Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22147 |
Resumo: | This work aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing speeds and doses of solid lubricant on the longitudinal distribution and population of corn plants, in two agricultural years, and also to evaluate, among the statistical indicators, the one that best detects the spatial variability of seeds. The study was conducted in Latossolo Vermelho, in an area of 0.36 hectares, located in the municipality of Boa Vista das Missões, RS, Brazil. The experiment was carried out with the Stara brand seed drill, model Victoria 3150. It was mounted with eight rows, spaced 0.45 m each, with mechanical seed distribution, by means of a honeycomb disc, with 28 holes and an opening of 11.5 mm, together with a 4 mm thick ring, with a 2 mm recess. The furrowers are of the rod type for fertilizer and double offset disc for seeds and had an individual seed reservoir. It was pulled by an agricultural tractor with compatible power. In each sowing strip, with a width of 3.15 meters and a useful length of 10 meters, the acceptable spacings, faults and doubles between plants were evaluated, at different sowing speeds (2.0; 4.0; 6.0;); 8.0 and 10.0 km h-1) which were organized and distributed by drawing lots, within each block, with four repetitions. Each seed reservoir contained a dose of lubricant (0.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0; 12.0; 16.0; 20.0 and 24.0 g kg-1 of seed), where were sorted by drawing lots, in each seeding range. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test (ρ≤0.05). When the interaction between factor levels was significant, the response surface model was adjusted, and when it was not significant, general regression models were adjusted for seeding rates and lubricant doses separately, as long as the factors were significant. . Statistical indicators were also evaluated (Standard Error, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Mean Absolute Deviation and Mean Absolute Adjusted Deviation), in order to check which of these has the greatest capacity to detect the spatial variability of seeds. It was observed in agricultural year 1 that, for speeds of 4 and 6 km h -1 the ideal doses of lubricant are 8 and 12 g kg-1 of seed. For the second year, a similar behavior occurred, but the lubricant acts in the background, and with the increase in work speed, there is a reduction in plantability. As for the variability indicators, the Adjusted Absolute Mean Deviation, based on the reference distribution, was higher than the others. In general, the increase in sowing speed causes an increase, not only in faulty and double plants, but also in the spatial variability of plants, due to all the variability indicators used in this work. It is recommended, when using mechanical seeders, to sow the maize crop at speeds of 4 to 6 km h-1, with a dose of graphite between 8 and 12 g kg-1 seed. |
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Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milhoEffect of seeding speeds and doses of solid lubricant on establishment of maize cropZea maysQualidade de semeaduraMecanização agrícolaSemeadorasPlantabilidadeSowing qualityAgricultural mechanizationSowing machinesPlantabilityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAThis work aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing speeds and doses of solid lubricant on the longitudinal distribution and population of corn plants, in two agricultural years, and also to evaluate, among the statistical indicators, the one that best detects the spatial variability of seeds. The study was conducted in Latossolo Vermelho, in an area of 0.36 hectares, located in the municipality of Boa Vista das Missões, RS, Brazil. The experiment was carried out with the Stara brand seed drill, model Victoria 3150. It was mounted with eight rows, spaced 0.45 m each, with mechanical seed distribution, by means of a honeycomb disc, with 28 holes and an opening of 11.5 mm, together with a 4 mm thick ring, with a 2 mm recess. The furrowers are of the rod type for fertilizer and double offset disc for seeds and had an individual seed reservoir. It was pulled by an agricultural tractor with compatible power. In each sowing strip, with a width of 3.15 meters and a useful length of 10 meters, the acceptable spacings, faults and doubles between plants were evaluated, at different sowing speeds (2.0; 4.0; 6.0;); 8.0 and 10.0 km h-1) which were organized and distributed by drawing lots, within each block, with four repetitions. Each seed reservoir contained a dose of lubricant (0.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0; 12.0; 16.0; 20.0 and 24.0 g kg-1 of seed), where were sorted by drawing lots, in each seeding range. