Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18715 |
Resumo: | Limnic environments are threatened worldwide, receiving loads of pollutants from various anthropogenic activities. Brazil is one of the largest consumers of agrochemicals, especially pesticides. These will eventually enter the aquatic systems via several mechanisms and may be dammed, as in the reservoirs, affecting directly or indirectly their dwellers. Toxicity biomarkers are widely used in ecotoxicology to verify deviations from the normal function. However, biomarkers may fluctuate seasonally due to abiotic/biological factors, such as the temperature that governs the physiology of ectothermic animals. In this study, two species of fish (Loricariichthys anus and Geophagus brasiliensis) were collected seasonally along with abiotic variables during one year at six sites in the Passo Real reservoir, in the Upper Jacuí basin, southern Brazil. Eight pesticides were detected in the water. As temperature is the key factor for physiological regulation, comparing biomarkers data from L. anus collected in the summer and in the winter, it can be seen that in the winter there were major changes in the liver (increase of GST and GPx) and in the gills in the summer (elevation of GST, GPx and TBARS). Increased AChE in brain and muscle in the winter was associated with carbonylation of proteins. As the variables act concomitantly on the organisms, a redundancy analysis was performed for both species, considering the biochemical responses and data of pesticides, metals and abiotic factors of the four seasons. In this way, it was evident that not only the pesticides affect the biomarkers response, but also ammonia, nitrite, electrical conductivity and temperature. Seasonality was clearly fundamental for both species. Although it is difficult to separate the normal fluctuations of biomarkers from those related to the exposure of pollutants, in a long-term, these can cause indirect effects to the populations of these species by reducing food resources or affecting fitness by diverting energy to produce antioxidant defenses, reducing investment in other activities such as reproduction. |
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Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícolaToxicity biomarkers in Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) and Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influence of abiotic factors and agricultural pollutionSazonalidadePesticidasMetaisReservatórioPasso RealSeasonalityPesticidesMetalsReservoirPasso RealCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICALimnic environments are threatened worldwide, receiving loads of pollutants from various anthropogenic activities. Brazil is one of the largest consumers of agrochemicals, especially pesticides. These will eventually enter the aquatic systems via several mechanisms and may be dammed, as in the reservoirs, affecting directly or indirectly their dwellers. Toxicity biomarkers are widely used in ecotoxicology to verify deviations from the normal function. However, biomarkers may fluctuate seasonally due to abiotic/biological factors, such as the temperature that governs the physiology of ectothermic animals. In this study, two species of fish (Loricariichthys anus and Geophagus brasiliensis) were collected seasonally along with abiotic variables during one year at six sites in the Passo Real reservoir, in the Upper Jacuí basin, southern Brazil. Eight pesticides were detected in the water. As temperature is the key factor for physiological regulation, comparing biomarkers data from L. anus collected in the summer and in the winter, it can be seen that in the winter there were major changes in the liver (increase of GST and GPx) and in the gills in the summer (elevation of GST, GPx and TBARS). Increased AChE in brain and muscle in the winter was associated with carbonylation of proteins. As the variables act concomitantly on the organisms, a redundancy analysis was performed for both species, considering the biochemical responses and data of pesticides, metals and abiotic factors of the four seasons. In this way, it was evident that not only the pesticides affect the biomarkers response, but also ammonia, nitrite, electrical conductivity and temperature. Seasonality was clearly fundamental for both species. Although it is difficult to separate the normal fluctuations of biomarkers from those related to the exposure of pollutants, in a long-term, these can cause indirect effects to the populations of these species by reducing food resources or affecting fitness by diverting energy to produce antioxidant defenses, reducing investment in other activities such as reproduction.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESAmbientes límnicos estão ameaçados mundialmente, recebendo cargas de poluentes oriundos de diversas atividades antrópicas. O Brasil é um dos maiores consumidores de agroquímicos, em especial pesticidas. Estes, acabarão entrando nos sistemas aquáticos via diversos mecanismos e poderão ficar represados, especialmente nos reservatórios, afetando direta ou indiretamente os organismos que ali vivem. Biomarcadores de toxicidade são muito utilizados em trabalhos de ecotoxicologia para verificar desvios da função normal. Porém, biomarcadores podem flutuar sazonalmente em razão de fatores abióticos/biológicos, como a temperatura que governa a fisiologia de animais ecotérmicos. Neste estudo, duas espécies de peixes (Loricariichthys anus e Geophagus brasiliensis) foram coletadas juntamente com variáveis abióticas, sazonalmente, durante um ano em seis locais no reservatório Passo Real, bacia hidrográfica do Alto Jacuí, região sul do Brasil. Foram detectados oito pesticidas na água. Sendo a temperatura o fator chave para regulação fisiológica, comparando os dados dos biomarcadores de L. anus coletados no verão e inverno pode-se perceber que no inverno houve maiores alterações no fígado (aumento de GST e GPx) e no verão nas brânquias (elevação de GST, GPx e TBARS). Aumento da AChE em cérebro e músculo no inverno esteve associado com a carbonilação de proteínas. Como as variáveis atuam concomitantemente sob os organismos, foi realizada uma análise de redundância para ambas as espécies, considerando as respostas bioquímicas e dados de pesticidas, metais e fatores abióticos das quatro estações. Desta forma, ficou evidente que não somente os pesticidas afetam a resposta dos biomarcadores, mas também amônia, nitrito, condutividade elétrica e temperatura. A sazonalidade foi visivelmente fundamental para as duas espécies. Apesar de ser difícil separar as flutuações normais dos biomarcadores daquelas relacionadas à exposição dos poluentes, a longo prazo, esses podem causar efeitos indiretos às populações destas espécies, ao reduzir os recursos alimentares ou afetar o fitness ao desviar energia para produção de defesas antioxidantes, reduzindo o investimento em outras atividades como reprodução.