Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2018 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23358 |
Resumo: | The increasing use of Soil Bioengineering in infrastructure works has required the improvement of the technical information regarding the behavior and performance of the plants which are used as building material. On this subject, the inclusion of plants on the calculation of geotechnical slope stability has been emphasized in recent years. To make this possible, the first step is to determine, in a representative way, the effect of plants on the shear strength of the soil, which is still a challenge due to the lack of specific equipment and standard procedures for conducting field tests with plants under natural or planting conditions. In order to contribute to these questions, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the woody species Phyllanthus sellowianus (Klotzsch) Müll. (Phyllanthaceae) on the soil resistance to in-situ direct shear and its influence on slope stability. To achieve this objective, the study was developed in two interdependent parts: 1) Analysis of the relationship between the plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance to the pullout; and 2) In-situ direct shear tests performed on soil with and without roots. The pullout and the in-situ direct shear experiments were performed in the Vale Vêneto district, in the municipality of São João do Polêsine, RS. In both experiments, the P. sellowianus planting was carried out using live cuttings collected from different plants. In the mowing and weeding area, the live cuttings were planted by direct planting system, in spacings of 1.0x1.0 m (pullout tests) and 0.7x0.7 m (shear tests). For the conduction of the pullout and the in-situ shear tests, devices specifically designed and developed for the tasks were used. In the study of the interdependence between the development of plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance, it was identified that the sum of the cross-sectional area of shoots (mm2) was the variable with the greatest capacity to describe the variations in the resistance of the roots of the plants. This variable, therefore, was used to representatively sample the plants to be used in in-situ direct shear tests. In the shear tests, it was identified that, after 12 months of field development, the plants did not influence the angle of internal friction of the soil, but they had influence on the soil cohesion, which provided an increase of up to 83.1%. Therefore, the plants acted as soil reinforcement elements. Regarding the influence of the plants on the slope stability, a positive contribution was verified since the plants influenced significantly the cohesion of the soil. The in-situ direct shear machine, developed to make feasible the present study, as well as the procedures that supported its use, were effective in the task of quantifying the effect of plants in the shear strength of the soil. Following the means and procedures used in the present study, the general aspect of the in-situ direct shear tests may evolve towards the elaboration of a standardized technical specification, which may be useful for slope geotechnical stabilization projects. |
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Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situShear strength of soil with roots – in-situ direct shear testsEngenharia naturalRecuperação de áreas degradadasInteração solo-raízesReforço do soloSistema radicularFator de segurançaManejo de bacias hidrográficasManejo de bacias hidrográficasSoil bioengineeringReclamation of degraded areasSoil-root interactionSoil reinforcementRoot systemFactor of safetyWatershed managementCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTALThe increasing use of Soil Bioengineering in infrastructure works has required the improvement of the technical information regarding the behavior and performance of the plants which are used as building material. On this subject, the inclusion of plants on the calculation of geotechnical slope stability has been emphasized in recent years. To make this possible, the first step is to determine, in a representative way, the effect of plants on the shear strength of the soil, which is still a challenge due to the lack of specific equipment and standard procedures for conducting field tests with plants under natural or planting conditions. In order to contribute to these questions, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the woody species Phyllanthus sellowianus (Klotzsch) Müll. (Phyllanthaceae) on the soil resistance to in-situ direct shear and its influence on slope stability. To achieve this objective, the study was developed in two interdependent parts: 1) Analysis of the relationship between the plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance to the pullout; and 2) In-situ direct shear tests performed on soil with and without roots. The pullout and the in-situ direct shear experiments were performed in the Vale Vêneto district, in the municipality of São João do Polêsine, RS. In both experiments, the P. sellowianus planting was carried out using live cuttings collected from different plants. In the mowing and weeding area, the live cuttings were planted by direct planting system, in spacings of 1.0x1.0 m (pullout tests) and 0.7x0.7 m (shear tests). For the conduction of the pullout and the in-situ shear tests, devices specifically designed and developed for the tasks were