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test (ρ≤0.05). When the interaction between factor levels was significant, the response surface model was adjusted, and when it was not significant, general regression models were adjusted for seeding rates and lubricant doses separately, as long as the factors were significant. . Statistical indicators were also evaluated (Standard Error, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Mean Absolute Deviation and Mean Absolute Adjusted Deviation), in order to check which of these has the greatest capacity to detect the spatial variability of seeds. It was observed in agricultural year 1 that, for speeds of 4 and 6 km h -1 the ideal doses of lubricant are 8 and 12 g kg-1 of seed. For the second year, a similar behavior occurred, but the lubricant acts in the background, and with the increase in work speed, there is a reduction in plantability. As for the variability indicators, the Adjusted Absolute Mean Deviation, based on the reference distribution, was higher than the others. In general, the increase in sowing speed causes an increase, not only in faulty and double plants, but also in the spatial variability of plants, due to all the variability indicators used in this work. It is recommended, when using mechanical seeders, to sow the maize crop at speeds of 4 to 6 km h-1, with a dose of graphite between 8 and 12 g kg-1 seed.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESEste trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar o efeito de velocidades de semeadura e doses de lubrificante sólido sobre a distribuição longitudinal e população de plantas de milho, em dois anos agrícolas e, ainda, avaliar dentre os indicadores estatísticos, aquele que melhor detecta a variabilidade espacial de sementes. O estudo foi conduzido em Latossolo Vermelho, em área de 0,36 hectares, localizada no município de Boa Vista das Missões, RS, Brasil. O experimento foi realizado com a semeadora da marca Stara, modelo Victoria 3150. Estava montada com oito linhas, espaçadas em 0,45 m cada, com distribuição mecânica de sementes, por meio de disco alveolado, com 28 furos e abertura de 11,5 mm, juntamente com anel de 4 mm de espessura, com rebaixe de 2 mm. Os sulcadores são do tipo haste para adubo e disco duplo desencontrado para sementes e contava com reservatório de sementes individual. Foi tracionada por um trator agrícola com potência compatível. Em cada faixa de semeadura, com largura de 3,15 metros e comprimento útil de 10 metros, foram avaliados os espaçamentos aceitáveis, falhos e duplos entre plantas, em diferentes velocidades de semeadura (2,0; 4,0; 6,0; 8,0 e 10,0 km h-1) que foram organizadas e distribuídas por meio de sorteio, dentro de cada bloco, com quatro repetições. Cada reservatório de semente continha uma dose de lubrificante (0,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0; 12,0; 16,0; 20,0 e 24,0 g kg-1 de semente), onde foram ordenadas por meio de sorteio, em cada faixa de semeadura. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (ρ≤0,05). Quando a interação entre os níveis dos fatores foi significativa, ajustou-se o modelo de superfície resposta, e quando não foi significativa, ajustou-se modelos de regressão gerais, para velocidades de semeadura e doses de lubrificantes separadamente, desde que os fatores apresentassem significância. Também foram avaliados os indicadores estatísticos (Erro Padrão, Desvio Padrão, Coeficiente de Variação, Desvio Médio Absoluto e Desvio Médio Absoluto Ajustado), a fim de conferir qual destes tem maior capacidade de detectar a variabilidade espacial de sementes. Observou-se no ano agrícola 1 que, para as velocidades de 4 e 6 km h -1 as doses ideais de lubrificante são de 8 e 12 g kg-1 de semente. Para o segundo ano, ocorreu comportamento similar, porém o lubrificante atua em segundo plano, e com o aumento da velocidade de trabalho, tem-se redução da plantabilidade. Quanto aos indicadores de variabilidade, o Desvio Médio Absoluto Ajustado, com base na distribuição referência, foi superior em relação aos demais. De modo geral, o aumento da velocidade de semeadura provoca aumento, não só de plantas falhas e duplas, como também da variabilidade espacial de plantas, por todos os indicadores de variabilidade usados neste trabalho. Recomenda-se, ao utilizar semeadoras mecânicas, realizar a semeadura da cultura do milho entre as velocidades de 4 e 6 km h-1, com dose de grafite entre 8 e 12 g kg-1 semente.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Agricultura e AmbienteUFSM Frederico WestphalenFarias, Marcelo Silveira dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6322690081849134Santi, Antônio LuisBertollo, Gilvan MoisésFonseca, Alencar Zachi da2021-09-03T12:45:04Z2021-09-03T12:45:04Z2021-05-28info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22147porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-09-04T06:00:39Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/22147Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-09-04T06:00:39Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho Effect of seeding speeds and doses of solid lubricant on establishment of maize crop |
