Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Giovelli, Roberta Lago
Data de Publicação: 2022
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
dARK ID: ark:/26339/0013000005k22
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25981
Resumo: The mechanized harvesting of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) results in large amounts of straw deposited on the soil surface, arousing the interest of industries in its use for the production of bioethanol and electricity generation. However, the maintenance of straw on the soil surface has numerous benefits, whether physical, chemical, or biological. Thus, the partial removal of straw appears as an alternative. However, when partially removing a straw from the soil surface, mulches of different amounts are formed which can change the rates of decomposition and release of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from the straw that remains on the soil surface. Thus, the present study aimed to test whether the amount of sugarcane straw kept on the soil surface under different soil and climatic conditions affects the decomposition and release of P and K, and how the position of the straw layer inside the mulch affects the P and K release dynamics. To achieve this objective, sugarcane straw from two field experiments was used. Experiment I was conducted on 2015/16, at five locations in the Rio Grande do Sul for 330 days and experiment II was conducted on 2017/18, at the UFSM Soil Department for 360 days. In both experiments, treatments consisted of 4, 8, and 12 Mg ha-¹ of straw, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In experiment II, treatments with 8 and 12 Mg ha-¹ straw were divided into two (upper and lower) and three (upper, central, and lower) layers, respectively, with 4 Mg ha-¹ straw in each layer. In experiment I, seven collections were carried out and in experiment II, six straw collections were carried out, where the remaining dry matter (DM), P, and K were evaluated. The amount of straw did not affect decomposition, with 36.7 % of DM for the three amounts at 330 days (P > 0.05), and had a transient effect on the release of P and K in the first 150 days of evaluation. At 330 days, the amount of P and K released was 3.75 and 0.27 kg ha-¹ of K and P, respectively, for each ton of straw kept on the soil surface. However, the location affected the decomposition and release of P and K from the straw throughout the evaluated period, with the greater release of these nutrients in places with greater precipitation and average air temperature. The lack of effect of the amount of straw on the release of P and K can be attributed to the formation of a vertical gradient of nutrient release within the mulch, which can be observed through the results obtained in Experiment II, where mulch layers in contact with the soil present greater release of P, while layers exposed to the atmosphere tend to release K more quickly. The results of this study indicate that, regardless of location, partial straw removal does not affect straw decomposition and P and K release. However, partial removal reduces the amount of P and K recycled in the soil, a condition that requires attention to the balance of nutrients in sugarcane crops.
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spelling Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palhaPhosphorus and potassium release during the decomposition of sugarcane straw under different straw removal ratesFósforoPotássioPalha de cana-de-açúcarQuantidade de palhaMulchPhosphorusPotassiumStraw sugarcaneStraw quantityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOThe mechanized harvesting of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) results in large amounts of straw deposited on the soil surface, arousing the interest of industries in its use for the production of bioethanol and electricity generation. However, the maintenance of straw on the soil surface has numerous benefits, whether physical, chemical, or biological. Thus, the partial removal of straw appears as an alternative. However, when partially removing a straw from the soil surface, mulches of different amounts are formed which can change the rates of decomposition and release of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from the straw that remains on the soil surface. Thus, the present study aimed to test whether the amount of sugarcane straw kept on the soil surface under different soil and climatic conditions affects the decomposition and release of P and K, and how the position of the straw layer inside the mulch affects the P and K release dynamics. To achieve this objective, sugarcane straw from two field experiments was used. Experiment I was conducted on 2015/16, at five locations in the Rio Grande do Sul for 330 days and experiment II was conducted on 2017/18, at the UFSM Soil Department for 360 days. In both experiments, treatments consisted of 4, 8, and 12 Mg ha-¹ of straw, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In experiment II, treatments with 8 and 12 Mg ha-¹ straw were divided into two (upper and lower) and three (upper, central, and lower) layers, respectively, with 4 Mg ha-¹ straw in each layer. In experiment I, seven collections were carried out and in experiment II, six straw collections were carried out, where the remaining dry matter (DM), P, and K were