Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2023 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28733 |
Resumo: | A wide variety of ecosystem services related to biodiversity and carbon (C) storage are provided by grasslands and forests in the Pampa biome. Despite the importance of these services, the conversion of natural areas in this region of Brazil is rapid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the floristics and the C stock of soil and litter in grassland and riparian forest areas with different levels of conservation in the Pampa. The study areas were named as gully (V), degraded grassland (CD), conserved grassland (CC), degraded forest (MD) and conserved forest (MC). V is an area in an advanced process of erosion, composed of two gullies. CD is an area of native grassland with an animal stocking rate of 310 kg of live weight per hectare and biological invasion by Eragrostis plana Nees. CC is also an area of native grassland, but managed with an animal stocking rate of 170 kg of live weight per hectare. MD and MC are contiguous areas of riparian forest, with MD managed with cattle and MC isolated from cattle. In the floristic survey, the abundance and richness of species were evaluated in plots of 1 m x 1 m (V, CD and CC), 10 m x 20 m (tree stratum of MD and MC) and 10 m x 10 m (natural regeneration of MD and MC). In each study area, 20 litter samples and five composite soil samples were collected at depths of 0-5, 5-15, 15-30 and 30-100 cm. C and nitrogen (N) contents and natural isotope ratio were determined and Shannon Diversity Index (H') and Pielou Evenness Index (J') were calculated. Soil and litter data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Data on abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of grassland areas (V, CD and CC) were submitted to the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05), followed by the Dunn test. To compare the means of abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of the tree stratum and natural regeneration of riparian forest areas (MD and MC) an ANOVA was performed (F test, p<0.05). In the floristic survey, 5,798 individuals were sampled, distributed in 38 families and 134 species. The abundance of individuals of V and CC was different, but there were no differences between V, CD and CC for richness, H' and J'. In riparian forests, livestock use reduced abundance in the tree stratum and drastically reduced abundance, richness, and H' in natural regeneration. The litter proved to be an important compartment that stores C in the areas of grassland and riparian forest and its accumulation was impacted by degradation. Degradation modified the species composition and C stock of the litter in the grassland areas. The highest degree of soil degradation in V decreased the C stock in relation to CD. Livestock use impacted the structure and floristic composition of riparian forest areas, but did not change the C stock in the soil. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the Pampa biome in maintaining plant biodiversity and C storage in the soil and litter, and can support the implementation of public conservation and restoration policies. |
id |
UFSM_8bde874ff4714a37db43c344bc680453 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/28733 |
network_acronym_str |
UFSM |
network_name_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservaçãoFloristics and carbon of soil and litter in grasslands and forests of the Pampa biome with different levels of conservationConservaçãoDegradaçãoMata ciliarGadoBiodiversidadeConservationDegradationRiparian forestCattleBiodiversityCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTALA wide variety of ecosystem services related to biodiversity and carbon (C) storage are provided by grasslands and forests in the Pampa biome. Despite the importance of these services, the conversion of natural areas in this region of Brazil is rapid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the floristics and the C stock of soil and litter in grassland and riparian forest areas with different levels of conservation in the Pampa. The study areas were named as gully (V), degraded grassland (CD), conserved grassland (CC), degraded forest (MD) and conserved forest (MC). V is an area in an advanced process of erosion, composed of two gullies. CD is an area of native grassland with an animal stocking rate of 310 kg of live weight per hectare and biological invasion by Eragrostis plana Nees. CC is also an area of native grassland, but managed with an animal stocking rate of 170 kg of live weight per hectare. MD and MC are contiguous areas of riparian forest, with MD managed with cattle and MC isolated from cattle. In the floristic survey, the abundance and richness of species were evaluated in plots of 1 m x 1 m (V, CD and CC), 10 m x 20 m (tree stratum of MD and MC) and 10 m x 10 m (natural regeneration of MD and MC). In each study area, 20 litter samples and five composite soil samples were collected at depths of 0-5, 5-15, 15-30 and 30-100 cm. C and nitrogen (N) contents and natural isotope ratio were determined and Shannon Diversity Index (H') and Pielou Evenness Index (J') were calculated. Soil and litter data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Data on abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of grassland areas (V, CD and CC) were submitted to the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05), followed by the Dunn test. To compare the means of abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of the tree stratum and natural regeneration of riparian forest areas (MD and MC) an ANOVA was performed (F test, p<0.05). In the floristic survey, 5,798 individuals were sampled, distributed in 38 families and 134 species. The abundance of individuals of V and CC was different, but there were no differences between V, CD and CC for richness, H' and J'. In riparian forests, livestock use reduced abundance in the tree stratum and drastically reduced abundance, richness, and H' in natural regeneration. The litter proved to be an important compartment that stores C in the areas of grassland and riparian forest and its accumulation was impacted by degradation. Degradation modified the species composition and C stock of the litter in the grassland areas. The highest degree of soil degradation in V decreased the C stock in relation to CD. Livestock use impacted the structure and floristic composition of riparian forest areas, but did not change the C stock in the soil. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the Pampa biome in maintaining plant biodiversity and C storage in the soil and litter, and can support the implementation of public conservation and restoration policies.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESUma ampla variedade de serviços ecossistêmicos relacionados à biodiversidade e ao armazenamento de carbono (C) é fornecida por campos e florestas do bioma Pampa. Apesar da importância desses serviços, é rápida a conversão de áreas naturais nessa região do Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a florística e o estoque de C do solo e da serapilheira em áreas de campo e mata ciliar com distintos níveis de conservação no Pampa. As áreas de estudo foram denominadas como voçoroca (V), campo degradado (CD), campo conservado (CC), mata degradada (MD) e mata conservada (MC). V é uma área em processo avançado de erosão, composta por duas voçorocas. CD é uma área de campo nativo com carga animal de 310 kg de peso vivo por hectare e invasão biológica por Eragrostis plana Nees. CC também é uma área de campo nativo, porém manejada com carga animal de 170 kg de peso vivo por hectare. MD e MC são áreas de mata ciliar contíguas, sendo MD manejada com gado e MC isolada do gado. No levantamento florístico foram avaliadas a abundância e riqueza de espécies em parcelas de 1 m x 1 m (V, CD e CC), 10 m x 20 m (estrato arbóreo de MD e MC) e 10 m x 10 m (regeneração natural de MD e MC). Em cada área de estudo foram coletadas 20 amostras de serapilheira e cinco amostras de solo compostas nas profundidades de 0-5, 5-15, 15-30 e 30-100 cm. Foram determinados os teores de C e nitrogênio (N) e razão isotópica natural e calculados os Índices de Diversidade de Shannon (H’) e Equabilidade de Pielou (J’). Os dados de solo e serapilheira foram submetidos à ANOVA e teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os dados de abundância, riqueza, diversidade e equabilidade das áreas de campo (V, CD e CC) foram submetidos ao teste de Kruskall-Wallis (p<0,05), seguido pelo teste de Dunn. Para comparar as médias de abundância, riqueza, diversidade e equabilidade do estrato arbóreo e regeneração natural das áreas de mata ciliar (MD e MC) foi realizada a ANOVA (teste F, p<0,05). No levantamento florístico foram amostrados 5.798 indivíduos, distribuídos em 38 famílias e 134 espécies. A abundância de indivíduos de V e CC foi diferente, mas não houve diferenças entre V, CD e CC para riqueza, H’ e J’. Nas matas ciliares, o uso pelo gado reduziu a abundância no estrato arbóreo e diminuiu drasticamente a abundância, riqueza e H’ na regeneração natural. A serapilheira se mostrou como um importante compartimento que armazena C nas áreas de campo e mata ciliar e seu acúmulo foi impactado pela degradação. A degradação modificou a composição de espécies e o estoque de C da serapilheira nas áreas de campo. O maior grau de degradação do solo em V diminuiu o estoque de C em relação a CD. O uso pelo gado impactou a estrutura e composição florística das áreas de mata ciliar, mas não alterou o estoque de C do solo. Os resultados deste estudo reforçam a importância do bioma Pampa na manutenção da biodiversidade vegetal e armazenamento de C no solo e serapilheira e podem apoiar a implementação de políticas públicas de conservação e restauração.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilRecursos Florestais e Engenharia FlorestalUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalCentro de Ciências RuraisRovedder, Ana Paula Moreirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5274469660466638Augusto, Danielle Camargo CelentanoRocha, Samuel José Silva Soares daMilagre, Jocimar Caiafa2023-04-18T13:00:22Z2023-04-18T13:00:22Z2023-02-13info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28733porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2023-04-18T13:00:22Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/28733Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2023-04-18T13:00:22Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação Floristics and carbon of soil and litter in grasslands and forests of the Pampa biome with different levels of conservation |
