Balanço de energia em telhado verde
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7664 |
Resumo: | The knowledge of energy transfers between vegetated surface and the atmosphere is of great importance to characterize the local microclimate and identify interactions between environmental variables and vegetation. In Brazil, the research related to energy balance are restricted to forests and monocultures, leaving aside other vegetable surfaces as is the case of green roofs (TVs). In this sense, this paper presents an analysis of the energy balance on a TV, the extensive type, considering the input and output components of energy in this system. To achieve this objective, a field study was conducted in the experimental TV of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). The monitoring data were used in an energy balance model. The model considered the radiation balance, or power available, and even three different heat flows: latent, by conduction and convection. These flows were determined by monitoring the following variables: temperature of the plant and soil, air temperature, temperature of the internal environment of the TV, global solar radiation and reflected, and wind speed. These data were obtained from sensors installed on the roof and / or by meteorological station located at UFSM. This monitoring was carried out in two stages: August 2015 to December 2015, from 8h to 17h, with manual equipment; and from January to May 2016, 24 hours a day with automatic sensors. The energy balance of the TV and its components were determined for the time interval (hour), and the analysis was extended to the months of monitoring. The results showed that the available energy used in heat flows came from the short-wave radiation during the day, and long wave at night. This net energy available prioritized the latent heat flux (12%), mainly responsible for evapotranspiration, confirming that this is the predominant form of heat dissipation absorbed in TVs, as cited in other studies. Also, it was observed, on average, about 5% of the radiation is intended to balance heat flow by convection, and thus it was found that 17% of the incident energy available and returns to atmosphere. The energy that is transferred into the building (by conduction heat flux), this amounted on average 4% net radiation. The remaining, 79%, was retained in the cover system, showing the efficiency of the TVs as the energy storage and attenuation of temperature. It was also found that there exists an energy imbalance in this system, which is mainly influenced by the type of surface coverage and the particularities experiment. So, from the above, this study concluded that the methodology applied is satisfactory to reach the desired goal, and the experimental TV as the overall result of the energy balance, which showed positive values for the months analyzed, is gaining and retaining more energy than losing. |
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Balanço de energia em telhado verdeDetermination and analysis of energy balance in green roofBalanço energéticoTelhados verdesComportamento térmicoEnergetic balanceGreen roofsThermal behaviorCNPQ::ENGENHARIASThe knowledge of energy transfers between vegetated surface and the atmosphere is of great importance to characterize the local microclimate and identify interactions between environmental variables and vegetation. In Brazil, the research related to energy balance are restricted to forests and monocultures, leaving aside other vegetable surfaces as is the case of green roofs (TVs). In this sense, this paper presents an analysis of the energy balance on a TV, the extensive type, considering the input and output components of energy in this system. To achieve this objective, a field study was conducted in the experimental TV of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). The monitoring data were used in an energy balance model. The model considered the radiation balance, or power available, and even three different heat flows: latent, by conduction and convection. These flows were determined by monitoring the following variables: temperature of the plant and soil, air temperature, temperature of the internal environment of the TV, global solar radiation and reflected, and wind speed. These data were obtained from sensors installed on the roof and / or by meteorological station located at UFSM. This monitoring was carried out in two stages: August 2015 to December 2015, from 8h to 17h, with manual equipment; and from January to May 2016, 24 hours a day with automatic sensors. The energy balance of the TV and its components were determined for the time interval (hour), and the analysis was extended to the months of monitoring. The results showed that the available energy used in heat flows came from the short-wave radiation during the day, and long wave at night. This net energy available prioritized the latent heat flux (12%), mainly responsible for evapotranspiration, confirming that this is the predominant form of heat dissipation absorbed in TVs, as cited in other studies. Also, it was observed, on average, about 5% of the radiation is intended to balance heat flow by convection, and thus it was found that 17% of the incident energy available and returns to atmosphere. The energy that is transferred into the building (by conduction heat flux), this amounted on average 4% net radiation. The remaining, 79%, was retained in the cover system, showing the efficiency of the TVs as the energy storage and attenuation of temperature. It was also found that there exists an energy imbalance in this system, which is mainly influenced by the type of surface coverage and the particularities experiment. So, from the above, this study concluded that the methodology applied is satisfactory to reach the desired goal, and the experimental TV as the overall result of the energy balance, which showed positive values for the months analyzed, is gaining and retaining more energy than losing.O conhecimento das trocas de energia entre uma superfície vegetada e a atmosfera é de grande importância para caracterizar o microclima local e identificar interações entre variáveis ambientais e a vegetação. No Brasil, as pesquisas relacionadas ao balanço de energia estão restritas a florestas e monoculturas, deixando de lado outras superfícies vegetais como é o caso dos telhados verdes (TVs). Neste sentido, o presente trabalho apresenta uma análise do balanço energético em um TV, do tipo extensivo, considerando os componentes de entrada e saída de energia neste sistema. Para alcançar este objetivo, um estudo de campo foi realizado no TV experimental da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Os dados do monitoramento foram utilizados em um modelo de balanço de energia. O modelo utilizado considerou o saldo de radiação, ou energia disponível, e ainda três diferentes fluxos de calor: latente, por condução e por convecção. Estes fluxos foram determinados a partir do monitoramento das seguintes variáveis: temperatura da planta e solo, temperatura do ar, temperatura do ambiente interno do TV, radiação solar global incidente e refletida, e velocidade do vento. Estes dados foram obtidos com sensores instalados no telhado e/ou por meio da estação climatológica localizada na UFSM. Esse monitoramento foi realizado em duas etapas: de agosto de 2015 a dezembro de 2015, das 8h às 17h, contando com equipamentos manuais; e de janeiro a maio de 2016, 24h por dia, com sensores automáticos. O balanço de energia do TV e seus componentes