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilBioquímicaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade AnimalCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasLoro, Vania Luciahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6392817606416780Schuch, André Passagliahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4932611269622766Clasen, Barbara Estevaohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4618772929333729Zanette, Julianohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3852213838957279Amaral, Aline Monique Blank do2019-10-30T15:54:15Z2019-10-30T15:54:15Z2019-04-02info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18715porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2019-10-31T06:02:20Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/18715Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2019-10-31T06:02:20Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola Toxicity biomarkers in Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) and Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influence of abiotic factors and agricultural pollution |
title |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
spellingShingle |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola Amaral, Aline Monique Blank do Sazonalidade Pesticidas Metais Reservatório Passo Real Seasonality Pesticides Metals Reservoir Passo Real CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
title_short |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
title_full |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
title_fullStr |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
title_sort |
Biomarcadores de toxicidade em Loricariichthys anus (Valenciennes, 1835) e Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824): influência de variáveis abióticas e da poluição agrícola |
author |
Amaral, Aline Monique Blank do |
author_facet |
Amaral, Aline Monique Blank do |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Loro, Vania Lucia http://lattes.cnpq.br/6392817606416780 Schuch, André Passaglia http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932611269622766 Clasen, Barbara Estevao http://lattes.cnpq.br/4618772929333729 Zanette, Juliano http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852213838957279 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Amaral, Aline Monique Blank do |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sazonalidade Pesticidas Metais Reservatório Passo Real Seasonality Pesticides Metals Reservoir Passo Real CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
topic |
Sazonalidade Pesticidas Metais Reservatório Passo Real Seasonality Pesticides Metals Reservoir Passo Real CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA |
description |
Limnic environments are threatened worldwide, receiving loads of pollutants from various anthropogenic activities. Brazil is one of the largest consumers of agrochemicals, especially pesticides. These will eventually enter the aquatic systems via several mechanisms and may be dammed, as in the reservoirs, affecting directly or indirectly their dwellers. Toxicity biomarkers are widely used in ecotoxicology to verify deviations from the normal function. However, biomarkers may fluctuate seasonally due to abiotic/biological factors, such as the temperature that governs the physiology of ectothermic animals. In this study, two species of fish (Loricariichthys anus and Geophagus brasiliensis) were collected seasonally along with abiotic variables during one year at six sites in the Passo Real reservoir, in the Upper Jacuí basin, southern Brazil. Eight pesticides were detected in the water. As temperature is the key factor for physiological regulation, comparing biomarkers data from L. anus collected in the summer and in the winter, it can be seen that in the winter there were major changes in the liver (increase of GST and GPx) and in the gills in the summer (elevation of GST, GPx and TBARS). Increased AChE in brain and muscle in the winter was associated with carbonylation of proteins. As the variables act concomitantly on the organisms, a redundancy analysis was performed for both species, considering the biochemical responses and data of pesticides, metals and abiotic factors of the four seasons. In this way, it was evident that not only the pesticides affect the biomarkers response, but also ammonia, nitrite, electrical conductivity and temperature. Seasonality was clearly fundamental for both species. Although it is difficult to separate the normal fluctuations of biomarkers from those related to the exposure of pollutants, in a long-term, these can cause indirect effects to the populations of these species by reducing food resources or affecting fitness by diverting energy to produce antioxidant defenses, reducing investment in other activities such as reproduction. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-10-30T15:54:15Z 2019-10-30T15:54:15Z 2019-04-02 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18715 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18715 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Bioquímica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Bioquímica UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
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1805922097350836224 |