Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19760 |
Resumo: | Sandy soils and with low organic matter content do not provide provide enough nitrogen (N) to supply the demand of Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp. However, the applied N is not always used in large quantities by these crops. Therefore, it is advisable to select the most efficient rootstocks and clones for N uptake. Also, define the best N doses and modes of supply that can promote adequate root system growth, favoring water and nutrient uptake, such as mineral forms of N, which may promote high yields, but as quality grapes; as well as rapid growth in the case of Eucalyptus sp. This will promote rationalization of fertilizers and decrease environmental contamination. The work aimed to establish the efficiency of N uptake and root growth dynamics in Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp., submitted to nitrogen fertilization. Two studies were conducted. Each study consisted of two experiments, one with grapevine and one with eucalyptus. Study 1 included selecting of vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones for the uptake efficiency of N. An experiment with two grapevine rootstocks (“Paulsen 1103” and “Magnólia”) and, another with two eucalyptus clones (“Eucalyptus saligna (32864)” and “Eucalyptus grandis (GPC 23)”), it was conducted. The vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones were cultivated for 20 and 30 days, respectively, in pots containing solution with Ca- SO4 to 0,1 mol L-1. After, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic rates were evaluated. The plants were again subjected to Hoagland solution, where periodic solution collections were performed during 65 hours of evaluation. After, shoot and root system morphological parameters, dry matter, N concentration were evaluated. The kinetic parameters of the uptake of NO3 - and NH4 +. (maximum absorption speed - Vmax, Michaelis-Menten constant - Km, minimum concentration - Cmin and influx - I)) were calculated using Influx software. Study 2 addressed the effect of N modes and doses on root system growth. In Experiment 1 'Alicante Bouschet' grapevines, grafted onto Paulsen 1103 rootstock were submitted to applications of 0, 40 and 100 kg kg N ha-1 year-1, supplied without irrigation (N surf) and via fertigation (N Fert). In the experiment 2 Eucalyptus grandis clones (GPC 23) were submitted to control (without N) (C), surface N (SN) and N in hole (CN). Leaf N concentration, yield components and root growth parameters (surface area, number, production and average diameter of roots) using minirhizotron were evaluated. In Study 1, Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone presented higher NO3 - and NH4 + uptake efficiency, since they presented lower Cmin and Km values, in both forms of N, which allows the extraction of N by roots, even in low concentrations in solution due to the higher affinity of the root uptake sites for NO3 - and NH4 +.The parameters of root length, surface area aid the Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone in their absorption efficiency and, consequently, better photosynthetic performance and higher root and shoot dry matter production. In Study 2 the highest doses of N (40 and 100 kg N ha-1 year-1) for grapevine and the CN mode for eucalyptus increased higher levels of NO3 - and NH4 + in the soil, which stimulated higher values of production and surface área of roots. This contributes to higher N uptake, as observed in leaf N concentration, which increased production parameters such as eucalyptus height and stem diameter, productivity and number of vine clusters. However, increased productivity altered grape must composition, especially increasing total titratable acidity and reducing total anthocyanin and total soluble solids contents. |
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2020-03-06T17:52:14Z2020-03-06T17:52:14Z2019-07-30http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19760Sandy soils and with low organic matter content do not provide provide enough nitrogen (N) to supply the demand of Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp. However, the applied N is not always used in large quantities by these crops. Therefore, it is advisable to select the most efficient rootstocks and clones for N uptake. Also, define the best N doses and modes of supply that can promote adequate root system growth, favoring water and nutrient uptake, such as mineral forms of N, which may promote high yields, but as quality grapes; as well as rapid growth in the case of Eucalyptus sp. This will promote rationalization of fertilizers and decrease environmental contamination. The work aimed to establish the efficiency of N uptake and root growth dynamics in Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp., submitted to nitrogen fertilization. Two studies were conducted. Each study consisted of two experiments, one with grapevine and one with eucalyptus. Study 1 included selecting of vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones for the uptake efficiency of N. An experiment with two grapevine rootstocks (“Paulsen 1103” and “Magnólia”) and, another with two eucalyptus clones (“Eucalyptus saligna (32864)” and “Eucalyptus grandis (GPC 23)”), it was conducted. The vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones were cultivated for 20 and 30 days, respectively, in pots containing solution with Ca- SO4 to 0,1 mol L-1. After, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic rates were evaluated. The plants were again subjected to Hoagland solution, where periodic solution collections were performed during 65 hours of evaluation. After, shoot and root system morphological parameters, dry matter, N concentration were evaluated. The kinetic parameters of the uptake of NO3 - and NH4 +. (maximum absorption speed - Vmax, Michaelis-Menten constant - Km, minimum concentration - Cmin and influx - I)) were calculated using Influx software. Study 2 addressed the effect of N modes and doses on root system growth. In Experiment 1 'Alicante Bouschet' grapevines, grafted onto Paulsen 1103 rootstock were submitted to applications of 0, 40 and 100 kg kg N ha-1 year-1, supplied without irrigation (N surf) and via fertigation (N Fert). In the experiment 2 Eucalyptus grandis clones (GPC 23) were submitted to control (without N) (C), surface N (SN) and N in hole (CN). Leaf N concentration, yield components and root growth parameters (surface area, number, production and average diameter of roots) using minirhizotron were evaluated. In Study 1, Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone presented higher NO3 - and NH4 + uptake efficiency, since they presented lower Cmin and Km values, in both forms of N, which allows the extraction of N by roots, even in low concentrations in solution due to the higher affinity of the root uptake sites for NO3 - and NH4 +.The parameters of root length, surface area aid the Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone in their absorption efficiency and, consequently, better photosynthetic performance and higher root and shoot dry matter production. In Study 2 the highest doses of N (40 and 100 kg N ha-1 year-1) for grapevine and the CN mode for eucalyptus increased higher levels of NO3 - and NH4 + in the soil, which stimulated higher values of production and surface área of roots. This contributes to higher N uptake, as observed in leaf N concentration, which increased production parameters such as eucalyptus height and stem diameter, productivity and number of vine clusters. However, increased productivity altered grape must composition, especially increasing total titratable acidity and reducing total anthocyanin and total soluble solids contents.Solos arenosos e com baixos teores de matéria orgânica não fornecem a quantidade de nitrogênio (N) suficiente para suprir a demanda de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. pelo N. Porém, nem sempre o N aplicado é aproveitado em grandes quantidades por estas culturas. Por isso, convém selecionar os porta-enxertos e clones mais eficientes na absorção de N. Além disso, definir as melhores doses de N e modos de fornecimento, que possam promover crescimento adequado do sistema radicular, favorecendo a absorção de água e nutrientes, como as formas minerais de N, o que pode promover elevadas produtividades, mas com uvas de qualidade; bem como rápido crescimento, no caso de Eucalyptus sp. Isso promoverá racionalização dos fertilizantes e diminuirá a contaminação do ambiente. O trabalho objetivou estabelecer a eficiência de absorção de N e o crescimento do sistema radicular em Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp., submetidas à adubação nitrogenada. Dois estudos foram conduzidos. Cada estudo foi composto por dois experimentos, um com videira e outro com eucalipto. O Estudo 1 abordou a seleção de porta-enxertos de videiras e clones de eucalipto, quanto a eficiência de absorção de N. Um experimento com dois porta-enxertos de videiras (“Paulsen 1103” e “Magnólia”) e, outro com dois clones de eucalipto (“Eucalyptus saligna (32864)” e “Eucalyptus grandis (GPC 23)”), foram conduzidos. Os porta-enxertos de videiras e clones de eucalipto foram cultivados por 20 e 30 dias, respectivamente, em vasos contendo solução com CaSO4 a 0,1 mol L-1. Após, foram avaliadas a fluorescência da clorofila a e a taxa fotossintética. As plantas foram novamente submetidas à solução de Hoagland, onde foram realizadas coletas periódicas de solução durante 65 horas de avaliação. Após, parâmetros morfológicos da parte aérea e sistema radicular, matéria seca, concentração de N foram avaliados. Os parâmetros cinéticos de absorção de NO3 - e NH4 + (velocidade máxima de absorção - Vmax, constante de Michaelis-Menten - Km, concentração mínima - Cmin e influxo - I)) foram calculados utilizando o software Influx. O Estudo 2 abordou o efeito de modos de aplicação e doses de N no crescimento do sistema radicular. No Experimento 1 videiras ‘Alicante Bouschet’, enxertadas sobre o porta-enxerto Paulsen 1103 foram submetidas às aplicações de 0, 40 e 100 kg N ha-1 ano-1, fornecidas sem irrigação (N surf) e via fertirrigação (N Fert). No experimento 2 clones de Eucalyptus grandis (GPC 23) foram submetidos a três modos de fornecimento de N: controle (sem N) (C), N em