Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Maraschin, Manoel
Data de Publicação: 2018
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
dARK ID: ark:/26339/001300000q3mm
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/16327
Resumo: The treatment of sludge generated in water treatment plants (WTP) aims to eliminate a considerable portion of water so that this solid residue can be disposed or used, and thus minimize environmental impacts with its release into the environment. The initial stage of this process occurs with the flocculation of these residues by the application of water-soluble polymers. In the sequence, the sedimented or floated flocs are separated from the clarified liquid phase in thickening operations, followed by dewatering. In this way, it is possible to include stages of treatment of the sludge at the station itself, such as the recovery or regeneration of the coagulant, which can be reused in the treatment of wastewater or in the own treatment performed by the WTP, when attested its viability. Thus, this work aimed at the development of a compact unit with the continuous flow for aggregation, thickening and recovery of aluminum ions from the sludge of a WTP in operation in the city of São Gabriel, RS. The first stage consisted of a characterization of the main physical and mineralogical characteristics of the sludge. In the sequence, an investigation of flocculating polymers of different ionic loads was carried out. Subsequently, the flocculation of the sludge was evaluated in helical tubular flocculators (HTF), units that dispense external energy to promote the mixture between the reagents and effluents in the solid particles aggregation stage. The model tested and selected for the following tests had 12 m of 1.25 cm diameter flexible tubing encased in a rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) column. The flocculation was investigated through the unitary application of the cationic polymer P 2900 and in combinations with the anionic polymer P 22 (dual flocculation). This investigation led to the use of the polymer combination due to the total volumetric reduction of these reactants by approximately 50%. Sludge thickening was performed through a built static thickener, and comparative evaluations of sedimentation thickening. The thickened sludge in the static thickener resulted in a solids content (SC) higher than 18%, while in the by sedimentation thickening the highest TS was 7%, both submitted to flocculation in the fed HTF with 4.5 L / min. The recovery of Al ions, or recovery of the coagulant, was carried out through the acidification of the sludge with the application of sulfuric acid. In the study, it was proposed to evaluate this recovery simultaneously to the development of aggregation and thickening, an innovative process considering that the recovery of coagulant from ETA sludge is usually carried out in isolation to the treatment of this waste. In this way, it is sought to minimize the physical structure for the development of the treatment to reduce the volume of the sludge and obtain the recovered coagulant. The results allowed recoveries above 87% of Al ions at pH 2, in addition, the occurrence of the application of the reagents (acid and polymers) allowed a reduction in the volume of polymer applied.
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spelling Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de águaHelical aggregation and thickening by filtration of the sludge of a water treatment stationTratamento do lodoRegeneração do coagulanteÍons alumínioDual flocculationTreatment of sludgeRegeneration of coagulantAluminum ionsCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVILThe treatment of sludge generated in water treatment plants (WTP) aims to eliminate a considerable portion of water so that this solid residue can be disposed or used, and thus minimize environmental impacts with its release into the environment. The initial stage of this process occurs with the flocculation of these residues by the application of water-soluble polymers. In the sequence, the sedimented or floated flocs are separated from the clarified liquid phase in thickening operations, followed by dewatering. In this way, it is possible to include stages of treatment of the sludge at the station itself, such as the recovery or regeneration of the coagulant, which can be reused in the treatment of wastewater or in the own treatment performed by the WTP, when attested its viability. Thus, this work aimed at the development of a compact unit with the continuous flow for aggregation, thickening and recovery of aluminum ions from the sludge of a WTP in operation in the city of São Gabriel, RS. The first stage consisted of a characterization of the main physical and mineralogical characteristics of the sludge. In the sequence, an investigation of flocculating polymers of different ionic loads was carried out. Subsequently, the flocculation of the sludge was evaluated in helical tubular flocculators (HTF), units that dispense external energy to promote the mixture between the reagents and effluents in the solid particles aggregation stage. The model tested and selected for the following tests had 12 m of 1.25 cm diameter flexible tubing encased in a rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) column. The flocculation was investigated through the unitary application of the cationic polymer P 2900 and in combinations with the anionic polymer P 22 (dual flocculation). This investigation led to the