title |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
spellingShingle |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho Fonseca, Alencar Zachi da Zea mays Qualidade de semeadura Mecanização agrícola Semeadoras Plantabilidade Sowing quality Agricultural mechanization Sowing machines Plantability CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
title_full |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
title_fullStr |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
title_sort |
Efeito da velocidade de semeadura e dose de lubrificante sólido no estabelecimento da cultura do milho |
author |
Fonseca, Alencar Zachi da |
author_facet |
Fonseca, Alencar Zachi da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Farias, Marcelo Silveira de http://lattes.cnpq.br/6322690081849134 Santi, Antônio Luis Bertollo, Gilvan Moisés |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Fonseca, Alencar Zachi da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Zea mays Qualidade de semeadura Mecanização agrícola Semeadoras Plantabilidade Sowing quality Agricultural mechanization Sowing machines Plantability CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
topic |
Zea mays Qualidade de semeadura Mecanização agrícola Semeadoras Plantabilidade Sowing quality Agricultural mechanization Sowing machines Plantability CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
This work aimed to evaluate the effect of sowing speeds and doses of solid lubricant on the longitudinal distribution and population of corn plants, in two agricultural years, and also to evaluate, among the statistical indicators, the one that best detects the spatial variability of seeds. The study was conducted in Latossolo Vermelho, in an area of 0.36 hectares, located in the municipality of Boa Vista das Missões, RS, Brazil. The experiment was carried out with the Stara brand seed drill, model Victoria 3150. It was mounted with eight rows, spaced 0.45 m each, with mechanical seed distribution, by means of a honeycomb disc, with 28 holes and an opening of 11.5 mm, together with a 4 mm thick ring, with a 2 mm recess. The furrowers are of the rod type for fertilizer and double offset disc for seeds and had an individual seed reservoir. It was pulled by an agricultural tractor with compatible power. In each sowing strip, with a width of 3.15 meters and a useful length of 10 meters, the acceptable spacings, faults and doubles between plants were evaluated, at different sowing speeds (2.0; 4.0; 6.0;); 8.0 and 10.0 km h-1) which were organized and distributed by drawing lots, within each block, with four repetitions. Each seed reservoir contained a dose of lubricant (0.0; 2.0; 4.0; 8.0; 12.0; 16.0; 20.0 and 24.0 g kg-1 of seed), where were sorted by drawing lots, in each seeding range. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test (ρ≤0.05). When the interaction between factor levels was significant, the response surface model was adjusted, and when it was not significant, general regression models were adjusted for seeding rates and lubricant doses separately, as long as the factors were significant. . Statistical indicators were also evaluated (Standard Error, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Mean Absolute Deviation and Mean Absolute Adjusted Deviation), in order to check which of these has the greatest capacity to detect the spatial variability of seeds. It was observed in agricultural year 1 that, for speeds of 4 and 6 km h -1 the ideal doses of lubricant are 8 and 12 g kg-1 of seed. For the second year, a similar behavior occurred, but the lubricant acts in the background, and with the increase in work speed, there is a reduction in plantability. As for the variability indicators, the Adjusted Absolute Mean Deviation, based on the reference distribution, was higher than the others. In general, the increase in sowing speed causes an increase, not only in faulty and double plants, but also in the spatial variability of plants, due to all the variability indicators used in this work. It is recommended, when using mechanical seeders, to sow the maize crop at speeds of 4 to 6 km h-1, with a dose of graphite between 8 and 12 g kg-1 seed. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-09-03T12:45:04Z 2021-09-03T12:45:04Z 2021-05-28 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22147 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/22147 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Agricultura e Ambiente UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia - Agricultura e Ambiente UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922074762412032 |