superfície (SN) e N em cova (CN). Concentração de N em folhas, componentes de produtividade e parâmetros de crescimento radicular (área superficial, número, produção e diâmetro médio de raízes), usando minirhizotron, foram avaliados. No Estudo 1 o porta-enxerto Paulsen 1103 e Eucalyptus grandis apresentaram maior eficiência em absorção de NO3 - e NH4 +, pois apresentaram menores valores de Cmin e Km, nas duas formas de N, o que permite a extração de N pelas raízes, mesmo em baixas concentrações em solução, devido a maior afinidade dos sítios de absorção das raízes por NO3 - e NH4 +. Os parâmetros de comprimento, área e volume de raízes auxiliaram o porta-enxerto Paulsen 1103 e o clone Eucalyptus grandis na sua eficiência em absorção e, consequentemente melhor desempenho fotossintético e maior produção de matéria seca de raízes e parte aérea. No Estudo 2 as maiores doses de N (40 e 100 kg N ha-1 ano-1) para videira e o modo CN para eucalipto incrementaram maiores teores de NH4 + e NO3 - no solo, o que estimulou maiores valores de área superficial, produção e número de raízes. Isso contribui para maiores absorções de N, verificado na concentração de N em folhas, o que aumentou de parâmetros produtivos, como altura e diâmetro do colo para eucalipto e, produtividade e número de cachos para videira. No entanto, o aumento da produtividade alterou a composição do mosto da uva, especialmente, aumentando a acidez total titulável e reduzindo os teores de antocianinas totais e sólidos solúveis totais no mosto.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências RuraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBrasilAgronomiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAmônioEucaliptoMorfologia do sistema radicularNitratoParâmetros cinéticosProdução de raízesVideiraAmmoniumEucalyptRoot system morphologyNitrateKinetic parametersRoot productionGrapevineCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOEficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenadaNitrogen uptake efficiency and dynamics of radicular system growth of Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submitted to nitrogen fertilizationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisBrunetto, Gustavohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1185169003700830Tabaldi, Luciane Almerihttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7018571529110665Rozane, Danilo Eduardohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1805694855931202http://lattes.cnpq.br/3884951242219673Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza5001001000056009722b6ea-23a3-4bcf-bb63-6ba069fdb11a1b394355-a7ce-4582-b26e-2aff520c48e16ab2d9a4-9715-4937-88f9-46c8258fa9c6bdf81015-304c-47d7-a802-186297c77981reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALDIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdfDIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdfDissertação de Mestradoapplication/pdf4402341http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/1/DIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdf4ecc7f094b65b2efb4d382663e926f3bMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Nitrogen uptake efficiency and dynamics of radicular system growth of Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submitted to nitrogen fertilization |
title |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
spellingShingle |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza Amônio Eucalipto Morfologia do sistema radicular Nitrato Parâmetros cinéticos Produção de raízes Videira Ammonium Eucalypt Root system morphology Nitrate Kinetic parameters Root production Grapevine CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
title_full |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
title_fullStr |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
title_full_unstemmed |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
title_sort |
Eficiência de absorção de nitrogênio e dinâmica do crescimento do sistema radicular de Vitis vinifera e Eucalyptus sp. submetidos à adubação nitrogenada |
author |
Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza |
author_facet |
Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Brunetto, Gustavo |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1185169003700830 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Tabaldi, Luciane Almeri |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7018571529110665 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Rozane, Danilo Eduardo |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1805694855931202 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3884951242219673 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Kulmann, Matheus Severo de Souza |
contributor_str_mv |
Brunetto, Gustavo Tabaldi, Luciane Almeri Rozane, Danilo Eduardo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Amônio Eucalipto Morfologia do sistema radicular Nitrato Parâmetros cinéticos Produção de raízes Videira |
topic |