use of the polymer combination due to the total volumetric reduction of these reactants by approximately 50%. Sludge thickening was performed through a built static thickener, and comparative evaluations of sedimentation thickening. The thickened sludge in the static thickener resulted in a solids content (SC) higher than 18%, while in the by sedimentation thickening the highest TS was 7%, both submitted to flocculation in the fed HTF with 4.5 L / min. The recovery of Al ions, or recovery of the coagulant, was carried out through the acidification of the sludge with the application of sulfuric acid. In the study, it was proposed to evaluate this recovery simultaneously to the development of aggregation and thickening, an innovative process considering that the recovery of coagulant from ETA sludge is usually carried out in isolation to the treatment of this waste. In this way, it is sought to minimize the physical structure for the development of the treatment to reduce the volume of the sludge and obtain the recovered coagulant. The results allowed recoveries above 87% of Al ions at pH 2, in addition, the occurrence of the application of the reagents (acid and polymers) allowed a reduction in the volume of polymer applied.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESO tratamento do lodo gerado em estações de tratamento de água (ETA) tem por objetivo eliminar uma parcela considerável de água para que este resíduo sólido possa ser disposto ou utilizado, e assim minimizar impactos ambientais com seu lançamento irregular no ambiente. A etapa inicial deste processo ocorre com a floculação destes resíduos pela aplicação de polímeros hidrossolúveis. Na sequência, os flocos sedimentados ou flotados são separados do da fase líquida clarificada em operações de adensamento, seguida pela desidratação. Neste caminho é possível incluir etapas de beneficiamento do lodo na própria estação, como a recuperação ou regeneração do coagulante, podendo este ser reutilizado no tratamento de águas residuais ou no próprio tratamento realizado pela ETA, quando atestada sua viabilidade. Assim, este trabalho de mestrado visou o desenvolvimento de uma unidade compacta com fluxo contínuo para agregação, adensamento e recuperação de íons alumínio do lodo de uma ETA em operação na cidade de São Gabriel, RS. A primeira etapa constituiu-se de uma caracterização das principais características físicas e mineralógicas do lodo. Na sequência foi realizada uma investigação de polímeros floculantes de diferentes cargas iônicas. Posteriormente, foi avaliada a floculação do lodo em floculadores tubulares helicoidais (FTH), unidades que dispensam energia externa para promoção da mistura entre os reagentes e efluentes na etapa de agregação de partículas sólidas. O modelo testado e selecionado para os testes seguintes apresentou 12 m de tubulação flexível de 1,25 cm de diâmetro envolta em uma coluna rígida de policloreto de vinila (PVC). A floculação no FTH foi investigada através da aplicação unitária do polímero catiônico P 2900 e em combinações com o polímero aniônico P 22 (dual flocculation). Esta investigação direcionou ao uso da combinação de polímeros devido à redução volumétrica total destes reagentes em aproximadamente 50%. O adensamento do lodo foi realizado através de um adensador estático construído, e avaliações comparativas ao adensamento por sedimentação. O lodo adensado proveniente do adensador estático resultou em teor de sólidos (TS) superior a 18%, enquanto no adensamento por sedimentação o maior TS foi de 7%, ambos submetidos à floculação no FTH alimentado com 4,5 L/min. A recuperação de íons Al, ou recuperação do coagulante, foi realizada através da acidificação do lodo com aplicação de ácido sulfúrico. No estudo realizado propôs-se a avaliar esta recuperação simultaneamente ao desenvolvimento da agregação e adensamento, processo inovador tendo em vista que a recuperação de coagulante a partir do lodo de ETA costuma ser realizada isoladamente ao tratamento destes resíduos. Desta forma, procura-se minimizar a estrutura física para o desenvolvimento do tratamento e redução do volume do lodo, bem como a obtenção do coagulante recuperado. Os resultados possibilitaram recuperações superiores a 87% dos íons Al em pH 2, além disso, a ocorrência de aplicação dos reagentes (ácido e polímeros) possibilitou redução no volume de polímero aplicado.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilEngenharia CivilUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia CivilCentro de TecnologiaCarissimi, Elvishttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4642912749433316Silveira, Andressa de Oliveirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1829365955344819Moraes, Beatriz Stollhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3469385544914151Maraschin, Manoel2019-04-26T15:52:46Z2019-04-26T15:52:46Z2018-08-24info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/16327ark:/26339/001300000q3mmporAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-04-20T14:07:53Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/16327Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-04-20T14:07:53Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
Helical aggregation and thickening by filtration of the sludge of a water treatment station
title Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
spellingShingle Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
Maraschin, Manoel
Tratamento do lodo
Regeneração do coagulante
Íons alumínio
Dual flocculation
Treatment of sludge