title |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
spellingShingle |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação Milagre, Jocimar Caiafa Conservação Degradação Mata ciliar Gado Biodiversidade Conservation Degradation Riparian forest Cattle Biodiversity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
title_short |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
title_full |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
title_fullStr |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
title_full_unstemmed |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
title_sort |
Florística e carbono do solo e da serapilheira em campos e florestas do bioma Pampa com diferentes níveis de conservação |
author |
Milagre, Jocimar Caiafa |
author_facet |
Milagre, Jocimar Caiafa |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Rovedder, Ana Paula Moreira http://lattes.cnpq.br/5274469660466638 Augusto, Danielle Camargo Celentano Rocha, Samuel José Silva Soares da |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Milagre, Jocimar Caiafa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Conservação Degradação Mata ciliar Gado Biodiversidade Conservation Degradation Riparian forest Cattle Biodiversity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
topic |
Conservação Degradação Mata ciliar Gado Biodiversidade Conservation Degradation Riparian forest Cattle Biodiversity CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL |
description |
A wide variety of ecosystem services related to biodiversity and carbon (C) storage are provided by grasslands and forests in the Pampa biome. Despite the importance of these services, the conversion of natural areas in this region of Brazil is rapid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the floristics and the C stock of soil and litter in grassland and riparian forest areas with different levels of conservation in the Pampa. The study areas were named as gully (V), degraded grassland (CD), conserved grassland (CC), degraded forest (MD) and conserved forest (MC). V is an area in an advanced process of erosion, composed of two gullies. CD is an area of native grassland with an animal stocking rate of 310 kg of live weight per hectare and biological invasion by Eragrostis plana Nees. CC is also an area of native grassland, but managed with an animal stocking rate of 170 kg of live weight per hectare. MD and MC are contiguous areas of riparian forest, with MD managed with cattle and MC isolated from cattle. In the floristic survey, the abundance and richness of species were evaluated in plots of 1 m x 1 m (V, CD and CC), 10 m x 20 m (tree stratum of MD and MC) and 10 m x 10 m (natural regeneration of MD and MC). In each study area, 20 litter samples and five composite soil samples were collected at depths of 0-5, 5-15, 15-30 and 30-100 cm. C and nitrogen (N) contents and natural isotope ratio were determined and Shannon Diversity Index (H') and Pielou Evenness Index (J') were calculated. Soil and litter data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Data on abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of grassland areas (V, CD and CC) were submitted to the Kruskall-Wallis test (p<0.05), followed by the Dunn test. To compare the means of abundance, richness, diversity and evenness of the tree stratum and natural regeneration of riparian forest areas (MD and MC) an ANOVA was performed (F test, p<0.05). In the floristic survey, 5,798 individuals were sampled, distributed in 38 families and 134 species. The abundance of individuals of V and CC was different, but there were no differences between V, CD and CC for richness, H' and J'. In riparian forests, livestock use reduced abundance in the tree stratum and drastically reduced abundance, richness, and H' in natural regeneration. The litter proved to be an important compartment that stores C in the areas of grassland and riparian forest and its accumulation was impacted by degradation. Degradation modified the species composition and C stock of the litter in the grassland areas. The highest degree of soil degradation in V decreased the C stock in relation to CD. Livestock use impacted the structure and floristic composition of riparian forest areas, but did not change the C stock in the soil. The results of this study reinforce the importance of the Pampa biome in maintaining plant biodiversity and C storage in the soil and litter, and can support the implementation of public conservation and restoration policies. |
publishDate |
2023 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-18T13:00:22Z 2023-04-18T13:00:22Z 2023-02-13 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28733 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28733 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922062396555264 |