Amônio Eucalipto Morfologia do sistema radicular Nitrato Parâmetros cinéticos Produção de raízes Videira Ammonium Eucalypt Root system morphology Nitrate Kinetic parameters Root production Grapevine CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Ammonium Eucalypt Root system morphology Nitrate Kinetic parameters Root production Grapevine |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
Sandy soils and with low organic matter content do not provide provide enough nitrogen (N) to supply the demand of Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp. However, the applied N is not always used in large quantities by these crops. Therefore, it is advisable to select the most efficient rootstocks and clones for N uptake. Also, define the best N doses and modes of supply that can promote adequate root system growth, favoring water and nutrient uptake, such as mineral forms of N, which may promote high yields, but as quality grapes; as well as rapid growth in the case of Eucalyptus sp. This will promote rationalization of fertilizers and decrease environmental contamination. The work aimed to establish the efficiency of N uptake and root growth dynamics in Vitis vinifera and Eucalyptus sp., submitted to nitrogen fertilization. Two studies were conducted. Each study consisted of two experiments, one with grapevine and one with eucalyptus. Study 1 included selecting of vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones for the uptake efficiency of N. An experiment with two grapevine rootstocks (“Paulsen 1103” and “Magnólia”) and, another with two eucalyptus clones (“Eucalyptus saligna (32864)” and “Eucalyptus grandis (GPC 23)”), it was conducted. The vines rootstocks and eucalyptus clones were cultivated for 20 and 30 days, respectively, in pots containing solution with Ca- SO4 to 0,1 mol L-1. After, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic rates were evaluated. The plants were again subjected to Hoagland solution, where periodic solution collections were performed during 65 hours of evaluation. After, shoot and root system morphological parameters, dry matter, N concentration were evaluated. The kinetic parameters of the uptake of NO3 - and NH4 +. (maximum absorption speed - Vmax, Michaelis-Menten constant - Km, minimum concentration - Cmin and influx - I)) were calculated using Influx software. Study 2 addressed the effect of N modes and doses on root system growth. In Experiment 1 'Alicante Bouschet' grapevines, grafted onto Paulsen 1103 rootstock were submitted to applications of 0, 40 and 100 kg kg N ha-1 year-1, supplied without irrigation (N surf) and via fertigation (N Fert). In the experiment 2 Eucalyptus grandis clones (GPC 23) were submitted to control (without N) (C), surface N (SN) and N in hole (CN). Leaf N concentration, yield components and root growth parameters (surface area, number, production and average diameter of roots) using minirhizotron were evaluated. In Study 1, Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone presented higher NO3 - and NH4 + uptake efficiency, since they presented lower Cmin and Km values, in both forms of N, which allows the extraction of N by roots, even in low concentrations in solution due to the higher affinity of the root uptake sites for NO3 - and NH4 +.The parameters of root length, surface area aid the Paulsen 1103 rootstock and Eucalyptus grandis clone in their absorption efficiency and, consequently, better photosynthetic performance and higher root and shoot dry matter production. In Study 2 the highest doses of N (40 and 100 kg N ha-1 year-1) for grapevine and the CN mode for eucalyptus increased higher levels of NO3 - and NH4 + in the soil, which stimulated higher values of production and surface área of roots. This contributes to higher N uptake, as observed in leaf N concentration, which increased production parameters such as eucalyptus height and stem diameter, productivity and number of vine clusters. However, increased productivity altered grape must composition, especially increasing total titratable acidity and reducing total anthocyanin and total soluble solids contents. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2019-07-30 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-06T17:52:14Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-06T17:52:14Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19760 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/19760 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
500100100005 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
9722b6ea-23a3-4bcf-bb63-6ba069fdb11a 1b394355-a7ce-4582-b26e-2aff520c48e1 6ab2d9a4-9715-4937-88f9-46c8258fa9c6 bdf81015-304c-47d7-a802-186297c77981 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/1/DIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdf http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/2/license_rdf http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/3/license.txt http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/4/DIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdf.txt http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/19760/5/DIS_PPGCS_2019_KULMANN_MATHEUS.pdf.jpg |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
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bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1791086249541369856 |