Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
Texto Completo: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/24907 |
Resumo: | The introduction of cover crops in agricultural production systems has received attention due its ability to improve the multifunctionality of the soil and for many species have the capacity of biological N fixation. After the productive period the excess of N fixed or the senescence of roots and / or plants may induce an excess of nitrate in the soil, which if not used by the species in sequence can be leached and reach subsurface waters. Therefore, the objective of this study is to relate the concentrations of mineral nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) in the soil solution with the different species of cover crops used. The study was conducted in the experimental area belonging to the Department of Soils of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) in a Typic Hapludalf (Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico abrúptico – braziliam soil classification). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with six treatments distributed in four blocks totaling 24 experimental units. The evaluated treatments were: 1. Bare soil (Sdes); 2. Spontaneous vegetation (Vesp); 3. Forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) (AFor); 4. Grass pensacola (Paspalum notatum) (Gpens); 5. Oats (Avena strigosa) and turnip (Raphanus sativus) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (ANFe); 6. Oats (Avena strigosa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (AEFe). In order to collect the soil solution, suction lysimeters were installed at the depths of 0.15 m and 0.50 m. The solution was collected after rainfall events during the spring of 2018, where a suction of 50 kPa was applied to the lysimeters and the solution was collected 48 hours after suction application. Samples were analyzed using continuous flow analyzer (SKALAR). The nitrate concentration in the soil solution was higher when collected at 15 cm, than at 50 cm. Forage peanut and spontaneous vegetation had higher nitrate concentration in the soil solution at initial period of spring and Oats + Vetch + Cowpea and Oats + Turnip+ Cowpea consortia had high concentrations at the end of the spring. The detected ammonium concentrations are small and showed no statistical differences between the ground cover plant systems. |
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Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de coberturaNitrate and ammonium in the soil solution in systems with cover cropLisímetroLixiviaçãoNitrogênioÁgua no soloLeguminosasLysimeterLeachingNitrogenWater in the soilLegumesCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOThe introduction of cover crops in agricultural production systems has received attention due its ability to improve the multifunctionality of the soil and for many species have the capacity of biological N fixation. After the productive period the excess of N fixed or the senescence of roots and / or plants may induce an excess of nitrate in the soil, which if not used by the species in sequence can be leached and reach subsurface waters. Therefore, the objective of this study is to relate the concentrations of mineral nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) in the soil solution with the different species of cover crops used. The study was conducted in the experimental area belonging to the Department of Soils of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) in a Typic Hapludalf (Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico abrúptico – braziliam soil classification). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with six treatments distributed in four blocks totaling 24 experimental units. The evaluated treatments were: 1. Bare soil (Sdes); 2. Spontaneous vegetation (Vesp); 3. Forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) (AFor); 4. Grass pensacola (Paspalum notatum) (Gpens); 5. Oats (Avena strigosa) and turnip (Raphanus sativus) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (ANFe); 6. Oats (Avena strigosa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (AEFe). In order to collect the soil solution, suction lysimeters were installed at the depths of 0.15 m and 0.50 m. The solution was collected after rainfall events during the spring of 2018, where a suction of 50 kPa was applied to the lysimeters and the solution was collected 48 hours after suction application. Samples were analyzed using continuous flow analyzer (SKALAR). The nitrate concentration in the soil solution was higher when collected at 15 cm, than at 50 cm. Forage peanut and spontaneous vegetation had higher nitrate concentration in the soil solution at initial period of spring and Oats + Vetch + Cowpea and Oats + Turnip+ Cowpea consortia had high concentrations at the end of the spring. The detected ammonium concentrations are small and showed no statistical differences between the ground cover plant systems.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESA inclusão de plantas de cobertura do solo em sistemas de produção agrícola tem recebido atenção pela habilidade de melhorar a multifuncionalidade do solo e por muitas espécies terem a capacidade de fixação de nitrogênio (N). Após o período produtivo o N fixado ou a senescência de raízes e/ou das plantas pode induzir um excesso de nitrato no solo, que se não utilizado pelas espécies em sequência pode ser lixiviado e atingir as águas subsuperficiais. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é relacionar as concentrações de nitrogênio mineral (nitrato e amônio) na solução do solo com as diferentes espécies de plantas de cobertura utilizadas. O estudo foi conduzido na área experimental pertencente ao departamento de solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) em um argissolo vermelho-amarelo distrófico abrúptico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos distribuídos em quatro blocos totalizando 24 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: 1. Solo descoberto (Sdes); 2. Vegetação espontânea (Vesp); 3. Amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi) (AFor); 4. Grama pensacola (Paspalum notatum) (Gpens); 5. Aveia (Avena strigosa) e nabo (Raphanus sativus) –inverno- e feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata) –verão (ANFe); 6. Aveia (Avena strigosa) e ervilhaca (Vicia sativa) -inverno- e feijão caupi (Vigna unguiculata) –verão (AEFe). Para realizar a coleta da solução do solo foram instalados lisímetros de tensão, nas profundidades de 0,15 m e 0,50 m. A coleta de solução foi realizada após eventos de chuvas ocorridas durante a primavera de 2018, onde foi aplicado uma tensão de 50 kPa nos lisímetros e a solução foi coletada 48 horas após a aplicação da tensão. As amostras foram analisadas utilizando analisador de fluxo contínuo (SKALAR). Com os resultados obtidos foi possível concluir que a concentração de nitrato na solução do solo foi mais alta quando coletada a 15 cm, do que a 50 cm. O amendoim forrageiro e a vegetação espontânea tiveram maiores trocas iniciais de nitrato e os consórcios de Av+Er+F e Av+Na+F apresentaram elevadas concentrações no início da primavera. As concentrações de amônio detectadas são pequenas e não apresentaram diferenças estatísticas entre os sistemas de plantas de cobertura do solo.Universidade Federal de Santa MariaBrasilAgronomiaUFSMPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloCentro de Ciências RuraisReinert, Dalvan Joséhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995Kaiser, Douglas RodrigoGiacomini, Sandro JoséPons, Sarah Severo2022-06-20T19:31:26Z2022-06-20T19:31:26Z2019-02-27info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/24907porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSM2022-06-20T19:31:27Zoai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/24907Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-06-20T19:31:27Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura Nitrate and ammonium in the soil solution in systems with cover crop |
title |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
spellingShingle |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura Pons, Sarah Severo Lisímetro Lixiviação Nitrogênio Água no solo Leguminosas Lysimeter Leaching Nitrogen Water in the soil Legumes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_full |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_fullStr |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
title_sort |
Nitrato e amônio na solução do solo em sistemas com uso de plantas de cobertura |
author |
Pons, Sarah Severo |
author_facet |
Pons, Sarah Severo |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Reinert, Dalvan José http://lattes.cnpq.br/0341150684713995 Kaiser, Douglas Rodrigo Giacomini, Sandro José |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Pons, Sarah Severo |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Lisímetro Lixiviação Nitrogênio Água no solo Leguminosas Lysimeter Leaching Nitrogen Water in the soil Legumes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
topic |
Lisímetro Lixiviação Nitrogênio Água no solo Leguminosas Lysimeter Leaching Nitrogen Water in the soil Legumes CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The introduction of cover crops in agricultural production systems has received attention due its ability to improve the multifunctionality of the soil and for many species have the capacity of biological N fixation. After the productive period the excess of N fixed or the senescence of roots and / or plants may induce an excess of nitrate in the soil, which if not used by the species in sequence can be leached and reach subsurface waters. Therefore, the objective of this study is to relate the concentrations of mineral nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) in the soil solution with the different species of cover crops used. The study was conducted in the experimental area belonging to the Department of Soils of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) in a Typic Hapludalf (Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico abrúptico – braziliam soil classification). The experimental design was a randomized block design, with six treatments distributed in four blocks totaling 24 experimental units. The evaluated treatments were: 1. Bare soil (Sdes); 2. Spontaneous vegetation (Vesp); 3. Forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) (AFor); 4. Grass pensacola (Paspalum notatum) (Gpens); 5. Oats (Avena strigosa) and turnip (Raphanus sativus) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (ANFe); 6. Oats (Avena strigosa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) -winter- and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (AEFe). In order to collect the soil solution, suction lysimeters were installed at the depths of 0.15 m and 0.50 m. The solution was collected after rainfall events during the spring of 2018, where a suction of 50 kPa was applied to the lysimeters and the solution was collected 48 hours after suction application. Samples were analyzed using continuous flow analyzer (SKALAR). The nitrate concentration in the soil solution was higher when collected at 15 cm, than at 50 cm. Forage peanut and spontaneous vegetation had higher nitrate concentration in the soil solution at initial period of spring and Oats + Vetch + Cowpea and Oats + Turnip+ Cowpea consortia had high concentrations at the end of the spring. The detected ammonium concentrations are small and showed no statistical differences between the ground cover plant systems. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-02-27 2022-06-20T19:31:26Z 2022-06-20T19:31:26Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/24907 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/24907 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil Agronomia UFSM Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo Centro de Ciências Rurais |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
collection |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1805922093147095040 |