Regeneration of coagulant
Aluminum ions
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL
title_short Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
title_full Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
title_fullStr Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
title_full_unstemmed Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
title_sort Agregação helicoidal e adensamento por filtração do lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água
author Maraschin, Manoel
author_facet Maraschin, Manoel
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Carissimi, Elvis
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4642912749433316
Silveira, Andressa de Oliveira
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1829365955344819
Moraes, Beatriz Stoll
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3469385544914151
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Maraschin, Manoel
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Tratamento do lodo
Regeneração do coagulante
Íons alumínio
Dual flocculation
Treatment of sludge
Regeneration of coagulant
Aluminum ions
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL
topic Tratamento do lodo
Regeneração do coagulante
Íons alumínio
Dual flocculation
Treatment of sludge
Regeneration of coagulant
Aluminum ions
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL
description The treatment of sludge generated in water treatment plants (WTP) aims to eliminate a considerable portion of water so that this solid residue can be disposed or used, and thus minimize environmental impacts with its release into the environment. The initial stage of this process occurs with the flocculation of these residues by the application of water-soluble polymers. In the sequence, the sedimented or floated flocs are separated from the clarified liquid phase in thickening operations, followed by dewatering. In this way, it is possible to include stages of treatment of the sludge at the station itself, such as the recovery or regeneration of the coagulant, which can be reused in the treatment of wastewater or in the own treatment performed by the WTP, when attested its viability. Thus, this work aimed at the development of a compact unit with the continuous flow for aggregation, thickening and recovery of aluminum ions from the sludge of a WTP in operation in the city of São Gabriel, RS. The first stage consisted of a characterization of the main physical and mineralogical characteristics of the sludge. In the sequence, an investigation of flocculating polymers of different ionic loads was carried out. Subsequently, the flocculation of the sludge was evaluated in helical tubular flocculators (HTF), units that dispense external energy to promote the mixture between the reagents and effluents in the solid particles aggregation stage. The model tested and selected for the following tests had 12 m of 1.25 cm diameter flexible tubing encased in a rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) column. The flocculation was investigated through the unitary application of the cationic polymer P 2900 and in combinations with the anionic polymer P 22 (dual flocculation). This investigation led to the use of the polymer combination due to the total volumetric reduction of these reactants by approximately 50%. Sludge thickening was performed through a built static thickener, and comparative evaluations of sedimentation thickening. The thickened sludge in the static thickener resulted in a solids content (SC) higher than 18%, while in the by sedimentation thickening the highest TS was 7%, both submitted to flocculation in the fed HTF with 4.5 L / min. The recovery of Al ions, or recovery of the coagulant, was carried out through the acidification of the sludge with the application of sulfuric acid. In the study, it was proposed to evaluate this recovery simultaneously to the development of aggregation and thickening, an innovative process considering that the recovery of coagulant from ETA sludge is usually carried out in isolation to the treatment of this waste. In this way, it is sought to minimize the physical structure for the development of the treatment to reduce the volume of the sludge and obtain the recovered coagulant. The results allowed recoveries above 87% of Al ions at pH 2, in addition, the occurrence of the application of the reagents (acid and polymers) allowed a reduction in the volume of polymer applied.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-08-24
2019-04-26T15:52:46Z
2019-04-26T15:52:46Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/16327
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv ark:/26339/001300000q3mm
url http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/16327
identifier_str_mv ark:/26339/001300000q3mm
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Brasil
Engenharia Civil
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil
Centro de Tecnologia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Brasil
Engenharia Civil
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil
Centro de Tecnologia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron:UFSM
instname_str Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron_str UFSM
institution UFSM
reponame_str Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
collection Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
repository.name.fl_str_mv Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com
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