used. In the study of the interdependence between the development of plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance, it was identified that the sum of the cross-sectional area of shoots (mm2) was the variable with the greatest capacity to describe the variations in the resistance of the roots of the plants. This variable, therefore, was used to representatively sample the plants to be used in in-situ direct shear tests. In the shear tests, it was identified that, after 12 months of field development, the plants did not influence the angle of internal friction of the soil, but they had influence on the soil cohesion, which provided an increase of up to 83.1%. Therefore, the plants acted as soil reinforcement elements. Regarding the influence of the plants on the slope stability, a positive contribution was verified since the plants influenced significantly the cohesion of the soil. The in-situ direct shear machine, developed to make feasible the present study, as well as the procedures that supported its use, were effective in the task of quantifying the effect of plants in the shear strength of the soil. Following the means and procedures used in the present study, the general aspect of the in-situ direct shear tests may evolve towards the elaboration of a standardized technical specification, which may be useful for slope geotechnical stabilization projects.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESO crescente uso da Engenharia Natural em obras de infraestrutura tem exigido o aperfeiçoamento de informações técnicas a respeito do comportamento e desempenho das plantas que são utilizadas como material construtivo. Neste sentido, nos últimos anos, tem-se dado grande destaque à inclusão de plantas em cálculos de estabilidade geotécnica de taludes. Para tornar isso possível, o primeiro passo é determinar, de modo representativo, o efeito de plantas na resistência ao cisalhamento do solo, o que ainda é um desafio devido à falta de equipamentos específicos e procedimentos padronizados para realização de ensaios de campo, com plantas desenvolvendo sob condições naturais ou de plantio. No sentido de contribuir para o atendimento dessas questões, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar o efeito de plantas da espécie lenhosa Phyllanthus sellowianus (Klotzsch) Müll. (Phyllanthaceae) na resistência do solo ao cisalhamento direto in situ e sua influência na estabilidade de taludes. Para atender a esse objetivo, o estudo foi desenvolvido em duas estapas interdependentes: 1) Análise da relação entre desenvolvimento da parte área das plantas e resistência do sistema radicial ao arranquio; e 2) Ensaios de resistência ao cisalhamento direto in situ, de solo com e sem raízes. Os experimentos de arranquio e cisalhamento direto in situ foram implantados no distrito de Vale Vêneto, no município de São João do Polêsine, RS. Tanto no experimento de arranquio quanto no experimento de cisalhamento direto in situ, o plantio de P. sellowianus foi realizado por meio de estacas coletadas de diferentes plantas matrizes, plantadas em sistema de plantio direto, em área roçada e capinada, em espaçamento de 1,0x1,0 m (arranquio) e 0,7x0,7 m (cisalhamento). Para a condução dos testes de arranquio e dos ensaios de cisalhamento foram utilizadas máquinas especificamente projetadas e desenvolvidas para as tarefas. No estudo da interdependência entre desenvolvimento da parte aérea das plantas e seu sistema radicial, identificou-se que a soma da área transversal de brotos (mm2) foi a variável com maior capacidade de descrever as variações na resistência das raízes. Essa variável, portanto, foi utilizada para amostrar de maneira representativa as plantas a serem empregadas nos ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ. Nos ensaios de cisalhamento, identificou-se que, após tempo relativamente curto de desenvolvimento a campo (até 12 meses), as plantas não influenciaram o ângulo de atrito interno do solo, porém tiveram influência na coesão do solo, para a qual proporcionaram um aumento de até 83,1%. Portanto, as plantas atuaram como elementos de reforço do solo. O equipamento de cisalhamento direto in situ, desenvolvido para viabilizar o presente estudo, assim como os procedimentos que possibilitarama o seu uso, se mostraram efetivos na tarefa de quantificar o efeito de plantas na resistência ao cisalhamento do solo. Seguindo os meios e os procedimentos utilizados no presente estudo, o aspecto geral dos ensaios de resistência ao cisalhamento direto in situ pode evoluir para a elaboração de uma especificação técnica padronizada, que pode ser útil aos projetos de estabilização geotécnia de taludes.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalCentro de Ciências RuraisSutili, Fabrício Jaqueshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5871729986469148Pinheiro, Rinaldo do José BarbosaBressani, Luiz AntônioAraujo, Maristela MachadoMoraes, Moacir Tuzzin deMaffra, Charles Rodrigo Belmonte2021-12-17T13:10:14Z2021-12-17T13:10:14Z2018-02-26info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23358porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2021-12-29T18:52:12Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/23358Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-12-29T18:52:12Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ Shear strength of soil with roots – in-situ direct shear tests |
title |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