evaluated. The amount of straw did not affect decomposition, with 36.7 % of DM for the three amounts at 330 days (P > 0.05), and had a transient effect on the release of P and K in the first 150 days of evaluation. At 330 days, the amount of P and K released was 3.75 and 0.27 kg ha-¹ of K and P, respectively, for each ton of straw kept on the soil surface. However, the location affected the decomposition and release of P and K from the straw throughout the evaluated period, with the greater release of these nutrients in places with greater precipitation and average air temperature. The lack of effect of the amount of straw on the release of P and K can be attributed to the formation of a vertical gradient of nutrient release within the mulch, which can be observed through the results obtained in Experiment II, where mulch layers in contact with the soil present greater release of P, while layers exposed to the atmosphere tend to release K more quickly. The results of this study indicate that, regardless of location, partial straw removal does not affect straw decomposition and P and K release. However, partial removal reduces the amount of P and K recycled in the soil, a condition that requires attention to the balance of nutrients in sugarcane crops.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA colheita mecanizada da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) resulta em grandes quantidades de palha depositada na superfície do solo, despertando o interesse das indústrias no uso desta para a produção de bioetanol e geração de eletricidade. Entretanto, a manutenção da palha na superfície do solo apresenta inúmeros benefícios, sejam eles físicos, químicos ou biológicos. Desse modo, a remoção parcial da palha surge como alternativa. Contudo, ao remover parcialmente a palha, mulches de diferentes quantidades são formados, podendo alterar as taxas de decomposição e de liberação de fósforo (P) e potássio (K) da palha que permanece na superfície do solo. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo testar se a quantidade de palha de cana-de-açúcar mantida na superfície do solo em diferentes condições edafoclimáticas afeta a decomposição e a liberação de P e K, e como a posição da camada de palha no interior do mulch afeta a dinâmica de liberação P e K. Para atingir esse objetivo foram utilizadas palhas de cana-de-açúcar provenientes de dois experimentos de campo. O Experimento I foi conduzido em 2015/16, em cinco locais do Rio Grande do Sul durante 330 dias e o Experimento II foi conduzido em 2017/18, no Departamento de Solos da UFSM durante 360 dias. Em ambos os experimentos, os tratamentos consistiram em 4, 8 e 12 Mg ha-¹ de palha, em um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. No Experimento II, os tratamentos com 8 e 12 Mg ha-¹ de palha foram divididos em duas (superior e inferior) e três (superior, central e inferior) camadas, respectivamente, com 4 Mg ha-¹ de palha cada camada. No Experimento I foram realizadas sete coletas e no Experimento II seis coletas de palha onde foram avaliadas a matéria seca remanescente (MSR) e os teores de P e K remanescentes. A quantidade de palha não apresentou efeito na decomposição, com 36,7 % de MSR para as três quantidades aos 330 dias (P > 0,05), e teve efeito transitório na liberação de P e K nos primeiros 150 dias de avaliação. Aos 330 dias, a quantidade de P e K liberada foi de 3,75 e 0,27 kg ha-¹ de K e P, respectivamente, para cada tonelada de palha mantida na superfície do solo. Por outro lado, o local afetou a decomposição e liberação de P e K da palha durante todo o período avaliado, com maior decomposição e liberação desses nutrientes em locais de maior precipitação e temperatura média do ar. A ausência de efeito da quantidade de palha sobre a liberação do P e K pode ser atribuído a formação de um gradiente vertical de liberação no interior do mulch, que pode ser observado através dos resultados obtidos no Experimento II, onde camadas do mulch em contato com o solo apresentam maior liberação de P, enquanto camadas expostas a atmosfera tendem a liberar K mais rapidamente. Os resultados deste estudo indicam que independentemente do local, a remoção parcial da palha não afeta a decomposição e a liberação de P e K da palha. No entanto, a remoção parcial reduz a quantidade de P e K reciclada no solo, condição que requer atenção quanto ao balanço de nutrientes nos cultivos com cana-de-açúcar.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloCentro de Ciências RuraisGiacomini, Sandro Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1112466940331009Schmatz, RaquelWeiler, Douglas Adams WeilerFerreira, Paulo Ademar AvelarGiovelli, Roberta Lago2022-08-25T17:43:53Z2022-08-25T17:43:53Z2022-02-24info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25981ark:/26339/0013000005k22porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-08-25T17:43:53Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/25981Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-08-25T17:43:53Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
Phosphorus and potassium release during the decomposition of sugarcane straw under different straw removal rates
title Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
spellingShingle Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
Giovelli, Roberta Lago
Fósforo
Potássio
Palha de cana-de-açúcar