foram determinados para o intervalo de tempo horário, e a análise foi estendida para os meses de monitoramento. Os resultados mostraram que a energia disponível utilizada nos fluxos de calor foi proveniente da radiação de onda curta, no período diurno, e de onda longa no período noturno. Essa energia líquida disponível priorizou o fluxo de calor latente (56%), principal responsável pela evapotranspiração, confirmando que esta é a forma predominante de dissipação do calor absorvido nos TVs, como citado em outros estudos. Ainda foi observado que, em média, aproximadamente 23% do saldo de radiação é destinado ao fluxo de calor por convecção, e com isso verificou-se que 79% da energia incidente e disponível retorna para a atmosfera. Quanto à energia que é transferida para o interior da edificação (fluxo de calor por condução), esta totalizou em média 1% do saldo de radiação. O restante, 20%, ficou retido no sistema de cobertura, demostrando a eficiência dos TVs quanto ao armazenamento de energia e atenuação da temperatura. Constatou-se também que existe um desequilíbrio energético neste sistema, o qual é influenciado principalmente pelo tipo de cobertura da superfície e particularidades do experimento. Portanto, a partir do exposto, a presente pesquisa permitiu concluir que a metodologia aplicada é satisfatória para se chegar ao objetivo pretendido, e que o TV experimental, conforme o resultado total do balanço de energia, que apresentou valores positivos para os meses analisados, está ganhando e retendo mais energia do que perdendo.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBREngenharia AmbientalUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia AmbientalTassi, Rutineiahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7584743367186364Roberti, Débora Reginahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6952076109453197Barbassa, Ademir Pacelihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781Palmeira, Aline Nogueira2017-01-192017-01-192016-12-05info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfapplication/pdfPalmeira, Aline Nogueira. Determination and analysis of energy balance in green roof. 2016. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2016.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7664porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-06-10T20:21:33Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/7664Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-06-10T20:21:33Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde Determination and analysis of energy balance in green roof |
title |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
spellingShingle |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde Palmeira, Aline Nogueira Balanço energético Telhados verdes Comportamento térmico Energetic balance Green roofs Thermal behavior CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS |
title_short |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
title_full |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
title_fullStr |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
title_full_unstemmed |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
title_sort |
Balanço de energia em telhado verde |
author |
Palmeira, Aline Nogueira |
author_facet |
Palmeira, Aline Nogueira |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Tassi, Rutineia http://lattes.cnpq.br/7584743367186364 Roberti, Débora Regina http://lattes.cnpq.br/6952076109453197 Barbassa, Ademir Paceli http://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Palmeira, Aline Nogueira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Balanço energético Telhados verdes Comportamento térmico Energetic balance Green roofs Thermal behavior CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS |
topic |
Balanço energético Telhados verdes Comportamento térmico Energetic balance Green roofs Thermal behavior CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS |
description |
The knowledge of energy transfers between vegetated surface and the atmosphere is of great importance to characterize the local microclimate and identify interactions between environmental variables and vegetation. In Brazil, the research related to energy balance are restricted to forests and monocultures, leaving aside other vegetable surfaces as is the case of green roofs (TVs). In this sense, this paper presents an analysis of the energy balance on a TV, the extensive type, considering the input and output components of energy in this system. To achieve this objective, a field study was conducted in the experimental TV of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). The monitoring data were used in an energy balance model. The model considered the radiation balance, or power available, and even three different heat flows: latent, by conduction and convection. These flows were determined by monitoring the following variables: temperature of the plant and soil, air temperature, temperature of the internal environment of the TV, global solar radiation and reflected, and wind speed. These data were obtained from sensors installed on the roof and / or by meteorological station located at UFSM. This monitoring was carried out in two stages: August 2015 to December 2015, from 8h to 17h, with manual equipment; and from January to May 2016, 24 hours a day with automatic sensors. The energy balance of the TV and its components were determined for the time interval (hour), and the analysis was extended to the months of monitoring. The results showed that the available energy used in heat flows came from the short-wave radiation during the day, and long wave at night. This net energy available prioritized the latent heat flux (12%), mainly responsible for evapotranspiration, confirming that this is the predominant form of heat dissipation absorbed in TVs, as cited in other studies. Also, it was observed, on average, about 5% of the radiation is intended to balance heat flow by convection, and thus it was found that 17% of the incident energy available and returns to atmosphere. The energy that is transferred into the building (by conduction heat flux), this amounted on average 4% net radiation. The remaining, 79%, was retained in the cover system, showing the efficiency of the TVs as the energy storage and attenuation of temperature. It was also found that there exists an energy imbalance in this system, which is mainly influenced by the type of surface coverage and the particularities experiment. So, from the above, this study concluded that the methodology applied is satisfactory to reach the desired goal, and the experimental TV as the overall result of the energy balance, which showed positive values for the months analyzed, is gaining and retaining more energy than losing. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2016-12-05 2017-01-19 2017-01-19 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
Palmeira, Aline Nogueira. Determination and analysis of energy balance in green roof. 2016. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7664 |
identifier_str_mv |
Palmeira, Aline Nogueira. Determination and analysis of energy balance in green roof. 2016. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2016. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7664 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Engenharia Ambiental UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria BR Engenharia Ambiental UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922153217916928 |