês > zinco > boro > cobre. Os componentess que apresentam as maiores quantidades de micronutrientes por hectare são: raiz (19,31 kg/ha), seguido pela folhas mais talos (6,43 kg/ha), madeira (2,50 kg/ha), casca (2,24 kg/ha) e por ultimo os resíduos (1,08 kg/ha).Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBRRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalBrena, Doádi Antôniohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0359314622214343Muller, Ivanorhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4178501394553328Schumacher, Mauro Valdirhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4577505947479643Berger, Gabriel2007-02-022007-02-022006-10-23info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfapplication/pdfBERGER, Gabriel. Biomass and nutrients in herbal tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) stands, in Nova Prata county, RS. 2006. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2006.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8675porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-12-29T12:01:09Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/8675Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-12-29T12:01:09Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS Biomass and nutrients in herbal tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) stands, in Nova Prata county, RS |
title |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
spellingShingle |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS Berger, Gabriel Erva-mate Biomassa Nutrientes Herbal tea Biomass Nutrients CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
title_short |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
title_full |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
title_fullStr |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
title_sort |
Biomassa e nutrientes em plantios de erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.), no município de Nova Prata, RS |
author |
Berger, Gabriel |
author_facet |
Berger, Gabriel |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Brena, Doádi Antônio http://lattes.cnpq.br/0359314622214343 Muller, Ivanor http://lattes.cnpq.br/4178501394553328 Schumacher, Mauro Valdir http://lattes.cnpq.br/4577505947479643 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Berger, Gabriel |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Erva-mate Biomassa Nutrientes Herbal tea Biomass Nutrients CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
topic |
Erva-mate Biomassa Nutrientes Herbal tea Biomass Nutrients CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
description |
This study had as objective to quantify the total herbal tea biomass, to quantify the biomass produced in harvesting, to determine the nutrients amount in biomass compartments, to quantify the exported nutrients in herbal tea harvesting and to adjust mathematic models to quantify, due to equations, the harvest, residual and total biomass. Thirty plots were evaluated, totalizing 306 trees, where each circular plot had 44,18 m2 as area. In these plots, the biometric variables of each tree were measured: total height (ht), trunk diameters at 0,60 m above the soil (d 0.6 meters), height from the first branch or trunk, live crown lenght and crown projection rays. The harvest biomass, composed by leaves, stems and residue was evaluated too. After that, a plant located outside the plot was evaluated, that had the average dendrometric characteristics as the ones included in the plots. Later, each tree was cut at soil level, the leaves and stems, residues, wood, bark and roots weight were determined. The above ground biomass plus the roots biomass consisted in total biomass. The samples taken were dried in an oven to dry biomass and nutrients amount determination. The equations to estimate biomass, were done through SAS System version 8. The Stepwise method of independent variables selection was used, where at maximum 3 variables were included in the selected equations, and the partial R2 from the independent variable was higher to 1% to be considerable significant. The selection test from equations was done with and without intercept. The results showed by the equations without intercept were higher, being rejected these last ones. The nutrients amount determination was done in leaves and stem, wood, residues, bark and roots dried matter. The average fresh and dried biomass plus stems, sampled in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 7,849; 18577,34; 3,081; 7585,22 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues in the 30 units in kg/tree and kg/ha were: 2,583; 6195,71; 1,009; 3052,01. The average fresh and dried leaves and stems biomass sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 7,713 and 3,174 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass residues, sampled in 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 2,708 and 1,358 respectively. The average fresh and dried biomass in wood, sampled in the 30 felled trees in kg/tree were: 13,609 and 6,785 respectively. The average fresh and dried roots biomass, sampled in the 30 felled trees were: 7,678 and 4,693 respectively. The total average fresh biomass per felled tree in kg/tree was 33,135. The total average dried biomass in kg/tree was 16,857. The estimated equations for different herbal tea dried biomasses were: wood biomass = 0.28329.rm + 0.07082.dh2; bark biomass =0,44728.lnm + 1,33596.im2; root biomass=2,32270.lnm + 12,81476.im2; residues biomass=0,34026.m 2,61245*ln2m + 0,43581.rm; leaves plus stems biomass=0,56043.ac + 2,06004.ln2d; total biomass=11,29406.rm + 0,10522.dh2. The total stand dried biomass was 41.078,03 kg/ha, being distributed: 16.654,49 kg/ha in the wood; 11.973,01 kg/ha in the roots; 7.582,22 kg/ha in leaves plus stems; 3.052,01 kg/ha in residues and 2.113,30 kg/ha in the bark. The macronutrients exported outside the stand follow this order: nitrogen > potassium > calcium > magnesium > sulphur > phosphorus. The components that show the higher amounts per hectare are: leaves plus stems (404,26 kg/ha), followed by roots (313,50 kg/ha), wood (149,93 kg/ha), residue (104,75 kg/ha) and bark (93,16 kg/ha). The micronutrients exported followed this order: iron > manganese > zinc > boron > cupper. The compartments that show the higher amounts per hectare are: roots (19,31 kg/ha), followed by leaves plus stems (6,43 kg/ha), wood (2,50 kg/ha), bark (2,24 kg/ha) and residues (1,08 kg/ha). |
publishDate |
2006 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2006-10-23 2007-02-02 2007-02-02 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
BERGER, Gabriel. Biomass and nutrients in herbal tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) stands, in Nova Prata county, RS. 2006. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8675 |
identifier_str_mv |
BERGER, Gabriel. Biomass and nutrients in herbal tea (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) stands, in Nova Prata county, RS. 2006. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2006. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8675 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922082271264768 |