spellingShingle |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ Maffra, Charles Rodrigo Belmonte Engenharia natural Recuperação de áreas degradadas Interação solo-raízes Reforço do solo Sistema radicular Fator de segurança Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Soil bioengineering Reclamation of degraded areas Soil-root interaction Soil reinforcement Root system Factor of safety Watershed management CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
title_short |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
title_full |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
title_fullStr |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
title_full_unstemmed |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
title_sort |
Resistência ao cisalhamento de solo com raízes – ensaios de cisalhamento direto in situ |
author |
Maffra, Charles Rodrigo Belmonte |
author_facet |
Maffra, Charles Rodrigo Belmonte |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Sutili, Fabrício Jaques http://lattes.cnpq.br/5871729986469148 Pinheiro, Rinaldo do José Barbosa Bressani, Luiz Antônio Araujo, Maristela Machado Moraes, Moacir Tuzzin de |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Maffra, Charles Rodrigo Belmonte |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Engenharia natural Recuperação de áreas degradadas Interação solo-raízes Reforço do solo Sistema radicular Fator de segurança Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Soil bioengineering Reclamation of degraded areas Soil-root interaction Soil reinforcement Root system Factor of safety Watershed management CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
topic |
Engenharia natural Recuperação de áreas degradadas Interação solo-raízes Reforço do solo Sistema radicular Fator de segurança Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Manejo de bacias hidrográficas Soil bioengineering Reclamation of degraded areas Soil-root interaction Soil reinforcement Root system Factor of safety Watershed management CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
description |
The increasing use of Soil Bioengineering in infrastructure works has required the improvement of the technical information regarding the behavior and performance of the plants which are used as building material. On this subject, the inclusion of plants on the calculation of geotechnical slope stability has been emphasized in recent years. To make this possible, the first step is to determine, in a representative way, the effect of plants on the shear strength of the soil, which is still a challenge due to the lack of specific equipment and standard procedures for conducting field tests with plants under natural or planting conditions. In order to contribute to these questions, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the woody species Phyllanthus sellowianus (Klotzsch) Müll. (Phyllanthaceae) on the soil resistance to in-situ direct shear and its influence on slope stability. To achieve this objective, the study was developed in two interdependent parts: 1) Analysis of the relationship between the plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance to the pullout; and 2) In-situ direct shear tests performed on soil with and without roots. The pullout and the in-situ direct shear experiments were performed in the Vale Vêneto district, in the municipality of São João do Polêsine, RS. In both experiments, the P. sellowianus planting was carried out using live cuttings collected from different plants. In the mowing and weeding area, the live cuttings were planted by direct planting system, in spacings of 1.0x1.0 m (pullout tests) and 0.7x0.7 m (shear tests). For the conduction of the pullout and the in-situ shear tests, devices specifically designed and developed for the tasks were used. In the study of the interdependence between the development of plant aerial compartments and the root system resistance, it was identified that the sum of the cross-sectional area of shoots (mm2) was the variable with the greatest capacity to describe the variations in the resistance of the roots of the plants. This variable, therefore, was used to representatively sample the plants to be used in in-situ direct shear tests. In the shear tests, it was identified that, after 12 months of field development, the plants did not influence the angle of internal friction of the soil, but they had influence on the soil cohesion, which provided an increase of up to 83.1%. Therefore, the plants acted as soil reinforcement elements. Regarding the influence of the plants on the slope stability, a positive contribution was verified since the plants influenced significantly the cohesion of the soil. The in-situ direct shear machine, developed to make feasible the present study, as well as the procedures that supported its use, were effective in the task of quantifying the effect of plants in the shear strength of the soil. Following the means and procedures used in the present study, the general aspect of the in-situ direct shear tests may evolve towards the elaboration of a standardized technical specification, which may be useful for slope geotechnical stabilization projects. |
publishDate |
2018 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2018-02-26 2021-12-17T13:10:14Z 2021-12-17T13:10:14Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23358 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/23358 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922074755072000 |