Quantidade de palha
Mulch
Phosphorus
Potassium
Straw sugarcane
Straw quantity
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
title_short Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
title_full Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
title_fullStr Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
title_full_unstemmed Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
title_sort Liberação de fósforo e potássio durante a decomposição de palha de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes taxas de remoção da palha
author Giovelli, Roberta Lago
author_facet Giovelli, Roberta Lago
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Giacomini, Sandro José
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1112466940331009
Schmatz, Raquel
Weiler, Douglas Adams Weiler
Ferreira, Paulo Ademar Avelar
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Giovelli, Roberta Lago
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Fósforo
Potássio
Palha de cana-de-açúcar
Quantidade de palha
Mulch
Phosphorus
Potassium
Straw sugarcane
Straw quantity
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
topic Fósforo
Potássio
Palha de cana-de-açúcar
Quantidade de palha
Mulch
Phosphorus
Potassium
Straw sugarcane
Straw quantity
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO
description The mechanized harvesting of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) results in large amounts of straw deposited on the soil surface, arousing the interest of industries in its use for the production of bioethanol and electricity generation. However, the maintenance of straw on the soil surface has numerous benefits, whether physical, chemical, or biological. Thus, the partial removal of straw appears as an alternative. However, when partially removing a straw from the soil surface, mulches of different amounts are formed which can change the rates of decomposition and release of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) from the straw that remains on the soil surface. Thus, the present study aimed to test whether the amount of sugarcane straw kept on the soil surface under different soil and climatic conditions affects the decomposition and release of P and K, and how the position of the straw layer inside the mulch affects the P and K release dynamics. To achieve this objective, sugarcane straw from two field experiments was used. Experiment I was conducted on 2015/16, at five locations in the Rio Grande do Sul for 330 days and experiment II was conducted on 2017/18, at the UFSM Soil Department for 360 days. In both experiments, treatments consisted of 4, 8, and 12 Mg ha-¹ of straw, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In experiment II, treatments with 8 and 12 Mg ha-¹ straw were divided into two (upper and lower) and three (upper, central, and lower) layers, respectively, with 4 Mg ha-¹ straw in each layer. In experiment I, seven collections were carried out and in experiment II, six straw collections were carried out, where the remaining dry matter (DM), P, and K were evaluated. The amount of straw did not affect decomposition, with 36.7 % of DM for the three amounts at 330 days (P > 0.05), and had a transient effect on the release of P and K in the first 150 days of evaluation. At 330 days, the amount of P and K released was 3.75 and 0.27 kg ha-¹ of K and P, respectively, for each ton of straw kept on the soil surface. However, the location affected the decomposition and release of P and K from the straw throughout the evaluated period, with the greater release of these nutrients in places with greater precipitation and average air temperature. The lack of effect of the amount of straw on the release of P and K can be attributed to the formation of a vertical gradient of nutrient release within the mulch, which can be observed through the results obtained in Experiment II, where mulch layers in contact with the soil present greater release of P, while layers exposed to the atmosphere tend to release K more quickly. The results of this study indicate that, regardless of location, partial straw removal does not affect straw decomposition and P and K release. However, partial removal reduces the amount of P and K recycled in the soil, a condition that requires attention to the balance of nutrients in sugarcane crops.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022-08-25T17:43:53Z
2022-08-25T17:43:53Z
2022-02-24
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25981
dc.identifier.dark.fl_str_mv ark:/26339/0013000005k22
url http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25981
identifier_str_mv ark:/26339/0013000005k22
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Brasil
Agronomia
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
Centro de Ciências Rurais
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Brasil
Agronomia
UFSM
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
Centro de Ciências Rurais
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron:UFSM
instname_str Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
instacron_str UFSM
institution UFSM
reponame_str Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
collection Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM
repository.name.fl_str_mv Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com
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